T14n0537_佛說越難經
大正藏第 14 冊 No. 0537 佛說越難經
No. 537
佛說越難經
西晉居士聶承遠譯
聞如是：
一時，佛在波羅奈私國，賢者飛鳥聚。
彼時，國中有四姓長者，名曰越難，大豪富珍奇珠寶、牛馬、田宅甚眾多。難為人慳貪嫉妒，不通道德、不喜佈施。日未沒，常敕門監，有來乞丐者，勿得通也。
難有一子，名曰栴檀，亦復慳貪。難后壽盡，還生其國中，為盲乞婦作子。其夫言：「汝身有重病，今復懷軀，我貧窮無以衣食，汝便自去。」
婦受教出門外，未遠得大聚糞，便止其中。至九月生一子，兩目復盲，其母行乞食養之。至年七歲，其母言：「我養汝大久，且自行拄杖，取食器行乞，當自悲言：『世間貧者最為苦惱，今我薄命生貧家，兩目復盲無所見，復為人所輕易，今有乞我少所飲食，愈我饑者，譬如天雨，渴者得飲。』」
兒聞母說如是，便行家家乞丐，復到栴檀家。其子適到，時守門者適小出，盲兒徑入前到中庭，如母教說之。
時，栴檀在高觀上聞其語，大怒呼守門者問之：「誰內此盲乞兒者？」門監大恐怖，即牽盲兒撲于門外，傷其頭面，復折右臂，壞其食器飯散其地，身體大痛。
兒呼悲啼，其
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本 《佛說越難經》
西晉居士聶承遠譯
我聽到的是這樣的：
一時，佛陀在波羅奈私國（Bārāṇasī，古印度城市，是佛教最早傳播的地方之一），賢者和飛鳥聚集。
當時，國中有四姓長者，名叫越難（Yuenan），極其豪富，擁有無數珍奇珠寶、牛馬、田地和宅院。越難為人慳吝貪婪，嫉妒他人，不相通道德，也不喜歡佈施。每天太陽還沒落山，就常常告誡門監，有來乞討的人，一律不得放進來。
越難有一個兒子，名叫栴檀（Zhantan），也同樣慳吝貪婪。越難後來壽命終盡，又轉生到本國，成為一個盲乞婦的兒子。乞婦的丈夫說：『你身患重病，現在又懷著身孕，我貧窮得沒有衣食，你還是自己離開吧。』
乞婦聽從了丈夫的話，出門沒走多遠，發現一大堆糞便，便停留在那裡。到了九個月，生下一個兒子，兩眼又是瞎的。他的母親靠乞討食物來養活他。到七歲時，他的母親說：『我養你很久了，你暫且自己拄著枴杖，拿著食器去乞討吧，應當自己悲哀地說：『世間貧窮的人最為苦惱，現在我命運不好，生在貧窮的家庭，兩眼又是瞎的，什麼也看不見，又被人輕視，現在如果有人乞給我少許飲食，解除我的飢餓，那就像天降甘霖，乾渴的人得到了飲用。』』
兒子聽了母親這樣說，便挨家挨戶地乞討，又來到了栴檀家。他的兒子剛到，當時守門的人正好稍微出去了一下，盲童直接走進去，來到中庭，按照母親教他的話說了出來。
當時，栴檀在高高的樓臺上聽到了他的話，非常生氣，呼喊守門的人，問他：『是誰放這個盲乞丐進來的？』門監非常害怕，立即抓住盲童，把他摔到門外，傷了他的頭和臉，又打斷了他的右臂，打壞了他的食器，飯撒了一地，盲童身體非常疼痛。
盲童呼喊悲啼，他的
【English Translation】 English version The Buddha Speaks of Yuenan Sutra
Translated by Layman Nie Chengyuan of the Western Jin Dynasty
Thus have I heard:
At one time, the Buddha was in the country of Bārāṇasī (ancient Indian city, one of the earliest places where Buddhism spread), where sages and flying birds gathered.
At that time, in the country, there was an elder of the four castes named Yuenan, who was extremely wealthy, possessing countless rare jewels, cattle, horses, fields, and houses. Yuenan was a miserly, greedy, and jealous person who did not believe in morality and did not like to give alms. Before sunset every day, he would often instruct the gatekeeper not to let any beggars in.
Yuenan had a son named Zhantan, who was also miserly and greedy. Later, when Yuenan's life came to an end, he was reborn in the same country as the son of a blind beggar woman. The beggar woman's husband said, 'You are seriously ill and now pregnant. I am so poor that I have no food or clothing. You should leave on your own.'
The beggar woman obeyed her husband's words and went out. Not far away, she found a large pile of dung and stopped there. After nine months, she gave birth to a son who was also blind in both eyes. His mother supported him by begging for food. When he was seven years old, his mother said, 'I have raised you for a long time. You should now support yourself by using a cane and carrying a bowl to beg. You should say sadly, 'The poorest people in the world are the most miserable. Now, I am unlucky to be born in a poor family, and I am blind in both eyes, unable to see anything. I am also looked down upon by others. If someone now gives me a little food and drink to relieve my hunger, it would be like rain from the sky for a thirsty person to drink.''
The son heard his mother say this and went from house to house begging. He came to Zhantan's house. Just as his son arrived, the gatekeeper had gone out for a short time. The blind child went straight in and came to the courtyard, saying what his mother had taught him.
At that time, Zhantan was on a high tower and heard his words. He was very angry and called the gatekeeper, asking him, 'Who let this blind beggar in?' The gatekeeper was very frightened and immediately grabbed the blind child, threw him out of the gate, injured his head and face, broke his right arm, and broke his bowl, scattering the food on the ground. The blind child was in great pain.
The blind child cried and wailed, his
母聞之，即走到兒所言：「何等弊人嬈我子者？我子尚小，兩目復盲，有何等過，乃取如是，何壹感天？」
兒對母言：「我到此門中乞，有高聲人，呼多力人，牽撲傷我，身體大痛如是，今且死不久。」
時門上有守神，便謂之言：「汝得是痛，尚為小耳，其大在後。汝坐前世有財不佈施，故得勤苦。世間富貴無有常，富貴而不佈施，如無有財等也，死更苦痛。乃愁悔，當復何益？」時觀者甚眾多，各各自語，其聲遠聞。
佛時從念道覺，與諸比丘俱入城分衛。佛問阿難：「是何等聲？匆匆乃如是。」
阿難便白佛，說盲子母本事已，便叉手白佛：「愿哀矜到此兒所。」佛默然不應。分衛還飯已，便往視之。見盲兒創痛，以手摩其頭，目便即開，折傷處即愈，因自識宿命。佛問：「汝是前世長者字難不？」對言：「是也。」
佛告阿難：「人居世間甚勤苦愚癡，一世父子不相識知。」
爾時佛說經，解散其意：
「人求子索財， 於此二事中， 甚憂勤苦痛， 他人而得果。 有身不能保， 何況子與財？ 譬如夏月暑， 息止樹下涼， 須臾當復去， 世間無有常。」
阿難白佛：「此兒命盡，當趣何道？」佛言：「當入大泥梨中一宿。」
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本： 母親聽了這話，就走到兒子所說的地方，問道：『是什麼樣惡劣的人欺負我的兒子？我的兒子還小，兩眼又是瞎的，有什麼過錯，竟然遭受這樣的對待，難道一點也不感動上天嗎？』 兒子對母親說：『我到這門口乞討，有個大聲呵斥的人，叫來強壯的人，把我推倒摔傷，身體非常疼痛，像這樣，我快要死了。』 這時門上有守護神，就對他說：『你覺得這點疼痛，還算小的，更大的苦難還在後面。你因為前世有錢財而不肯佈施，所以今生才這樣辛勞困苦。世間的富貴沒有常駐的，富貴而不佈施，就等於沒有錢財一樣，死後會更加痛苦。到那時再後悔，又有什麼用呢？』當時觀看的人非常多，各自議論，聲音傳得很遠。 佛陀當時從禪定中醒來，與眾比丘一起進入城中乞食。佛陀問阿難（Ananda，佛陀的十大弟子之一）:『這是什麼聲音？匆匆忙忙的像這樣。』 阿難便告訴佛陀，說了盲人母子的遭遇，然後合掌對佛陀說：『希望您能慈悲憐憫，到這孩子那裡去看看。』佛陀沉默不語。乞食完畢，吃完飯後，便前往看望那個盲童。佛陀看見盲童的傷痛，用手摩他的頭，他的眼睛立刻就睜開了，折斷受傷的地方也立刻痊癒了，因此自己認識了前世的命運。佛陀問他：『你是不是前世的長者，名叫難不（Nanbu）？』他回答說：『是的。』 佛陀告訴阿難：『人活在世上非常辛勞困苦而且愚癡，一世的父子竟然互不認識。』 當時佛陀說了經，解釋其中的含義： 『人求兒子和索取錢財，在這兩件事當中，非常憂愁辛勞痛苦，結果卻是他人得到了果實。有這個身體都不能保全，更何況是兒子和錢財呢？譬如夏天炎熱，在樹下休息可以得到涼爽，但一會兒就要離開了，世間沒有什麼是永恒不變的。』 阿難問佛陀：『這孩子命終之後，會到哪一道去呢？』佛陀說：『會墮入大地獄中受苦一宿。』
【English Translation】 English version: Having heard this, the mother went to where her son was and asked: 'What kind of wicked person is tormenting my son? My son is still young and both his eyes are blind. What fault has he committed to deserve such treatment? Does it not move Heaven at all?' The son said to his mother: 'When I came to this gate to beg, there was a loud person who called for strong men, who pushed me down and injured me. My body is in great pain like this, and I will soon die.' At that time, the guardian deity of the gate said to him: 'You think this pain is small, but greater suffering is yet to come. Because in your previous life you had wealth but did not give alms, you now suffer such hardship. Wealth and nobility in this world are not permanent. Being wealthy but not giving alms is like having no wealth at all. Death will bring even greater pain. Then, what good will regret do?' At that time, there were many onlookers, each speaking their minds, and their voices carried far. The Buddha, at that time, awakened from meditation and entered the city with the monks to beg for alms. The Buddha asked Ananda (one of the ten great disciples of the Buddha): 'What is this noise? It is so hurried and chaotic.' Ananda then told the Buddha about the blind child and his mother's plight, and then, with his palms together, said to the Buddha: 'May you have compassion and go to this child.' The Buddha remained silent. After begging for alms and finishing the meal, he went to see the blind child. Seeing the blind child's pain, the Buddha stroked his head with his hand, and his eyes immediately opened, and the broken and injured places immediately healed. Because of this, he recognized his past life. The Buddha asked him: 'Were you the elder named Nanbu (Nanbu) in your previous life?' He replied: 'Yes, I was.' The Buddha said to Ananda: 'People live in the world with much toil, hardship, and ignorance. A father and son in one lifetime do not even recognize each other.' At that time, the Buddha spoke the sutra, explaining its meaning: 'People seek sons and crave wealth, in these two matters, they are very worried, toiling, and suffering, but others reap the rewards. Even this body cannot be preserved, let alone sons and wealth? It is like the summer heat, resting under a tree brings coolness, but soon one must leave. Nothing in this world is permanent.' Ananda asked the Buddha: 'Where will this child go after his life ends?' The Buddha said: 'He will fall into the great hell and suffer for one night.'
佛說是經時，八萬餘人皆棄三垢得法眼。諸弟子皆歡喜，為佛作禮而去。
佛說越難經
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本： 當佛陀宣講這部經時，八萬多人捨棄了貪慾、嗔恚、愚癡這三種垢染，獲得了法眼（Dharma-cakṣus，證悟真理的智慧之眼）。所有的弟子都非常歡喜，向佛陀行禮后離去。
佛說《越難經》（Veyyagghapajja Sutta）。
【English Translation】 English version: When the Buddha finished expounding this sutra, more than eighty thousand people abandoned the three defilements (greed, hatred, and delusion) and attained the Dharma-cakṣus (the eye of wisdom to realize the truth). All the disciples rejoiced and departed after paying homage to the Buddha.
The Buddha spoke the Veyyagghapajja Sutta.