T14n0518_佛說旃陀越國王經
大正藏第 14 冊 No. 0518 佛說旃陀越國王經
No. 518
佛說旃陀越國王經
宋居士沮渠京聲譯
聞如是：
一時，佛在舍衛國祇樹給孤獨園，與千二百五十比丘俱。
時有國王，號名旃陀越，奉事婆羅門道，王治國政輒任用諸婆羅門。
王小夫人，特見珍重，時兼娠。諸夫人憎嫉之，以金賜婆羅門，令譖之於王言：「此人兇惡，若其生子，必為國患。」
王聞之，甚愁憂不樂，問婆羅門言：「當如之何？」
婆羅門言：「唯當並殺之耳。」
王言：「人命至重，何可殺之？」
報言：「若不殺者，必有亡國喪身之憂，禍不細也。」
王便聽用其言，遂見抂殺，便葬埋之。
兒後於冢中生，其母半身不朽，兒得飲其湩，乃至三年，其冢崩陷，兒后得出，與鳥獸共戲，暮即還冢中宿。
兒時年六歲，佛以普慈，念其勤苦與鳥獸同群，即化為沙門，被服往呼，問之言：「汝是誰家子？居在何處？」
兒歡喜報言：「我無家居，但棲宿此冢中耳，今乞隨道人去。」
佛言：「汝隨我去，何等為乎？」
兒報言：「我今善惡，終當隨道人。」
佛便將其到祇洹中，見諸比丘威儀
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本 佛說旃陀越國王經
宋居士沮渠京聲譯
我是這樣聽說的：
一時，佛陀在舍衛國（Śrāvastī）的祇樹給孤獨園（Jetavana Anāthapiṇḍada-ārāma），與一千二百五十位比丘在一起。
當時有一位國王，名叫旃陀越（Candrauta），信奉婆羅門教，國王治理國家政事總是任用各位婆羅門。
國王的小夫人，特別受珍視，當時懷有身孕。其他夫人們嫉妒她，用金錢賄賂婆羅門，讓他們在國王面前說她的壞話，說：『這個人兇惡，如果她生下兒子，必定成為國家的禍患。』
國王聽了這些話，非常憂愁不快樂，問婆羅門說：『應當怎麼辦呢？』
婆羅門說：『只有把她一起殺掉。』
國王說：『人命至關重要，怎麼可以殺害呢？』
婆羅門回答說：『如果不殺掉她，必定有亡國喪身的憂患，禍事不小啊。』
國王便聽從了他們的話，於是冤枉地把她殺害了，然後埋葬了她。
孩子後來在墳墓中出生，他的母親半身沒有腐爛，孩子得以吸吮她的乳汁，直到三年。後來墳墓崩塌陷落，孩子才得以出來，與鳥獸一起玩耍，晚上就回到墳墓中睡覺。
孩子當時六歲，佛陀以普遍的慈悲心，憐憫他勤勞困苦，與鳥獸同群，就化身為沙門（Śrāmaṇa），穿著僧服前去呼喚他，問他說：『你是誰家的孩子？住在哪裡？』
孩子歡喜地回答說：『我沒有家，只是棲息住在這墳墓中，現在我願意跟隨道人離去。』
佛陀說：『你跟隨我離去，要做什麼呢？』
孩子回答說：『我現在知道什麼是善，什麼是惡，我最終會跟隨道人的。』
佛陀便帶他到祇洹精舍（Jetavana），讓他見各位比丘的威儀。
【English Translation】 English version Fo Shuo Zhan Tuo Yue Guo Wang Jing (The Buddha Speaks of King Candrauta Sutra)
Translated by Layman Juqu Jingsheng of the Song Dynasty
Thus have I heard:
At one time, the Buddha was in the Jetavana Anāthapiṇḍada-ārāma (祇樹給孤獨園) in Śrāvastī (舍衛國), together with twelve hundred and fifty Bhikshus.
At that time, there was a king named Candrauta (旃陀越), who revered the Brahmanical path. The king always employed various Brahmins in governing the affairs of the state.
The king's junior consort was especially cherished and was then pregnant. The other consorts were jealous of her and bribed the Brahmins with gold, instructing them to slander her before the king, saying, 'This person is fierce and evil. If she gives birth to a son, he will surely become a calamity for the country.'
Upon hearing this, the king was very worried and unhappy. He asked the Brahmins, 'What should be done?'
The Brahmins said, 'The only thing to do is to kill her.'
The king said, 'Human life is of utmost importance. How can she be killed?'
They replied, 'If you do not kill her, there will surely be worries of losing the country and your life. The calamity is not small.'
The king then listened to their words and unjustly had her killed and buried.
Later, the child was born in the tomb. Half of his mother's body had not decayed, and the child was able to drink her milk for three years. Later, the tomb collapsed, and the child was able to come out. He played with birds and beasts and returned to the tomb to sleep at night.
When the child was six years old, the Buddha, with universal compassion, mindful of his diligence and suffering, living among birds and beasts, transformed into a Śrāmaṇa (沙門), wearing monastic robes, and went to call him, asking, 'Whose child are you? Where do you live?'
The child joyfully replied, 'I have no home, but only dwell in this tomb. Now I beg to follow the Daoist.'
The Buddha said, 'If you follow me, what will you do?'
The child replied, 'Now I know what is good and what is evil, and I will eventually follow the Daoist.'
The Buddha then took him to Jetavana (祇洹精舍) and showed him the dignified conduct of the Bhikshus.
法則，意甚樂之，便白佛言：「我欲乞作比丘。」
佛即聽之，以手摩其頭，發墮袈裟自然著身，名為須陀，從佛受尊戒，勤意精進，心不懈怠，七日便得羅漢道。
佛語須陀：「從佛受尊戒，拔欲之根本，生死得自在，今宜往度彼旃陀越王。」
須陀承佛教，頭面著地，為佛作禮，往到其國，住在宮門，請見於王。臣下白王言：「外有道人，乞欲見王。」
王聞之即出，與相見，問言：「我大有所憂者，當如之何？」
道人言：「何所憂耶？」
王言：「我年已長，且欲過時，國無續嗣，為之愁憂。」
道人聞王語，初不應之獨笑而已。王便恚言：「我與道人語，初不答我，而反獨笑。」即欲治殺之。
須陀知其意，便輕舉飛翔，上住空中，分身散體出入無間。王見其威神變化，即恐怖悔過言：「我實愚癡，不別真偽，唯愿大神一還，令我得自歸命。」
須陀即從空中下住王前，謂王言：「若能自歸甚善，當自歸於佛，佛是我大師，三界之尊，度脫眾生。」
王便敕群臣，嚴駕當到佛所，須陀便以道力，如申臂頃，將王及人民，俱到佛所，頭面著地，為佛作禮，歸命三尊，乞受五戒，為優婆塞。
佛告王言：「欲知比丘須陀者，是王昔所用婆
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本：須陀聽聞佛陀所說的法則，心中非常歡喜，於是對佛說：『我想要請求出家做比丘。』 佛陀立刻答應了他，用手摩他的頭，他的頭髮自然脫落，袈裟自然穿在身上，（佛）給他取名為須陀（Suddha，意為『純凈』），跟隨佛陀受持尊貴的戒律，勤奮精進，內心不懈怠，七天就證得了阿羅漢果位。 佛陀對須陀說：『你從我這裡受持尊貴的戒律，拔除了慾望的根本，生死獲得了自在，現在應該去度化那旃陀越王（Candaka，人名）。』 須陀接受了佛陀的教誨，頭面著地，向佛陀行禮，前往那個國家，住在王宮門口，請求會見國王。臣下稟告國王說：『外面有個道人，請求要見您。』 國王聽了之後就出來，與他相見，問道：『我有很多憂慮的事情，應該怎麼辦呢？』 道人說：『您有什麼憂慮呢？』 國王說：『我年紀已經大了，快要過世了，國家沒有繼承人，為此感到愁憂。』 道人聽了國王的話，起初沒有回答，只是獨自發笑。國王便生氣地說：『我和道人說話，他一開始不回答我，反而獨自發笑。』就想要懲罰殺了他。 須陀知道國王的心意，便輕輕地飛起來，停留在空中，分身散體，出入無間。國王看到他威神變化，立刻感到恐懼，懺悔過錯說：『我實在愚癡，不辨別真假，只希望大神能夠回來，讓我能夠歸依。』 須陀立刻從空中下來，站在國王面前，對國王說：『如果能夠歸依是很好的，應當歸依佛陀，佛陀是我的大師，是三界中最尊貴的，能夠度脫眾生。』 國王便命令群臣，準備車駕前往佛陀所在的地方，須陀便用他的道力，像伸開手臂那麼短的時間，將國王和人民，一起帶到佛陀所在的地方，頭面著地，向佛陀行禮，歸依三寶，請求受持五戒，成為優婆塞（Upasaka，在家男居士）。 佛陀告訴國王說：『想要知道比丘須陀是誰嗎？他是你過去所任用的婆羅門（Brahmana，古印度僧侶）。』
【English Translation】 English version: Suddha, hearing the Dharma spoken by the Buddha, was very delighted in his heart, and then said to the Buddha: 'I wish to request to become a Bhikshu (monk).' The Buddha immediately agreed to him, stroked his head with his hand, his hair naturally fell off, and the Kasaya (袈裟，monk's robe) naturally put on his body. (The Buddha) gave him the name Suddha (meaning 'pure'), followed the Buddha to receive the noble precepts, diligently practiced with vigor, his mind was not懈怠(lazy), and in seven days he attained the state of Arhat (羅漢，one who has attained Nirvana). The Buddha said to Suddha: 'You have received the noble precepts from me, uprooted the root of desire, and obtained freedom in life and death. Now you should go and liberate that King Candaka (人名，personal name).' Suddha accepted the Buddha's teachings, prostrated himself with his head to the ground, paid homage to the Buddha, went to that country, stayed at the palace gate, and requested to see the king. The ministers reported to the king: 'There is a 道人(Taoist/religious person) outside, requesting to see you.' After hearing this, the king came out and met him, asking: 'I have many worries, what should I do?' The 道人(Taoist/religious person) said: 'What are your worries?' The king said: 'I am already old and about to pass away, and the country has no successor, which makes me worried.' The 道人(Taoist/religious person), after hearing the king's words, did not answer at first, but just laughed to himself. The king then angrily said: 'I am talking to the 道人(Taoist/religious person), but he doesn't answer me at first, but laughs to himself instead.' He then wanted to punish and kill him. Suddha, knowing the king's intention, lightly flew up and stayed in the air, dividing his body and scattering his limbs, entering and exiting without obstruction. The king, seeing his majestic and divine transformations, immediately felt fear and repented of his mistakes, saying: 'I am truly foolish, unable to distinguish between truth and falsehood, I only hope that the great deity can return, so that I can take refuge.' Suddha immediately came down from the air and stood in front of the king, saying to the king: 'If you can take refuge, it is very good, you should take refuge in the Buddha, the Buddha is my master, the most noble in the three realms, and can liberate all beings.' The king then ordered his ministers to prepare carriages and go to where the Buddha was. Suddha then used his spiritual power, in the time it takes to stretch out an arm, brought the king and the people together to where the Buddha was, prostrated themselves with their heads to the ground, paid homage to the Buddha, took refuge in the Three Jewels, and requested to receive the Five Precepts, becoming Upasaka (在家男居士，layman). The Buddha told the king: 'Do you want to know who the Bhikshu (monk) Suddha is? He is the Brahmana (古印度僧侶，ancient Indian priest) you used to employ.'
羅門言譖，殺兼娠者子也。母死之後，子于冢中生，冢中母半身不朽，得飲其湩，乃至六年，今隨我為道，乃致於此。」
王聞佛言，更恐怖不能自勝。
佛言：「昔拘先尼佛世，有國王號名佛舍達，王及國中三億人，皆隨王供養三尊。時有凡人，居貧無業，常為國中富姓賃放牧，養牛數百頭。見王及人民供養比丘僧，即問言：『卿等何所為乎？』人民答言：『吾等供養三尊，后當得其福。』即復問言：『得何等福耶？』人民報言：『人有凈心施三尊者，后所在處安樂尊貴，無有勤苦。』即念言：『我居貧窮，但賃放牧，自無飲食，當何以施？』即念言：『唯當還取牛湩，煎以為酪酥，凈心上比丘。』比丘僧咒愿言：『令汝世世所在處當得其福，自後展轉更生死，輒受其福，或上為諸天，或下為王侯。』
「乃后為王時出遊獵，見國中人有好牸牛懷犢，王便令人取牛殺之。夫人語王：『莫令人殺其子也。』時牛主追還，破取其子養護之。其主恚言：『當令王如此牛也。』自後魂神來為王作子，時未出生，母為王所殺。欲知須陀者即是也；須陀母見抂殺者，則是時王夫人也；婆羅門者牛主是也。須陀所以于冢中生，其母半身不朽，得飲其湩以自長大者，由其宿命以酪酥上比丘僧故。」
佛言：
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本：婆羅門說人壞話，（國王）殺死了懷有身孕的婦女的胎兒。母親死後，孩子在墳墓中出生，墳墓中母親的半身沒有腐爛，（孩子）得以吸吮母親的乳汁，直到六年。現在跟隨我修行，才到了這裡。」
國王聽了佛的話，更加恐懼，無法自制。
佛說：『過去拘先尼佛（Kakusandha Buddha）在世時，有一位國王名叫佛舍達（Buddhasdata），國王和國內三億人都跟隨國王供養三寶（佛、法、僧）。當時有一個普通人，居住貧窮沒有職業，經常為國內的富人租用放牧，養牛幾百頭。看見國王和人民供養比丘僧，就問：『你們在做什麼？』人民回答說：『我們供養三寶，以後會得到福報。』又問：『得到什麼福報呢？』人民回答說：『人有清凈心供養三寶，以後無論在哪裡都安樂尊貴，沒有勤勞辛苦。』就想：『我居住貧窮，只是租用放牧，自己沒有飲食，用什麼來佈施呢？』就想：『只有拿回牛奶，煎熬成為酪酥，用清凈心供養比丘。』比丘僧咒愿說：『讓你世世代代無論在哪裡都得到福報，從那以後輾轉生死，就接受那福報，或者上生為諸天，或者下生為王侯。』
後來做國王時出外打獵，看見國內的人家有好母牛懷著小牛，國王就讓人把牛抓來殺了。夫人對國王說：『不要讓人殺死小牛啊。』當時牛的主人追回來，剖開（牛腹）取出小牛養護它。牛的主人怨恨地說：『當讓國王像這頭牛一樣。』從那以後魂神來做國王的兒子，當時還沒有出生，母親就被國王殺害了。想要知道須陀（Sudatta）就是他；須陀的母親被冤枉殺害，就是當時的國王夫人；婆羅門就是牛的主人。須陀所以在墳墓中出生，他的母親半身沒有腐爛，得以吸吮母親的乳汁而長大，是因為他前世用酪酥供養比丘僧的緣故。』
佛說：
【English Translation】 English version: The Brahman slandered, killing the child of a pregnant woman. After the mother died, the child was born in the tomb. The mother's half-body in the tomb did not decay, and he was able to drink her milk for six years. Now he follows me in the path, and that's how he came to be here.'
The king, hearing the Buddha's words, was even more terrified and could not control himself.
The Buddha said, 'In the past, during the time of Kakusandha Buddha, there was a king named Buddhasdata. The king and three hundred million people in the country all followed the king in making offerings to the Three Jewels (Buddha, Dharma, Sangha). At that time, there was an ordinary person who lived in poverty and had no occupation. He was often hired by wealthy families in the country to graze hundreds of cattle. Seeing the king and the people making offerings to the Bhikkhu Sangha, he asked, 'What are you doing?' The people replied, 'We are making offerings to the Three Jewels, and we will receive blessings in the future.' He then asked, 'What kind of blessings will you receive?' The people replied, 'Those who offer to the Three Jewels with a pure heart will be peaceful, happy, and honored wherever they are in the future, without toil or hardship.' He thought, 'I live in poverty and am only hired to graze cattle. I have no food or drink myself, so what can I offer?' He then thought, 'I should take back the cow's milk, boil it into clarified butter (ghee), and offer it to the Bhikkhus with a pure heart.' The Bhikkhu Sangha blessed him, saying, 'May you receive blessings in every life and in every place. From then on, through successive rebirths, you will receive those blessings, either ascending to the heavens or descending to be kings and nobles.'
Later, when he was a king, he went out hunting and saw a good cow in the country pregnant with a calf. The king ordered people to seize the cow and kill it. The queen said to the king, 'Do not let them kill the calf.' At that time, the owner of the cow chased after them, cut open (the cow's belly), and took out the calf to raise it. The owner of the cow resentfully said, 'May the king be like this cow.' From then on, his spirit came to be the king's son. At that time, he was not yet born, and his mother was killed by the king. Know that Sudatta is he; Sudatta's mother, who was unjustly killed, was the queen of that time; the Brahman was the owner of the cow. The reason why Sudatta was born in the tomb, and his mother's half-body did not decay, and he was able to drink her milk and grow up, was because in his past life he offered clarified butter to the Bhikkhu Sangha.'
The Buddha said:
「罪福響應，如影隨形，未有為善不得福，行惡不受殃者。」
王聞佛說經，意解即得須陀洹道，國中人民皆隨王奉五戒，行十善，歸命三尊，或有得須陀洹、斯陀含、阿那含、阿羅漢者。四輩弟子、天龍鬼神，聞經歡喜，前為佛作禮而去。
佛說旃陀越國王經
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本： 罪與福的報應，就像影子跟隨形體一樣，從來沒有做善事而得不到福報，做了惡事而不遭受災禍的。
國王聽聞佛陀講經，心領神會，當下證得須陀洹道（Sotapanna，入流果）。國內的百姓都跟隨國王奉行五戒（Panca-sila），修持十善（Dasa-kusala），歸依三寶（Ti-ratana）。其中有人證得須陀洹（Sotapanna，入流果）、斯陀含（Sakadagami，一來果）、阿那含（Anagami，不還果）、阿羅漢（Arahat，無學果）。四眾弟子（比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷）、天龍鬼神，聽聞佛陀所說的經典，都非常歡喜，上前向佛陀頂禮后離去。
《佛說旃陀越國王經》
【English Translation】 English version: The response of sin and merit is like a shadow following a form. There has never been a case of doing good without receiving blessings, or committing evil without suffering calamity.
When the king heard the Buddha preach the Dharma, he understood its meaning and immediately attained the Sotapanna path (Sotapanna, Stream-enterer). The people in the kingdom all followed the king in observing the five precepts (Panca-sila), practicing the ten virtues (Dasa-kusala), and taking refuge in the Three Jewels (Ti-ratana). Among them, some attained Sotapanna (Sotapanna, Stream-enterer), Sakadagami (Sakadagami, Once-returner), Anagami (Anagami, Non-returner), and Arhat (Arahat, Worthy One). The fourfold assembly of disciples (bhikkhus, bhikkhunis, upasakas, and upasikas), as well as devas, nagas, and spirits, rejoiced upon hearing the sutra spoken by the Buddha, stepped forward to pay homage to the Buddha, and departed.
'The Sutra Spoken by the Buddha on King Candaka'