T14n0515_如來示教勝軍王經
大正藏第 14 冊 No. 0515 如來示教勝軍王經
No. 515 [Nos. 514, 516]
如來示教勝軍王經
大唐三藏法師玄奘奉 詔譯
如是我聞：
一時，薄伽梵在室羅筏住誓多林給孤獨園，與其無量大苾芻眾、天人等俱。
爾時，憍薩羅主勝軍大王，尊位威德皆悉成就，為欲瞻仰請問佛故，嚴駕出城往如來所。乘至下處步進入園，遙見世尊坐一樹下端嚴殊妙，諸根閑寂其心宴然，已能善得最上調順寂止究竟，已能善到第一調順寂止彼岸，善能密護降伏諸根，為丈夫龍、丈夫牛王、丈夫良馬，清凈無撓如澄泉池，威德熾盛光明照曜如大金山，有三十二大丈夫相圓滿莊嚴，八十隨好間飾支體。
時，勝軍王遙見佛已，心喜踴躍不能自勝，便即脫去剎帝利種灌頂大王隨身所有五標尊飾：一者、頂上寶冠；二者、所執神劍；三者、眾寶傘蓋；四者、末尼扇拂；五者、織成寶履。既去是已詣如來所，到已頂禮世尊雙足，右繞三匝退坐一面。
爾時，勝軍大王坐一面已，而白佛言：「大悲世尊！惟愿如來哀愍教授，惟愿善逝哀愍教誡，令我長夜證於大義利益安樂。」
爾時，世尊告大王曰：「善哉，善哉！大王！汝今乃能請問如來
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本
大正藏第 14 冊 No. 0515 如來示教勝軍王經
No. 515 [Nos. 514, 516]
如來示教勝軍王經
大唐三藏法師玄奘奉 詔譯
如是我聞：
一時，薄伽梵（Bhagavan，世尊）在室羅筏（Śrāvastī）住誓多林給孤獨園（Jetavana-anāthapiṇḍada-ārāma），與其無量大苾芻（bhikṣu，比丘）眾、天人等俱。
爾時，憍薩羅（Kośala）主勝軍大王，尊位威德皆悉成就，為欲瞻仰請問佛故，嚴駕出城往如來所。乘至下處步進入園，遙見世尊坐一樹下端嚴殊妙，諸根閑寂其心宴然，已能善得最上調順寂止究竟，已能善到第一調順寂止彼岸，善能密護降伏諸根，為丈夫龍、丈夫牛王、丈夫良馬，清凈無撓如澄泉池，威德熾盛光明照曜如大金山，有三十二大丈夫相圓滿莊嚴，八十隨好間飾支體。
時，勝軍王遙見佛已，心喜踴躍不能自勝，便即脫去剎帝利（Kshatriya）種灌頂大王隨身所有五標尊飾：一者、頂上寶冠；二者、所執神劍；三者、眾寶傘蓋；四者、末尼（maṇi，寶珠）扇拂；五者、織成寶履。既去是已詣如來所，到已頂禮世尊雙足，右繞三匝退坐一面。
爾時，勝軍大王坐一面已，而白佛言：『大悲世尊！惟愿如來哀愍教授，惟愿善逝哀愍教誡，令我長夜證於大義利益安樂。』
爾時，世尊告大王曰：『善哉，善哉！大王！汝今乃能請問如來
【English Translation】 English version
T14 No. 0515 The Sutra of King Shengjun Being Taught by the Tathagata
No. 515 [Nos. 514, 516]
The Sutra of King Shengjun Being Taught by the Tathagata
Translated by the Tang Dynasty Tripitaka Master Xuanzang under Imperial Order
Thus have I heard:
At one time, the Bhagavan (Bhagavan, World-Honored One) was dwelling in the Jeta Grove of the Anathapindika Garden in Śrāvastī (Śrāvastī), together with countless great bhikshus (bhikṣu, monks), devas (devas, gods), and others.
At that time, King Shengjun, the ruler of Kośala (Kośala), having fully attained honorable position and majestic virtue, and desiring to pay homage and inquire of the Buddha, solemnly prepared his carriage and went out of the city to where the Tathagata was. Arriving at the lower place, he entered the garden on foot, and from afar he saw the World-Honored One sitting under a tree, supremely dignified and wondrous, his senses tranquil and his mind serene, having well attained the ultimate of supreme taming, pacification, and cessation, having well reached the other shore of the foremost taming, pacification, and cessation, being skilled in secretly guarding and subduing the senses, being a dragon among men, a bull king among men, a fine horse among men, pure and undisturbed like a clear spring pond, his majestic virtue blazing and his light shining like a great golden mountain, possessing the thirty-two marks of a great man, perfectly adorned, and the eighty minor marks embellishing his body.
Then, King Shengjun, seeing the Buddha from afar, was filled with joy and could not contain himself. He immediately removed the five emblems of honor belonging to a Kshatriya (Kshatriya) caste, an inaugurated great king: first, the jeweled crown on his head; second, the divine sword he carried; third, the jeweled parasol; fourth, the maṇi (maṇi, jewel) fan; fifth, the woven jeweled shoes. Having removed these, he went to where the Tathagata was, and upon arriving, he prostrated himself at the World-Honored One's feet, circumambulated him three times to the right, and withdrew to sit on one side.
Then, King Shengjun, having sat on one side, said to the Buddha: 'O Greatly Compassionate World-Honored One! May the Tathagata have mercy and instruct me, may the Sugata (Sugata, Well-Gone One) have mercy and admonish me, so that I may, throughout the long night, realize the great meaning, benefit, and happiness.'
Then, the World-Honored One said to the Great King: 'Excellent, excellent! Great King! You are now able to ask the Tathagata'
如是大義。大王！汝今為大國主，應以正法勿以邪法，應隨法行勿隨非法。所以者何？
「大王當知！若有國王或諸王等，棄捨正法以諸邪法而作國王，彼于現在為諸聖賢之所訶毀，后致憂悔，身壞命終墮諸惡趣，生地獄中受諸劇苦；又若國王或諸王等，棄捨邪法以其正法而作國王，彼于現在為眾聖賢之所稱讚，后無憂悔，身壞命終超升善趣，生諸天中受諸妙樂。
「大王！譬如父母憐愍于子，心常欲令離苦得樂；王亦應爾，于諸國邑所有眾生，僮僕、作使、輔臣、僚佐，應以諸佛所說四攝而授受之。何等為四？一者、佈施；二者、愛語；三者、利行；四者、同事。如是善攝國邑眾生，僮僕、作使、輔臣、僚佐，攝於二義同事同歸。何等二義？一者、現在；二者、未來。
「大王當知！譬如男子或諸女人，于其夢中夢心所見，可愛園林可愛山谷，可愛國邑並諸異類，彼夢覺已所見皆無。如是，大王！國祚身命虛偽無常，一切皆如夢之所見。
「大王當知！王富貴樂、王自在樂、王愛慾樂，及余所受諸欲樂具，所謂象馬車步諸軍宮殿，后妃太子諸王，輔臣僚佐防衛士眾，父母兄弟姊妹妻妾，男女大小僮僕作使國邑眾生，金銀珍寶末尼真珠，衣服財谷庫藏等物，如是所有諸欲樂具，于命終時皆當
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本： 這就是偉大的真理。大王！您現在是一國之主，應當奉行正法，不要奉行邪法，應當遵循正法行事，不要遵循非法行事。這是為什麼呢？
大王應當知道！如果有國王或者諸位國王，拋棄正法而以各種邪法來治理國家，那麼他在現在會被各位聖賢所呵斥譭謗，以後會感到憂愁後悔，身死命終之後會墮入各種惡趣，生在地獄中遭受各種劇烈的痛苦；反之，如果國王或者諸位國王，拋棄邪法而以正法來治理國家，那麼他在現在會被各位聖賢所稱讚，以後不會感到憂愁後悔，身死命終之後會超越提升到善趣，生在天界中享受各種美妙的快樂。
大王！譬如父母憐愛自己的孩子，心中常常希望他們能夠遠離痛苦得到快樂；您也應當這樣，對於各個城邑中的所有眾生，包括奴僕、傭人、輔臣、僚佐，應當用諸佛所說的四攝法來教導和接納他們。什麼是四攝法呢？一是佈施；二是愛語；三是利行；四是同事。這樣善於攝受城邑中的眾生，奴僕、傭人、輔臣、僚佐，就能在兩個方面使他們同心同德，共同歸向正道。哪兩個方面呢？一是現在；二是未來。
大王應當知道！譬如男子或者女子，在夢中夢見自己心中所想的，可愛的園林、可愛的山谷、可愛的城邑以及各種不同的事物，當夢醒來之後，所見的一切都消失了。同樣，大王！國家的壽命、自身的生命都是虛假無常的，一切都如同夢中所見。
大王應當知道！國王的富貴快樂、國王的自在快樂、國王的愛慾快樂，以及其他所享受的各種慾望和快樂的器具，比如象、馬、車、步兵等軍隊，宮殿，后妃、太子等王室成員，輔臣、僚佐等大臣，防衛的士兵，父母、兄弟姐妹、妻子妾室，男女老少奴僕傭人，城邑中的百姓，金銀珍寶、摩尼（mani）[寶珠]、真珠，衣服財物糧食倉庫等物品，像這樣所有各種慾望和快樂的器具，在臨命終時都會...
【English Translation】 English version: Such is the great meaning. Great King! Now that you are the ruler of a great country, you should govern with the Dharma (正法) [righteous law], not with non-Dharma (邪法) [unrighteous law]; you should act in accordance with the Dharma, not in accordance with what is not the Dharma. Why is that?
Great King, you should know! If there are kings or other rulers who abandon the Dharma and govern their kingdoms with various non-Dharmic practices, they will be criticized and condemned by the wise and virtuous in the present, and will later experience sorrow and regret. After their bodies are destroyed and their lives end, they will fall into evil realms, be born in hells, and suffer intense pain. On the other hand, if there are kings or other rulers who abandon non-Dharmic practices and govern their kingdoms with the Dharma, they will be praised by the wise and virtuous in the present, and will have no sorrow or regret later. After their bodies are destroyed and their lives end, they will transcend and ascend to good realms, be born in the heavens, and enjoy wonderful pleasures.
Great King! Just as parents have compassion for their children and always wish them to be free from suffering and attain happiness, so too should you be towards all beings in your cities and towns, including servants, laborers, ministers, and officials. You should instruct and receive them with the Four Sangraha-vastus (四攝) [Four Means of Gathering or Embracing] taught by the Buddhas. What are the four? First, giving (佈施) [charity or generosity]; second, loving speech (愛語) [kind and affectionate words]; third, beneficial action (利行) [acting for the benefit of others]; and fourth, cooperation (同事) [working together or identification]. By skillfully embracing the beings in your cities and towns, servants, laborers, ministers, and officials in this way, you can unite them in two aspects, leading them to the same destination. What are the two aspects? First, the present (現在); second, the future (未來).
Great King, you should know! Just as a man or woman, in a dream, sees in their mind's eye lovely gardens, lovely valleys, lovely cities and towns, and various different things, but when they awaken from the dream, all that they saw is gone. Likewise, Great King! The lifespan of a kingdom and one's own life are false and impermanent; everything is like what is seen in a dream.
Great King, you should know! The king's wealth and happiness, the king's freedom and happiness, the king's pleasures of love and desire, and all the other pleasures and instruments of enjoyment that he experiences, such as elephants, horses, chariots, infantry, palaces, consorts, princes, ministers, officials, defending soldiers, parents, siblings, wives, concubines, male and female servants, laborers, the people of the kingdom, gold, silver, jewels, mani (摩尼) [jewels], pearls, clothing, wealth, grain, storehouses, and so on—all such instruments of pleasure and enjoyment will...
棄捨，獨往後世無一相隨。
「大王當知！如上所說一切樂具，非常非恒不可保信，皆變易法迅速不停，流轉移動終歸壞滅，唸唸遷謝后為灰燼，究竟同趣滅盡之門，是失壞法有諸怖畏、有諸災橫、多諸愁惱，皆是墜墮零落斷壞離散之法。
「大王當知！譬如樹林先見開華，尋復結果后還無果，先見其葉榮茂青翠，尋復萎黃后皆凋落。如是，大王！國祚身命，王富貴樂、王自在樂、王愛慾樂，及余所愛諸欲樂具，所謂象馬車步軍等，廣說乃至皆是墜墮零落斷壞離散之法，亦復如是。
「大王當知！如大火聚，先見熾然復極熾然，轉遍熾然後皆洞然，雖久熾盛終歸滅盡。如是，大王！國祚身命，王富貴樂、王自在樂、王愛慾樂，及余所受諸欲樂具，所謂象馬車步軍等，廣說乃至皆是墜墮零落斷壞離散之法，亦復如是。
「大王當知！如日月輪，有大神用具大勢力，放大光明以自莊嚴，遍照世間終歸隱沒。如是，大王！國祚身命，王富貴樂、王自在樂、王愛慾樂，及余所受諸欲樂具，所謂象馬車步軍等，廣說乃至皆是墜墮零落斷壞離散之法，亦復如是。
「大王當知！譬如大云遍覆虛空，暴風疾雷掣電注雨，震動天地須臾散滅。如是，大王！國祚身命，王富貴樂、王自在樂、王愛慾樂，及
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本： 捨棄一切，獨自前往後世，沒有一樣東西可以相隨。
『大王應當知道！像上面所說的一切享樂之物，都是無常的，不是永恒的，不可靠的，都是會變化的，迅速不停留的，流轉移動最終歸於壞滅，唸唸遷謝之後化為灰燼，最終都趨向于滅盡之門，是會失去、會損壞的，有各種怖畏、各種災禍，有很多愁苦煩惱，都是會墜落、零落、斷壞、離散的。
『大王應當知道！譬如樹林，先看到開花，隨即結果，之後又沒有果實；先看到樹葉繁榮茂盛、青翠碧綠，隨即枯萎發黃，之後全部凋落。像這樣，大王！國運壽命，國王的富貴享樂、國王的自在享樂、國王的愛慾享樂，以及其他所喜愛的各種享樂之物，比如象、馬、車、步兵等，乃至廣而言之，都是會墜落、零落、斷壞、離散的，也是如此。
『大王應當知道！譬如一大堆火焰，先看到熾盛燃燒，然後更加熾盛燃燒，轉而全部燃燒，雖然燃燒很久，最終歸於熄滅。像這樣，大王！國運壽命，國王的富貴享樂、國王的自在享樂、國王的愛慾享樂，以及其他所享受的各種享樂之物，比如象、馬、車、步兵等，乃至廣而言之，都是會墜落、零落、斷壞、離散的，也是如此。
『大王應當知道！譬如太陽和月亮，有大神力，具備巨大的勢力，放出巨大的光明來莊嚴自身，照遍世間，最終歸於隱沒。像這樣，大王！國運壽命，國王的富貴享樂、國王的自在享樂、國王的愛慾享樂，以及其他所享受的各種享樂之物，比如象、馬、車、步兵等，乃至廣而言之，都是會墜落、零落、斷壞、離散的，也是如此。
『大王應當知道！譬如巨大的雲朵遍佈虛空，狂風、迅雷、閃電、暴雨，震動天地，須臾之間就消散滅盡。像這樣，大王！國運壽命，國王的富貴享樂、國王的自在享樂、國王的愛慾樂，以及
【English Translation】 English version: Abandoning everything, one goes alone to the afterlife, with nothing to accompany them.
'Great King, you should know! All the pleasures mentioned above are impermanent, not eternal, unreliable, subject to change, swiftly ceasing, constantly transforming and ultimately decaying. Moment by moment they pass away, eventually turning to ashes, ultimately heading towards the gate of extinction. They are subject to loss and destruction, fraught with fears, calamities, and many sorrows and afflictions, all destined to fall, decay, break, and scatter.'
'Great King, you should know! Just as a forest first blossoms, then bears fruit, and later has no fruit; first its leaves are seen flourishing, green and lush, then they wither and turn yellow, and finally all fall. Likewise, Great King! The fate of a kingdom, life, the king's wealth and pleasures, the king's freedom and pleasures, the king's pleasures of love and desire, and all other beloved pleasures, such as elephants, horses, chariots, infantry, and so on, broadly speaking, are all destined to fall, decay, break, and scatter.'
'Great King, you should know! Just as a great fire first blazes, then blazes even more intensely, then burns completely, though it burns for a long time, it ultimately goes out. Likewise, Great King! The fate of a kingdom, life, the king's wealth and pleasures, the king's freedom and pleasures, the king's pleasures of love and desire, and all other pleasures enjoyed, such as elephants, horses, chariots, infantry, and so on, broadly speaking, are all destined to fall, decay, break, and scatter.'
'Great King, you should know! Just as the sun and moon, with great divine power and immense strength, emit great light to adorn themselves, illuminating the world, ultimately disappear. Likewise, Great King! The fate of a kingdom, life, the king's wealth and pleasures, the king's freedom and pleasures, the king's pleasures of love and desire, and all other pleasures enjoyed, such as elephants, horses, chariots, infantry, and so on, broadly speaking, are all destined to fall, decay, break, and scatter.'
'Great King, you should know! Just as a great cloud covers the sky, with violent winds, swift thunder, lightning, and torrential rain, shaking heaven and earth, and in an instant it scatters and vanishes. Likewise, Great King! The fate of a kingdom, life, the king's wealth and pleasures, the king's freedom and pleasures, the king's pleasures of love and desire, and
余所受諸欲樂具，所謂象馬車步軍等，廣說乃至皆是墜墮零落斷壞離散之法，亦復如是。是故，大王！應善勤修，隨無常觀、隨盡滅觀，于自命終常當驚懼，為大國王應以正法勿以非法，應隨法行勿隨非法。
「大王當知！如四大山從四方來，牢固堅密無有缺漏無諸間隙，周匝充遍總一合成，上盡虛空下窮地際，其中所有一切草木枝條花葉，及諸有情蠢動之類皆被磨滅，難以決勇而可逃避，難以勢力而能抗拒，難以咒術財貨藥物而可禁止。如是，大王！世有四種大怖畏事，各來磨滅一切眾生，難以決勇而可逃避，難以勢力而能抗拒，難以咒術財貨藥物而能禁止。
「云何四種大怖畏事？大王當知！一者、老來逼害，磨滅眾生少壯；二者、病來逼害，磨滅眾生調適；三者、死來逼害，磨滅眾生壽命；四者、衰來逼害，磨滅眾生興盛。
「大王當知！譬如師子為眾獸王，入鹿群中搏取一鹿，若啖未啖自在無難。其鹿爾時先所騰勇，入師子口無復能為。如是，大王！一切眾生既入無常師子王口，所有勢力無復能為。
「大王當知！譬如有人勇健多力毒箭所中，一切威猛皆悉摧滅。如是，大王！一切眾生剛強佷戾，死箭所中無復勢力、無復救護、無所歸依、無所投竄，臨欲捨命解支節時，血肉枯竭心
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本： 我所享受的各種欲樂之物，比如象、馬、車、步兵等等，總而言之，都是會墜落、衰敗、斷絕、毀壞、離散的。我的生命也同樣如此。所以，大王！您應該努力修行，隨順無常的觀察、隨順滅盡的觀察，對於自己生命的終結常常感到驚懼。作為大國王，應該用正法治理國家，不要用非法；應該遵循正法行事，不要遵循非法。 大王您應當知道！就像四座大山從四個方向而來，牢固堅實，沒有缺漏，沒有間隙，周匝充遍，總合成為一體，上至虛空，下至地底，其中所有的一切草木枝條花葉，以及各種有情眾生，蠢動的生物，都會被磨滅，難以憑藉勇氣逃避，難以憑藉勢力抗拒，難以憑藉咒術、財貨、藥物來禁止。像這樣，大王！世間有四種大的怖畏之事，各自前來磨滅一切眾生，難以憑藉勇氣逃避，難以憑藉勢力抗拒，難以憑藉咒術、財貨、藥物來禁止。 什麼是四種大的怖畏之事呢？大王您應當知道！一是衰老到來逼迫侵害，磨滅眾生的少壯；二是疾病到來逼迫侵害，磨滅眾生的健康調適；三是死亡到來逼迫侵害，磨滅眾生的壽命；四是衰敗到來逼迫侵害，磨滅眾生的興盛。 大王您應當知道！譬如獅子作為眾獸之王，進入鹿群中捕捉一隻鹿，無論吃或不吃，都自在無礙。那鹿在之前所擁有的騰躍和勇氣，一旦進入獅子的口中，就再也沒有任何作用了。像這樣，大王！一切眾生一旦進入無常這頭獅子王口中，所有的勢力都再也沒有任何作用了。 大王您應當知道！譬如有人勇猛健壯，卻被毒箭射中，一切威猛的力量都會被摧毀。像這樣，大王！一切眾生即使剛強兇狠，一旦被死亡之箭射中，就再也沒有勢力、沒有救護、沒有歸依之處、沒有逃竄的地方，臨近捨棄生命、肢體解散的時候，血肉枯竭，心...
【English Translation】 English version: The various objects of desire and enjoyment that I receive, such as elephants, horses, chariots, infantry, and so on, broadly speaking, are all subject to falling, decay, cessation, destruction, and separation. My own life is also the same. Therefore, O Great King! You should diligently cultivate, contemplate impermanence, contemplate cessation, and always be fearful of the end of your own life. As a great king, you should govern the country with Dharma (正法 - righteous law), not with non-Dharma; you should act in accordance with Dharma, not in accordance with non-Dharma. O Great King, you should know! Just as four great mountains come from four directions, firm and solid, without gaps or leaks, completely filling all around, merging into one whole, reaching up to the sky and down to the earth, and all the grass, trees, branches, leaves, and all sentient beings, including all moving creatures within them, will be crushed, difficult to escape with courage, difficult to resist with power, difficult to prevent with spells, wealth, or medicine. Likewise, O Great King! There are four great fears in the world, each coming to crush all living beings, difficult to escape with courage, difficult to resist with power, difficult to prevent with spells, wealth, or medicine. What are the four great fears? O Great King, you should know! First, the approach of old age oppresses and harms, destroying the youth and strength of beings; second, the approach of illness oppresses and harms, destroying the health and well-being of beings; third, the approach of death oppresses and harms, destroying the lifespan of beings; fourth, the approach of decline oppresses and harms, destroying the prosperity of beings. O Great King, you should know! For example, a lion, as the king of beasts, enters a herd of deer and captures one deer, free to eat it or not. The deer's previous agility and courage are of no use once it is in the lion's mouth. Likewise, O Great King! Once all beings enter the mouth of the lion king of impermanence, all their power is of no use. O Great King, you should know! For example, a brave and strong person, struck by a poisoned arrow, has all their might destroyed. Likewise, O Great King! All beings, even if strong and fierce, once struck by the arrow of death, have no power, no protection, no refuge, no place to escape. Approaching the abandonment of life and the dissolution of limbs, flesh and blood dry up, and the mind...
胸熱惱，焦渴所逼張口大息，手足紛亂無所堪能，無有勢力涎涕交流，大小便利穢污身體，六根閉塞喉顙哽噎喘息逾急，良醫拱手棄諸妙藥。其所飲啖美味珍饌無不悉舍，偃臥床枕臨往異趣淪沒無際，生老病死無常瀑流，至臨終位余命無幾，業有力故後有現前。甚大怖畏琰魔王使，廣大黑闇夜分所吞，出息入息最後將滅，唯獨一身無有第二及余伴侶，奄背此生歸於後世。是大移轉趣大叢林，入大黑闇游大曠野，泛大溟海業風所飄，往無標記冥寞方所，當於爾時無異救護、無異歸依、無異投竄，唯除正法。大王！彼于爾時，唯有正法能為救護、能為宮室、能作歸依，是所奔趣是所投竄，能拔眾生出生死苦。
「大王當知！譬如有人寒苦所逼，唯有暖火日光衣等，所能止息而可獲安；熱苦所逼唯林泉等；若涉遠道唯清涼陰；若渴所逼唯清冷水；若饑所逼唯多美膳，若病所逼惟良醫藥及供侍者；若怖所逼惟強伴侶。如是，大王！一切眾生死箭所中，無復勢力、無復救護、無所歸依、無所投竄，臨欲捨命解支節時，血肉枯竭心胸熱惱，焦渴所逼張口太息，手足紛亂無所堪能，廣說乃至彼于爾時唯有正法，能為救護、能為宮室、能作歸依，是所奔趣是所投竄，能拔眾生出生死苦。所以者何？
「大王當知！如是身者
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本： 胸中煩熱惱悶，被焦渴逼迫而張口喘息，手腳紛亂無所適從，沒有力氣，口水鼻涕交流，大小便失禁弄髒身體，眼耳鼻舌身意六根閉塞，喉嚨哽咽，呼吸越來越急促，即使是高明的醫生也束手無策，放棄了各種靈丹妙藥。他所飲用享用的美味佳餚全部捨棄，只能躺在床上，面臨著前往另一個世界，沉淪於無邊無際的輪迴之中，被生老病死的無常瀑流所吞噬。臨終之際，生命所剩無幾，因為業力的緣故，來世的景像已經顯現。心中充滿極大的恐懼，閻魔王（Yama-raja，掌管死亡的神）的使者出現，廣大的黑暗吞噬著他。呼出的氣息多於吸入的氣息，生命即將終結，唯獨自己孤身一人，沒有其他伴侶，即將告別此生，前往來世。這是一場巨大的遷徙，前往巨大的叢林，進入巨大的黑暗，遊走于廣闊的曠野，漂浮於巨大的海洋，被業力的風所吹動，前往沒有標記、幽暗寂寞的地方。在那個時候，沒有任何救護，沒有任何歸依，沒有任何可以投靠的地方，唯有正法（Dharma，佛法，真理）可以依靠。 大王！在那樣的時刻，唯有正法能夠成為救護，能夠成為宮室，能夠作為歸依，是所奔赴的地方，是所投靠的地方，能夠拔除眾生，使之脫離生死之苦。
大王應當知道！譬如有人被寒冷所逼迫，只有溫暖的火、陽光、衣服等，能夠止息寒冷，使他獲得安寧；被炎熱所逼迫，只有樹林、泉水等能夠帶來清涼；如果需要長途跋涉，只有清涼的樹蔭可以依靠；如果被口渴所逼迫，只有清涼的水可以解渴；如果被飢餓所逼迫，只有豐盛的美味佳餚可以充飢；如果被疾病所逼迫，只有良藥和侍奉的人可以依靠；如果被恐懼所逼迫，只有強大的同伴可以依靠。同樣的，大王！一切眾生被死亡之箭射中，沒有力氣，沒有救護，沒有歸依，沒有可以投靠的地方，面臨著捨棄生命、肢體解散的時候，血肉枯竭，心胸煩熱惱悶，被焦渴逼迫而張口喘息，手腳紛亂無所適從，（重複前文）乃至在那個時候，唯有正法能夠成為救護，能夠成為宮室，能夠作為歸依，是所奔赴的地方，是所投靠的地方，能夠拔除眾生，使之脫離生死之苦。這是為什麼呢？
大王應當知道！這樣的身體……
【English Translation】 English version: His chest is hot and afflicted, tormented by thirst, he gasps for breath with his mouth open, his hands and feet are in disarray, unable to do anything, without any strength, saliva and mucus flow freely, excrement and urine soil his body, the six senses are blocked, his throat is choked, his breathing becomes increasingly rapid, even the best doctors give up, abandoning all miraculous medicines. All the delicious and precious foods he used to eat and drink are now abandoned. He lies on his bed, facing the prospect of going to another realm, sinking into the boundless cycle of rebirth, swallowed by the relentless torrent of birth, old age, sickness, and death. At the moment of death, with little life remaining, due to the power of karma, the next life appears before him. He is filled with great fear, the messengers of Yama-raja (the lord of death) appear, vast darkness swallows him. The outgoing breath exceeds the incoming breath, and life is about to end. He is utterly alone, without any companions, about to leave this life and return to the next. This is a great migration, going to a great forest, entering great darkness, wandering in a vast wilderness, floating on a great ocean, blown by the winds of karma, going to an unmarked, desolate place. At that time, there is no refuge, no reliance, no place to turn, except for the true Dharma (the teachings of the Buddha, the truth). O Great King! At that time, only the true Dharma can be a refuge, can be a palace, can be a reliance, the place to run to, the place to turn to, able to deliver beings from the suffering of birth and death.
O Great King, you should know! For example, if someone is afflicted by the cold, only the warmth of fire, sunlight, clothing, etc., can stop the cold and bring him peace; if afflicted by the heat, only forests and springs can bring coolness; if needing to travel a long distance, only cool shade can be relied upon; if afflicted by thirst, only cool water can quench it; if afflicted by hunger, only abundant and delicious food can satisfy it; if afflicted by illness, only good medicine and attendants can be relied upon; if afflicted by fear, only strong companions can be relied upon. Likewise, O Great King! All beings are struck by the arrow of death, without strength, without refuge, without reliance, without a place to turn, facing the abandonment of life, the disintegration of limbs, the exhaustion of flesh and blood, the heat and affliction in the chest, gasping for breath with their mouths open due to thirst, their hands and feet in disarray, unable to do anything, (repeating the previous passage) even at that time, only the true Dharma can be a refuge, can be a palace, can be a reliance, the place to run to, the place to turn to, able to deliver beings from the suffering of birth and death. Why is this so?
O Great King, you should know! This body is...
，雖加守護雖久洗飾，雖以眾多上妙飲食恣意飽滿，及至臨終，要當不免飢渴所逼而便捨命。
「大王當知！如是身者，雖常澡浴，涂香末香薰香花鬘隨意嚴飾，由此自體穢漏成故，臨捨命時，終必歸於不凈臭穢。
「大王當知！如是身者，雖以種種上妙衣服覆蔽纏裹，由此自身諸不凈物所合成故，于命終時，要當不凈種種流出。
「大王當知！如是身者，雖處宮室后妃婇女內官美人眷屬圍繞，作眾伎樂種種倡伎，以自娛樂歡喜快樂，臨命終時，自見惡相，要當驚怖憂悲苦惱。
「大王當知！如是身者，雖處宮室彩飾圖畫殿閣樓臺，戶牖軒窗重關密掩，種種香花以自嚴飾，種種燈燭增光照明，施設珍奇屏障帷幄，燒眾名香散諸妙花，香花寶瓶處處陳列，安置種種金銀琉璃眾寶床座，敷設上妙氍氀錦繡文蓐花氈，床座兩頭俱置丹枕，覆以上妙綺帊錦衾，寤寐安寢歡娛耽著，于命終后無所覺知，或送屍骸置於葬所，烏鵲雕鷲狐狼野干，餓狗鴟梟諸惡禽獸爭共食啖，骨肉膿血鬚髮糞穢，流溢地上臭處可惡。
「大王當知！如是身者，先常乘馭香象駿馬眾寶輦輿，擊鼓吹貝作大音樂，眾寶傘蓋隨侍於後，執持扇拂掩映搖動，無量勇健象軍馬軍車軍步軍導從前後，防衛左右百千臣僚竭誠敬奉，城
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本：即使加以守護，即使長久洗滌裝飾，即使用眾多上妙的飲食隨意飽滿它，等到臨終的時候，終究不能免除飢渴的逼迫而捨棄性命。 大王應當知道！這樣的身體，即使經常洗澡，塗抹香末、薰香、花鬘，隨意地裝飾，由於自身穢漏的緣故，臨捨棄性命的時候，終究必定歸於不凈臭穢。 大王應當知道！這樣的身體，即使用種種上妙的衣服覆蓋纏裹，由於自身由各種不凈之物所合成的緣故，在命終的時候，必定有各種不凈之物流出。 大王應當知道！這樣的身體，即使身處宮室，有後妃、婇女、內官、美人等眷屬圍繞，演奏各種伎樂、種種歌舞，以此自我娛樂，歡喜快樂，臨命終的時候，自己見到惡相，必定驚怖憂愁苦惱。 大王應當知道！這樣的身體，即使身處宮室，用彩飾圖畫裝飾的殿閣樓臺，門戶窗戶重重關閉，用各種香花來裝飾自己，用各種燈燭增加光亮照明，設定珍奇的屏障帷幕，焚燒各種名香，散佈各種妙花，香花寶瓶處處陳列，安置各種金銀琉璃眾寶床座，鋪設上妙的氍毹、錦繡文蓐、花氈，床座兩頭都放置丹枕，覆蓋以上妙的綺帕錦衾，睡臥安寢，歡娛耽樂，在命終之後，就什麼都不知道了，或者把屍骸送到葬所，烏鴉、喜鵲、雕、鷲、狐貍、豺狼、野狗、鴟梟等各種惡禽猛獸爭相食啖，骨肉膿血、鬚髮糞穢，流溢在地上，臭氣熏天，令人厭惡。 大王應當知道！這樣的身體，先前常常乘坐香象、駿馬、眾寶輦輿，敲鼓吹貝，演奏盛大的音樂，眾寶傘蓋在後面隨侍，執持扇子拂塵掩映搖動，無數勇健的象軍、馬軍、車軍、步軍導從前後，防衛左右，成百上千的臣僚竭誠敬奉，城
【English Translation】 English version: Though guarded, though long washed and adorned, though filled at will with many supreme and wonderful foods, yet when approaching the end of life, one will inevitably be unable to avoid the pangs of hunger and thirst, and will then abandon life. Great King, you should know! Such a body, though constantly bathed, anointed with fragrant powders, incense, garlands, and adorned at will, because of its inherent impurity and leakage, when abandoning life, will ultimately return to impurity and foulness. Great King, you should know! Such a body, though covered and wrapped with various supreme and wonderful garments, because it is composed of various impure substances, at the time of death, various impure things will inevitably flow out. Great King, you should know! Such a body, though dwelling in palaces, surrounded by consorts, concubines, inner officials, beautiful women, and relatives, with various musical performances and diverse entertainments, enjoying oneself with joy and pleasure, when approaching the end of life, upon seeing ominous signs, one will inevitably be terrified, sorrowful, distressed, and afflicted. Great King, you should know! Such a body, though dwelling in palaces, decorated with painted pavilions, towers, and terraces, with doors and windows closely sealed, adorned with various fragrant flowers, with various lamps and candles increasing light and illumination, with precious screens and curtains set up, burning various famous incenses, scattering various wonderful flowers, with fragrant flower vases arranged everywhere, with various gold, silver, lapis lazuli, and jeweled beds and seats placed, spread with supreme and wonderful rugs, brocades, embroidered cushions, and floral mats, with crimson pillows placed at both ends of the beds and seats, covered with supreme and wonderful damask cloths and brocade quilts, sleeping peacefully and indulging in pleasure, after the end of life, one will have no awareness, or the corpse will be sent to the burial ground, where crows, magpies, eagles, vultures, foxes, jackals, wild dogs, owls, and various evil birds and beasts will compete to devour it, with bones, flesh, pus, blood, hair, and excrement flowing onto the ground, a foul and disgusting place. Great King, you should know! Such a body, previously riding on fragrant elephants, swift horses, and jeweled palanquins, beating drums and blowing conches, making great music, with jeweled umbrellas attending behind, holding fans and whisks, shading and waving, with countless brave elephant troops, horse troops, chariot troops, and infantry leading the way, guarding the front and back, protecting the left and right, with hundreds and thousands of officials sincerely revering and serving, the city
邑士庶合掌驚歎。雖受如是勝妙果報自在榮華，不久要當瞑目辟手無復動搖，橫屍偃仰喪車輿上，眾人荷挽出大城門，父母妻子兄弟姊妹作使僮僕群僚輔佐，親屬內人隨從左右，心纏憂惱頭髮被散，舉手拍頭椎胸悲噎，哀感崩慟皆言：『苦哉！』城邑國人睹之號慕。隨送葬所，或有露屍施諸禽獸，鳥鵲餓狗雕鷲鴟梟，狐狼野干及諸惡獸，楂掣食啖骨肉狼籍，風飄日曝雨漬霜封，支節解散零落異所；或有積薪以火焚葬，筋骨焦爛血肉消化，臭煙熢㶿四面充塞，火滅骨消灰飛塵散；或有掘地埋殯墳陵，經歷多時肉消骨腐。
「大王當知！此身如是變壞無常，一切眾生及以諸行皆悉如是，非常非恒不可保信，皆變易法迅速不停，流轉移動終歸壞滅，唸唸遷謝后為灰燼，究竟同趣滅盡之門，是失壞法，有諸怖畏有諸災橫多諸愁惱，皆是墜墮零落斷壞離散之法。
「是故，大王！應善勤修，隨無常觀、隨盡滅觀，勿為貪慾之所染污，勿為瞋恚之所鼓動，勿為愚癡之所覆蔽，勿復耽染王富貴樂，勿復耽染王自在樂，勿復耽染王愛慾樂，勿復耽染及余所受諸欲樂具。應當滅除財命憍逸，應當驚懼無常死魔，不與人期奄忽而至。為大國主，應以正法勿以非法，應隨法行勿隨非法，應愍眾生皆如一子，應當至誠護持佛法，紹
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本
城中的官吏和平民百姓合掌驚歎。即使享受如此殊勝美妙的果報，擁有自在的榮華富貴，不久也要閉上眼睛，鬆開雙手，再也不能動彈，橫屍倒臥在喪車上，眾人抬著拉著，擡出大城門。父母、妻子、兄弟、姐妹、使女、僮僕、眾多官僚輔佐，親屬家人跟隨在左右，心中充滿憂愁煩惱，披散著頭髮，舉手拍頭，捶胸悲傷哭泣，哀痛欲絕，都說：『苦啊！』城裡的人們看到這種情景，都悲嘆羨慕。跟隨送到埋葬的地方，有的人將屍體暴露在外，施捨給各種禽獸，鳥鵲、餓狗、雕鷲、鴟梟（貓頭鷹），狐貍、狼、野干以及各種惡獸，爭搶撕咬，吞食血肉，骨頭散亂，被風吹日曬，被雨淋霜凍，肢體關節解散，零落各處；有的人堆積柴火用火焚燒埋葬，筋骨燒焦腐爛，血肉消化，臭氣濃煙四面瀰漫，火滅后骨頭消失，灰飛煙滅；有的人挖掘土地埋葬，經過很長時間，肉體消爛，骨頭腐朽。
『大王您應當知道！這身體就是這樣變壞無常，一切眾生以及一切行為都是這樣，不是永恒不變的，不可靠不可信，都是變化容易的，迅速不停留，流轉移動最終歸於壞滅，唸唸遷謝，最終化為灰燼，最終都趨向于滅盡之門，這是喪失毀壞之法，有各種恐怖畏懼，有各種災禍橫生，有很多憂愁煩惱，都是墜落、零落、斷絕、毀壞、離散之法。
『因此，大王！您應當好好勤奮修行，隨順無常之觀、隨順盡滅之觀，不要被貪慾所染污，不要被嗔恚所鼓動，不要被愚癡所矇蔽，不要再沉溺於王者的富貴快樂，不要再沉溺於王者的自在快樂，不要再沉溺於王者的愛慾快樂，不要再沉溺於其他所享受的各種欲樂。應當滅除因財富和壽命而產生的驕慢放逸，應當驚懼無常的死魔，不與人約定時間，突然降臨。作為大國的君主，應當以正法治理國家，不要以非法治理國家，應當隨順正法而行，不要隨順非法而行，應當憐憫眾生，都像對待自己的孩子一樣，應當至誠地護持佛法，繼承』
【English Translation】 English version
The officials and common people of the city, with their palms together, exclaimed in astonishment. Although enjoying such supreme and wonderful karmic rewards, possessing free and glorious wealth, before long they must close their eyes, release their hands, and be unable to move again, lying prostrate on the funeral carriage. The people carry and pull it, taking it out of the great city gate. Parents, wives, brothers, sisters, maids, servants, numerous officials and assistants, relatives and family members follow on the left and right, their hearts filled with sorrow and distress, their hair disheveled, raising their hands to beat their heads, pounding their chests, weeping with grief, lamenting and wailing, all saying: 'How bitter!' The people of the city, seeing this scene, all lament and envy. Following to the burial place, some expose the corpse to the elements, giving it as alms to various birds and beasts, crows, magpies, hungry dogs, eagles, vultures, owls, foxes, wolves, jackals, and various evil beasts, who fight and tear at it, devouring flesh and blood, bones scattered in disarray, exposed to wind and sun, soaked by rain and frost, limbs and joints disintegrating, scattered in different places; some pile up firewood and cremate it, sinews and bones charred and rotten, flesh and blood digested, foul smoke filling all directions, after the fire goes out, the bones disappear, ashes fly and dust scatters; some dig the earth to bury the body in a tomb, after a long time, the flesh decays, the bones rot.
'Great King, you should know! This body is thus subject to decay and impermanence, all sentient beings and all actions are like this, not eternal and unchanging, unreliable and untrustworthy, all are subject to change, swiftly unceasing, flowing and moving, ultimately returning to destruction, moment by moment passing away, ultimately turning to ashes, ultimately all heading towards the gate of extinction, this is the law of loss and destruction, there are various terrors and fears, there are various calamities and misfortunes, there are many sorrows and afflictions, all are laws of falling, scattering, severing, destruction, and separation.
'Therefore, Great King! You should diligently cultivate, follow the contemplation of impermanence, follow the contemplation of extinction, do not be defiled by greed, do not be agitated by anger, do not be obscured by ignorance, do not indulge in the royal wealth and pleasure, do not indulge in the royal freedom and pleasure, do not indulge in the royal pleasure of love and desire, do not indulge in other various pleasures and enjoyments. You should eliminate arrogance and negligence arising from wealth and life, you should fear the impermanent death-mara (death-demon), who arrives suddenly without making an appointment. As the ruler of a great kingdom, you should govern the country with the Dharma (law/teachings), not with non-Dharma, you should act in accordance with the Dharma, not in accordance with non-Dharma, you should have compassion for all sentient beings, treating them all like your own children, you should sincerely uphold the Buddha-Dharma (Buddha's teachings), continue'
隆三寶勿復余顧。所以者何？生死海中流轉無始，唯佛正法是大津樑，千萬億劫實難值故。
「大王當知！我終不說獲得世間諸欲樂具，積聚受用名富貴者，我說獲得諸佛正法聖慧財寶積聚受用，乃名圓滿真富貴者。是故，大王！應當厭離世間所有諸欲樂具，應當愿求諸佛正法聖慧財寶。」
時薄伽梵說是經已，憍薩羅主勝軍大王，及諸世間天人等眾，聞佛所說皆大歡喜，信受奉行。
如來示教勝軍王經
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本：不再顧慮隆三寶（指佛、法、僧三寶）。為什麼呢？因為在生死輪迴的大海中流轉是沒有開始的，只有佛的正法才是巨大的橋樑，千百萬億劫都難以遇到啊。
『大王您應當知道！我最終不會說獲得世間的各種慾望享樂，積聚受用就叫做富貴，我說的是獲得諸佛的正法和聖慧的財寶，積聚受用，才叫做圓滿真正的富貴。因此，大王！您應當厭離世間所有各種慾望享樂，應當希望追求諸佛的正法和聖慧的財寶。』
當時，薄伽梵（Bhagavan，世尊）說完這部經后，憍薩羅（Kosala）國的國王勝軍大王，以及世間的天人等大眾，聽聞佛所說的都非常歡喜，信受奉行。
《如來示教勝軍王經》
【English Translation】 English version: Do not again concern yourself with the Three Jewels (referring to Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha). Why is that? Because wandering in the sea of birth and death has no beginning, only the Buddha's true Dharma is a great ferry, truly difficult to encounter in countless millions of kalpas.
'Great King, you should know! I will ultimately not say that obtaining worldly desires and pleasures, accumulating and enjoying them, is called wealth and nobility. I say that obtaining the true Dharma of all Buddhas and the treasures of sacred wisdom, accumulating and enjoying them, is called complete and true wealth and nobility. Therefore, Great King! You should be disgusted with all worldly desires and pleasures, and you should wish to seek the true Dharma of all Buddhas and the treasures of sacred wisdom.'
At that time, after the Bhagavan (Bhagavan, The Blessed One) finished speaking this sutra, King Prasenajit (King Shengjun) of Kosala (Kosala), and the great assembly of gods and humans in the world, all rejoiced greatly upon hearing what the Buddha said, and faithfully accepted and practiced it.
The Sutra of the Tathagata's Teaching to King Prasenajit