T14n0533_菩薩生地經
大正藏第 14 冊 No. 0533 菩薩生地經
No. 533
菩薩生地經
吳月氏優婆塞支謙譯
聞如是：
一時佛游于迦維羅衛國釋氏精廬，尼拘類樹下坐，與五百比丘眾俱。
是時，城中有釋種長者子，名差摩竭，行詣佛所，稽首畢，一面坐，叉手白佛言：「菩薩何行，疾得無上正真之道，普具三十二相，從一佛國到一佛國，臨壽終時其心不亂，所生不墮八難之處，常知去來之事，悉成諸法周滿達事，知一切法無所掛礙，信解空行，得不起法忍，恒以至心欲作沙門，未曾犯戒，不樂居處？」
佛言：「大哉！差摩竭！乃問菩薩之行，忍辱為本，以立忍力乃疾得佛。忍有四事，何等為四？一曰、若罵詈者默而不報；二曰、若撾捶者受而不挍；三曰、若瞋恚者慈心向之；四曰、若輕毀者不念其惡。」
佛時頌曰：
「撾罵不以恚， 輕毀亦不恨， 菩薩忍如是， 所問悉可得； 慎言不欺慢， 未曾起亂意， 不犯不有惡， 是行得佛疾； 開士常以忍， 敦誠行大慈， 是用得成佛， 三十二相明； 從事於惡者， 常喜加捶杖， 害心施於人， 是不離惡道； 邪見自貢高， 急憋好瞋恚， 彼為自
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本 《菩薩生地經》
吳月氏優婆塞支謙譯
我聽聞是這樣的：
一時，佛陀在迦維羅衛國（Kapilavastu）釋迦族的精舍，尼拘類樹（Nigrodha tree）下安坐，與五百比丘眾在一起。
當時，城中有一位釋迦族的長者之子，名叫差摩竭（Chama-khema），他前往佛陀所在之處，頂禮佛足后，在一旁坐下，合掌向佛陀請教說：『菩薩修習什麼行，能夠迅速獲得無上正真之道（Anuttara-samyak-sambodhi），普遍具備三十二相，從一個佛國到另一個佛國，臨終時心不散亂，所生之處不墮入八難之處，常能知曉過去和未來的事情，完全成就諸法，圓滿通達一切事理，了知一切法無所掛礙，信解空性之行，證得不起法忍，恒常以至誠之心想要出家為沙門，未曾違犯戒律，不貪戀居家之處？』
佛陀說：『太好了！差摩竭！你竟然問的是菩薩的修行，忍辱是根本，以建立忍辱之力才能迅速成佛。忍辱有四件事，是哪四件呢？第一，如果有人謾罵，就沉默不迴應；第二，如果有人毆打，就承受而不計較；第三，如果有人嗔恚，就以慈悲心對待他；第四，如果有人輕視譭謗，就不記念他的惡行。』
當時佛陀以偈頌說道：
『被人毆打謾罵不因此而生嗔恚，被人輕視譭謗也不因此而怨恨，菩薩的忍辱就是這樣，你所問的都能得到；謹慎言語不欺騙傲慢，未曾生起擾亂的心意，不違犯戒律沒有惡行，這樣的修行能迅速成佛；菩薩常常以忍辱，敦厚誠實地行大慈悲，因此得以成就佛果，三十二相光明照耀；從事於惡行的人，常常喜歡加以捶打棍棒，以害人之心施加於人，這樣的人不能脫離惡道；邪見之人自我貢高，急躁暴躁喜歡嗔恚，他們是自』
【English Translation】 English version The Sutra of the Land Where Bodhisattvas are Born
Translated by Upasaka Zhi Qian of the Yuezhi Kingdom of Wu
Thus have I heard:
At one time, the Buddha was dwelling in the Shakya clan's monastery in the country of Kapilavastu (迦維羅衛國), seated beneath a Nigrodha tree (尼拘類樹), together with a gathering of five hundred Bhikshus.
At that time, there was a son of a Shakya elder in the city named Chama-khema (差摩竭). He went to where the Buddha was, bowed his head to the Buddha's feet, and sat to one side. With his palms together, he said to the Buddha: 'What practices does a Bodhisattva cultivate to quickly attain the Unsurpassed Perfect Enlightenment (Anuttara-samyak-sambodhi), universally possess the thirty-two marks, travel from one Buddha-land to another, have their mind undisturbed at the end of their life, not be born in the eight difficult realms, always know about past and future events, completely accomplish all dharmas, fully understand all matters, know that all dharmas are without obstruction, have faith and understanding in the practice of emptiness, attain the forbearance of non-arising dharmas, constantly desire to become a Shramana with utmost sincerity, never violate the precepts, and not be attached to dwelling in a home?'
The Buddha said: 'Excellent! Chama-khema! You are asking about the practices of a Bodhisattva. Patience and forbearance are fundamental. By establishing the power of patience, one can quickly attain Buddhahood. There are four aspects of patience. What are the four? First, if someone scolds you, remain silent and do not retaliate. Second, if someone strikes you, accept it without resentment. Third, if someone is angry, direct loving-kindness towards them. Fourth, if someone belittles and slanders you, do not dwell on their evil deeds.'
At that time, the Buddha spoke in verse:
'Not angered by blows and curses, Nor resentful of belittlement and slander, The Bodhisattva's patience is like this, All that you ask can be attained; Cautious in speech, not deceiving or arrogant, Never arising with a disturbed mind, Not violating precepts, without evil deeds, Such practice attains Buddhahood quickly; The Bodhisattva constantly uses patience, To sincerely practice great compassion, Therefore, they attain Buddhahood, The thirty-two marks shining brightly; Those who engage in evil deeds, Often like to inflict beatings and blows, Applying harmful intentions to others, Such ones do not escape the evil paths; Those with wrong views, self-conceited, Impatient and fond of anger, They are se'
投冥， 終不近菩薩； 愚以貪強梁， 自用無禮敬， 不知孝父母， 是以有獄苦； 夫欲疾得佛， 常修戒德本， 依受善師教， 等心施於人。
「又有四事行疾得佛。何等為四？一曰、愛樂明經，好菩薩道，盡心護法，教誨於人；二曰、遠離女人，不與從事；三曰、常好佈施，沙門梵志；四曰、以不睡臥，心習空行。」
佛時頌曰：
「若以樂沙門， 常勤護經道， 愛法不遠師， 如是人難得； 深學求佛意， 多聞廣開人， 好施無慳心， 是行得佛疾； 女人不可親， 敗德亂世間， 從事於欲者， 未曾近菩薩； 是以清高士， 常防遠女色， 凈修菩薩道， 大悲濟天下。」
於是差摩竭，即解身珠寶瓔珞用散佛上，佛之威神，令其所散止於虛空，化成寶蓋，中有五百化人出，亦解身珠寶以散佛上，俱發聲言：「愿發無上正真道意。」
差摩竭見諸化人，踴躍歡喜，問佛言：「此化所出，從天來耶？四方四隅地中出耶？」
佛報言：「是化不從十方來，亦非天，亦非龍，亦非神，亦非人，亦非地水、火、風、空，非色、痛、想、行、識，亦非意、非心、非作、非往、非來，亦非今世，亦非後世，亦非生死；是
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本 沉迷於黑暗，最終無法接近菩薩（Bodhisattva）； 愚昧的人仗著貪婪逞強，自以為是，不懂得禮敬； 不知道孝順父母，因此會有牢獄之苦； 想要快速成佛，就要常常修習戒律的根本； 依止並接受善知識的教導，以平等心佈施於他人。
『又有四種行為可以快速成佛。是哪四種呢？一是，喜愛並樂於研習經典，愛好菩薩之道，盡心盡力地護持佛法，教誨他人；二是，遠離女人，不與她們有瓜葛；三是，經常樂於佈施給沙門（Śrāmaṇa，出家修行者）和梵志（Brahmin，婆羅門修行者）；四是，不貪睡，用心修習空性。』
佛陀當時以偈頌說道：
『如果喜愛沙門（Śrāmaṇa，出家修行者），常常勤奮地護持經典之道， 愛慕佛法而不遠離善知識，這樣的人很難得； 深入學習以求明白佛的意旨，廣聞博學以開導他人， 樂於佈施而沒有慳吝之心，這樣的行為可以快速成佛； 女人不可親近，會敗壞德行，擾亂世間， 沉溺於慾望的人，從未接近過菩薩（Bodhisattva）； 因此清高的修行人，常常防備並遠離女色， 清凈地修習菩薩之道，以大悲心救濟天下。』
於是差摩竭（Vimalakīrti）立即解下身上的珠寶瓔珞，用來散在佛的身上，佛以威神力，讓那些散開的珠寶停留在虛空中，化成寶蓋，寶蓋中出現五百個化人，也解下身上的珠寶散在佛的身上，一起發出聲音說：『愿發無上正真道意。』
差摩竭（Vimalakīrti）看見這些化人，踴躍歡喜，問佛說：『這些化人是從哪裡來的呢？是從天上來的嗎？還是從四面八方或地裡出來的呢？』
佛回答說：『這些化人不是從十方來的，也不是天，也不是龍，也不是神，也不是人，也不是地水火風空，不是色受想行識，也不是意、不是心、不是作、不是往、不是來，也不是今世，也不是後世，也不是生死；是』
【English Translation】 English version To be immersed in darkness ultimately prevents one from approaching the Bodhisattva; The foolish rely on greed and act violently, being self-righteous and lacking respect; They do not know how to be filial to their parents, and therefore suffer the pain of imprisonment; If one wishes to quickly attain Buddhahood, one must constantly cultivate the root of precepts and virtues; Rely on and receive the teachings of good teachers, and give to others with an equal mind.
『Furthermore, there are four practices that lead to swift attainment of Buddhahood. What are the four? First, to love and delight in studying the scriptures, to cherish the Bodhisattva path, to wholeheartedly protect the Dharma, and to teach others; second, to stay away from women and not engage with them; third, to always be generous in giving to Śrāmaṇas (wandering ascetics) and Brahmins (priests); fourth, to not indulge in sleep, and to diligently practice emptiness.』
The Buddha then spoke in verse:
『If one delights in Śrāmaṇas (wandering ascetics), and is constantly diligent in protecting the path of the scriptures, Loves the Dharma and does not distance oneself from good teachers, such a person is rare; Deeply studies to understand the Buddha's intent, learns widely to enlighten others, Loves to give without a miserly heart, such conduct leads to swift attainment of Buddhahood; Women should not be approached, as they corrupt virtue and disturb the world, Those who indulge in desires have never approached the Bodhisattva; Therefore, pure and noble practitioners always guard against and stay away from female allure, Purely cultivate the Bodhisattva path, and with great compassion, save the world.』
Thereupon, Vimalakīrti (差摩竭) immediately removed the jewels and necklaces from his body and scattered them upon the Buddha. By the Buddha's majestic power, the scattered jewels remained in the void, transforming into a jeweled canopy. Within the canopy, five hundred transformed beings appeared, who also removed the jewels from their bodies and scattered them upon the Buddha, all proclaiming together: 『May we generate the intention for unsurpassed, true, and right enlightenment.』
Vimalakīrti (差摩竭), seeing these transformed beings, rejoiced and asked the Buddha: 『Where do these transformed beings come from? Do they come from the heavens? Or do they come from the four directions or from the earth?』
The Buddha replied: 『These transformed beings do not come from the ten directions, nor are they gods, nor dragons, nor spirits, nor humans, nor earth, water, fire, wind, or space, nor are they form, feeling, perception, volition, or consciousness, nor are they intention, mind, action, going, or coming, nor are they this life, nor the next life, nor birth and death; they are』
人名化，字無從生，號為空，如影現於鏡中，無執、無舍、無由來、無所得，無我、無人、無命、無識；若男子女子，見知諸法如化無識，聞此好信而行應者，是即佛子，為已去冥、興世間明，為能降魔成極大德，是為沙門梵志，為清凈菩薩大人，為無從生，已得授決，為不退轉無上之人，信樂此法為如是也。」
佛告差摩竭：「若聞此經，而心驚怪、誹謗、形笑，當知是輩非沙門梵志，是為外道放逸之人，為無反覆惡師之人，為暗蔽無眼詐稱菩薩，是為誣罔抵突之人也。」
於是弊魔來問佛言：「信此法者能有幾人？」
佛報魔言：「有四百億欲天及人，皆得無所從生法樂，于中立是。」
時，差摩竭得不起法忍，五百比丘及五百清信士、二十五清信女，皆得立不退轉地，壽終悉當生於西方無量壽佛清凈國，常護持無數佛法，教化成就一切人民，使不退轉，如是無極恒沙邊劫，當於此土以次作佛。
魔聞佛言，稍稍卻行，而謂佛言：「后可不須復說此法也！」
賢者阿難白佛言：「當何名此經？以何奉持之？」
佛語阿難：「是經名為『菩薩生地經差摩竭所問』，當奉持之。百劫行五度無極，而無大智無菩薩者，不如諷誦此經義以分佈為人說。」
佛時頌曰：
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本：人名不過是假名安立，『字』（名號）也無從產生，『號』（稱號）也是空洞不實的，就像鏡中的影子一樣，沒有執著，沒有捨棄，沒有由來，也沒有所得。其中沒有『我』（atman），沒有『人』（pudgala），沒有『命』（jiva），也沒有『識』（vijnana）。如果男子或女子，能夠了知諸法如幻如化，沒有實在的自性，聽聞此經后深信不疑並依教奉行，這些人就是真正的佛子，他們能夠驅散黑暗，為世間帶來光明，能夠降伏魔怨，成就極大的功德，他們是真正的沙門（sramana，出家修行者）和梵志（brahmana，婆羅門修行者），是清凈的菩薩大人，是無所從來，已經得到佛授記的人，是永不退轉的無上之人，他們信樂此法，就應當這樣理解。
佛陀告訴差摩竭（Camakara）說：『如果有人聽聞此經，卻心生驚怪、誹謗、嘲笑，應當知道這些人不是真正的沙門（sramana，出家修行者）和梵志（brahmana，婆羅門修行者），而是外道放逸之人，是沒有反覆思量、邪見惡師之人，是內心闇昧無知，卻虛假地自稱為菩薩的人，是虛妄不實、牴觸正法之人。』
這時，弊魔（Mara，惡魔）前來問佛陀說：『相信此法的人能有多少呢？』
佛陀告訴魔王說：『有四百億欲界天人和人間眾生，都能得到無所從來、無所生滅的法樂，並且安住於此。』
當時，差摩竭（Camakara）證得了不起法忍，五百比丘和五百清信士、二十五清信女，都證得了不退轉地，他們壽命終結后，都將往生到西方無量壽佛（Amitabha）的清凈國土，常常護持無數佛法，教化成就一切眾生，使他們永不退轉，這樣經過無極恒河沙數般的劫數，他們將在這個國土依次成佛。
魔王聽了佛陀的話，慢慢地退後，對佛陀說：『以後可以不必再說這部經了！』
賢者阿難（Ananda）請示佛陀說：『這部經應當叫什麼名字？我們應當如何奉持它呢？』
佛陀告訴阿難（Ananda）說：『這部經名為《菩薩生地經差摩竭所問》，應當奉持它。即使經過百劫修行五度無極，如果沒有大智慧，不能成為菩薩，也不如諷誦此經的意義，併爲他人解說。』
佛陀當時說了偈頌：
【English Translation】 English version: Names are merely designations, 『character』 (name) has no origin, and 『title』 (appellation) is empty, like a reflection in a mirror, without attachment, without abandonment, without origin, and without attainment. There is no 『self』 (atman), no 『person』 (pudgala), no 『life』 (jiva), and no 『consciousness』 (vijnana). If a man or woman, understanding that all dharmas are like illusions and transformations, without substantial nature, hears this sutra, believes in it deeply, and practices accordingly, these are true children of the Buddha, able to dispel darkness and bring light to the world, able to subdue demons and achieve great merit. They are true sramanas (sramana, renunciates) and brahmanas (brahmana, Brahmin ascetics), pure Bodhisattva Mahasattvas, those without origin, who have received predictions of Buddhahood, and are irreversible, unsurpassed beings. They believe in and rejoice in this Dharma, and should understand it in this way.
The Buddha said to Camakara (Camakara): 『If someone hears this sutra and is startled, slanders, or ridicules it, know that these people are not true sramanas (sramana, renunciates) or brahmanas (brahmana, Brahmin ascetics), but are those of other paths who are unrestrained, those without reflection, evil teachers with wrong views, those who are ignorant and claim to be Bodhisattvas, those who are false and oppose the true Dharma.』
At that time, the Mara (Mara, demon) came and asked the Buddha: 『How many people will believe in this Dharma?』
The Buddha told the Mara: 『There are four hundred billion desire realm devas and humans who will attain the joy of the Dharma that has no origin and no cessation, and will abide in it.』
At that time, Camakara (Camakara) attained the forbearance of non-arising dharmas, five hundred bhikshus, five hundred laymen, and twenty-five laywomen all attained the ground of non-retrogression. When their lives end, they will all be reborn in the pure land of the Western Amitabha Buddha (Amitabha), constantly upholding countless Buddhadharmas, teaching and transforming all beings, causing them to never regress. In this way, after immeasurable, countless kalpas like the sands of the Ganges, they will successively become Buddhas in this land.
Having heard the Buddha's words, the Mara slowly retreated and said to the Buddha: 『It may not be necessary to speak this Dharma again in the future!』
The worthy Ananda (Ananda) asked the Buddha: 『What should this sutra be called? How should we uphold it?』
The Buddha told Ananda (Ananda): 『This sutra is called the 『Bodhisattva Birth Sutra: Questions of Camakara』. You should uphold it. Even if one practices the five paramitas for a hundred kalpas without great wisdom and cannot become a Bodhisattva, it is better to recite and explain the meaning of this sutra and expound it to others.』
At that time, the Buddha spoke in verse:
「若信學生地經， 其功德無有量， 斯已度三惡道， 后受者福皆然。」
佛說此已，差摩竭及四輩弟子、諸天龍神，皆歡喜受持。
菩薩生地經
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本： 『如果有人信仰《菩薩生地經》，那麼他的功德將是無法估量的。 這個人已經脫離了三惡道（地獄、餓鬼、畜生），後來接受此經的人也會獲得同樣的福報。』
佛陀說完這些話后，差摩竭（Chama-Kaga）以及四眾弟子（比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷）、諸天、龍神，都歡喜地接受並奉行。
《菩薩生地經》
【English Translation】 English version: 『If one believes in the Bodhisattva-jātaka-sūtra (Bodhisattva-jātaka-sūtra: Sutra on the Birthplace of Bodhisattvas), their merit will be immeasurable. This one has already crossed over the three evil paths (hell, hungry ghosts, animals), and those who receive it later will all be blessed in the same way.』
After the Buddha spoke these words, Chama-Kaga (Chama-Kaga) and the fourfold disciples (bhikshus, bhikshunis, upasakas, and upasikas), as well as the gods and dragons, all joyfully accepted and upheld it.
Bodhisattva-jātaka-sūtra (Bodhisattva-jātaka-sūtra: Sutra on the Birthplace of Bodhisattvas)