T14n0554_佛說奈女耆婆經

大正藏第 14 冊 No. 0554 佛說奈女耆婆經

No. 554 [No. 553]

佛說奈女耆婆經

後漢安世高譯

佛在世時,維耶離國王苑中,自然生一奈樹,枝葉繁茂,實又加大,既有光色,香美非凡。王實愛此奈,自非宮中尊貴美人,不得啖此奈果。

其國中有梵志居士,財富無數,一國無雙,又聰明博達,才智超群,王重愛之,用為大臣。

王請梵志,飯食畢,以一奈賞與之。梵志見奈香美非凡,乃問王曰:「此奈樹下,寧有小栽可得乞不?」王曰:「大多小栽,吾恐妨其大樹,輒除去之。卿若欲得,今當相與。」即以一奈栽與。

梵志得歸種之,朝夕灌溉,日日長大,枝條茂好,三年生實,光彩大小,如王家奈。梵志大喜,自念:「我家資財無數,不減于王,唯無此奈,以為不如,今已得之,為無減王。」即取食之,而大苦澀,了不可食。

梵志更大愁惱,乃退思惟:「當是土無肥潤故耳。」乃捉取百牛之乳,以飲一牛,復取一牛乳,煎為醍醐,以灌奈根。日日灌之,到至明年,實乃甘美,如王家奈;而樹邊忽復生一瘤節,大如手拳,日日增長。梵志心念:「忽有此瘤節,恐妨其實;適欲斫去,復恐傷樹。」連日思惟,遲迴未決

【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本: 佛陀在世的時候,在維耶離(Viyali)國王的花園中,自然生長出一棵奈樹,枝繁葉茂,果實又大又多,而且光澤鮮亮,香氣和味道都非常美好。國王非常喜愛這棵奈樹,只有宮中尊貴的美人,才能品嚐這奈樹的果實。 這個國家中有一位梵志(Brahmin)居士,擁有無數的財富,在全國無人能比,而且聰明博學,才智超群,國王非常器重他,任用他為大臣。 國王邀請梵志吃飯,飯後,賞賜給他一個奈果。梵志看到奈果香氣和味道都非常美好,就問國王說:『這奈樹下,有沒有小樹苗可以乞討?』國王說:『有很多小樹苗,我擔心妨礙大樹生長,就都除掉了。如果您想要,現在就送給您。』於是就把一棵奈樹苗送給了他。 梵志得到樹苗后帶回家種植,早晚灌溉,樹苗日日長大,枝條茂盛美好,三年後開始結果,果實的光澤和大小,和國王家的奈果一樣。梵志非常高興,心想:『我家資財無數,不比國王差,只是沒有這種奈果,覺得不如國王,現在已經得到了,就不比國王差了。』於是摘取果實食用,卻非常苦澀,根本無法下嚥。 梵志更加愁惱,於是退下來思考:『應該是土壤不夠肥沃的緣故。』於是取來一百頭牛的乳汁,餵養一頭牛,又取一牛乳汁,煎熬成醍醐(clarified butter),用來澆灌奈樹的根部。日日澆灌,到了第二年,果實果然變得甘甜美味,和國王家的奈果一樣;但是樹邊忽然又長出一個瘤節,大如拳頭,日日增長。梵志心想:『忽然長出這個瘤節,恐怕會妨礙果實生長;想要砍掉它,又恐怕傷到樹。』連續幾天思索,遲疑不決。

【English Translation】 English version: At the time when the Buddha was in the world, in the garden of the King of Viyali (維耶離), a Nai tree grew naturally. Its branches and leaves were lush, and its fruits were large and plentiful, with a bright luster and extraordinary fragrance and taste. The king loved this Nai tree very much, and only the noble and beautiful women in the palace were allowed to taste its fruit. In that country, there was a Brahmin (梵志) householder who possessed countless riches, unmatched in the entire nation. He was also intelligent, erudite, and exceptionally talented. The king valued him greatly and appointed him as a minister. The king invited the Brahmin to a meal, and after the meal, he rewarded him with a Nai fruit. The Brahmin, seeing the extraordinary fragrance and taste of the Nai fruit, asked the king, 'Are there any small saplings under this Nai tree that I could beg for?' The king said, 'There are many small saplings, but I was afraid they would hinder the growth of the large tree, so I removed them. If you want one, I will give it to you now.' So he gave him a Nai sapling. The Brahmin took the sapling home and planted it, watering it morning and evening. The sapling grew day by day, its branches becoming lush and beautiful. After three years, it began to bear fruit, the luster and size of which were the same as the Nai fruit in the king's house. The Brahmin was overjoyed and thought to himself, 'My family has countless riches, no less than the king's, but I lacked this Nai fruit, which made me feel inferior to the king. Now that I have obtained it, I am no longer inferior to the king.' So he picked a fruit and ate it, but it was extremely bitter and completely inedible. The Brahmin was even more distressed, so he retreated to ponder, 'It must be because the soil is not fertile enough.' So he took the milk of a hundred cows and fed it to one cow, and then took the milk of one cow and boiled it into clarified butter (醍醐, dáihú), using it to irrigate the roots of the Nai tree. He irrigated it daily, and by the following year, the fruit indeed became sweet and delicious, just like the Nai fruit in the king's house. However, a tumor suddenly grew on the side of the tree, as large as a fist, growing day by day. The Brahmin thought to himself, 'This tumor has suddenly grown, and I am afraid it will hinder the growth of the fruit. I want to chop it off, but I am afraid of hurting the tree.' He pondered for days, hesitant and undecided.


,而節中忽生一枝,正指上向,洪直調好,高出樹頭,去地七丈,其杪乃分作諸枝,周圍傍出,形如偃蓋,華葉茂好勝于本樹。

梵志怪之:「不知枝上當何所有?」乃作棧閣,登而視之。見枝上偃蓋之中,乃有池水,既清且香,又如眾華,彩色鮮明。披視華下,有一女兒,在池水中。梵志抱取,歸長養之,名曰奈女。至年十五,顏色端正,天下無雙,宣聞遠國。

有七國王,同時俱來,詣梵志所,求娉奈女以為夫人。梵志大恐怖,不知當以與誰,乃于園中,架一高樓,以奈女著上,出謂諸王曰:「此女非我所生,自出于奈樹之上,亦不知是天、龍、鬼神女耶?鬼魅之物?今七王俱來求之,我設與一王,六王當怒,不敢愛惜也。女今在園中樓上,諸王便自共議,有應得者,便自取去,非我所制也。」

於是七王口共諍之,紛紜未決。至其夕夜,萍沙王從伏竇中入,登樓就之共宿。明晨當去,奈女白曰:「大王幸枉威尊,接近於我,今復相舍而去,若其有子,則是王種,當何所付?」王曰:「若是男兒,當以還我;若是女兒,便以與汝。」王即脫手金镮之印,以付奈女,以是為信。便出語群臣曰:「我已得奈女,與共一宿,亦無奇異,故如凡人,故不取耳。」萍沙軍中皆稱萬歲,曰:「我王已得奈女

【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本:突然,樹幹中間生出一根樹枝,筆直向上生長,經過洪直的修剪,高出樹頭七丈,樹梢分出許多枝條,向四周伸展,形狀像倒扣的傘蓋,花和葉子茂盛美好,勝過原本的樹木。

梵志(Brahmacarin,修行者)對此感到奇怪:『不知道這樹枝上會有什麼?』於是搭建棧閣,登上觀看。看見樹枝上的倒扣傘蓋之中,有一個水池,既清澈又芳香,池中還有各種鮮艷的花朵。撥開花朵一看,有一個女兒在池水中。梵志將她抱起,帶回家中撫養,給她取名叫奈女。到十五歲時,容貌端莊美麗,天下無雙,名聲傳到遙遠的國家。

有七個國王同時前來,拜訪梵志,請求娶奈女為夫人。梵志非常害怕,不知道應該把她嫁給誰,於是在園中搭建一座高樓,把奈女安置在樓上,出來對眾位國王說:『這個女兒不是我所生,而是從奈樹上自己出現的,也不知道她是天女、龍女、鬼神女,還是鬼魅之物?現在七位國王都來求娶她,如果我只給一位國王,其他六位國王一定會憤怒,我不敢偏袒任何一方。現在女兒就在園中的樓上,各位國王自己商議,誰應該得到她,就自己去娶走,我無法做主。』

於是七位國王爭論不休,紛亂難決。到了晚上,萍沙王(PingSha King)從秘密通道進入,登上樓與奈女同宿。第二天早晨要離開時,奈女對他說:『大王您屈尊降貴,與我親近,現在又要離我而去,如果我懷了孩子,那是您的血脈,應該託付給誰呢?』國王說:『如果是男孩,就還給我;如果是女孩,就留給你。』國王隨即脫下手上的金戒指,交給奈女作為信物。然後出來告訴群臣說:『我已經得到奈女,與她共度一夜,也沒什麼奇異之處,和凡人一樣,所以我不娶她。』萍沙王的軍隊都高呼萬歲,說:『我們的國王已經得到奈女了!』

【English Translation】 English version: Suddenly, a branch sprouted from the middle of the trunk, growing straight upwards. After Hongzhi trimmed it, it rose seven zhang (丈, a unit of length) above the treetop. Its tip divided into many branches, extending outwards in all directions, forming a shape like an inverted canopy. The flowers and leaves were lush and beautiful, surpassing the original tree.

The Brahmacarin (梵志, Brahmacarin, a religious practitioner) was amazed by this: 'I wonder what could be on this branch?' So he built a scaffold and climbed up to look. He saw that within the inverted canopy on the branch, there was a pool of water, both clear and fragrant, and there were also various colorful flowers. Peeking beneath the flowers, he found a girl in the pool. The Brahmacarin picked her up, took her home, and raised her, naming her Nai Nu (奈女, Nai Girl). By the age of fifteen, her appearance was dignified and beautiful, unparalleled in the world, and her fame spread to distant countries.

Seven kings came at the same time, visiting the Brahmacarin and requesting to marry Nai Nu as their queen. The Brahmacarin was very afraid, not knowing whom he should give her to. So he built a tall building in the garden, placed Nai Nu on it, and came out to say to the kings: 'This girl was not born of me, but appeared on the Nai tree by herself. I don't know if she is a celestial maiden, a dragon maiden, a spirit maiden, or a demonic being. Now that seven kings have come to seek her, if I give her to only one king, the other six kings will be angry, and I dare not favor any one of you. Now the girl is in the building in the garden. You kings should discuss among yourselves, and whoever is destined to get her, take her away yourselves. I cannot make the decision.'

So the seven kings argued endlessly, and a decision could not be reached. That night, King PingSha (萍沙王, PingSha King) entered through a secret passage, climbed the building, and spent the night with Nai Nu. The next morning, as he was about to leave, Nai Nu said to him: 'Your Majesty has condescended to be close to me, and now you are leaving me. If I become pregnant, that will be your bloodline. To whom should I entrust the child?' The king said: 'If it is a boy, return him to me; if it is a girl, keep her for yourself.' The king then took off the gold ring from his hand and gave it to Nai Nu as a token. Then he came out and told his ministers: 'I have already obtained Nai Nu and spent a night with her, but there was nothing extraordinary about it, just like an ordinary person, so I will not take her.' The troops of King PingSha all shouted 'Long live the king!' saying, 'Our king has obtained Nai Nu!'


。」六王聞之,便各還去。

奈女後生得男兒,兒生之時,手中抱持針藥囊出。梵志曰:「此國王之子,而執持醫器,必是醫王。」名曰耆婆。

至年八歲,聰明高才,學問書䟽,越殊倫匹,與比鄰小兒遊戲,心常輕諸小兒,以不如己。諸小兒共罵之曰:「無父之子,淫女所生,何敢輕我?」

耆婆愕然,默而不答。便歸問母曰:「我視子曹,皆不如我,而反罵我言:『無父之子。』我父今者,為在何許?」母曰:「汝父者正萍沙王是也。」耆婆曰:「萍沙王乃在羅閱祇國,去此五百里,何緣生我?若如母言,何以為證?」母即出印镮示之曰:「此則汝父镮也。」

耆婆省之,見有萍沙王印文,便奉持此镮,往到羅閱祇國。徑入宮門,門無訶者,即到王前為王作禮,長跪白王言:「我是王子,奈女所生,今年八歲,始知是大王種類,故持指镮印信,遠來歸家。」

王見印文,憶昔日之誓,知是其子,悵然憐之,以為太子。涉歷二年後,阿阇世王生,耆婆因白王曰:「我初生時手持針藥囊,是應當為醫也。王雖以我為太子,非我所樂;王今自有嫡子生矣,應襲尊嗣,我願得行學醫術。」王即聽之。

王曰:「汝不為太子者,不得空食王祿,應學醫道。」王即命敕國中諸上手醫,盡

【現代漢語翻譯】 六位國王聽了這些話,便各自回去了。

後來,奈女(Nai Nü)生了一個男孩。孩子出生時,手中抱著針藥囊。梵志(Fàn Zhì)說:『這一定是國王的兒子,而且拿著醫療器械,將來必定是醫王。』於是給他取名為耆婆(Qí Pó)。

到了八歲時,耆婆(Qí Pó)聰明過人,才華橫溢,學問勝過同輩。他和鄰居的小孩一起玩耍時,心裡常常輕視他們,認為他們不如自己。那些小孩就一起罵他說:『沒有父親的兒子,**所生,憑什麼敢輕視我們?』

耆婆(Qí Pó)聽了很驚訝,沉默不語。回家后便問母親說:『我看那些孩子,都不如我,他們反而罵我說:「沒有父親的兒子。」我的父親現在在哪裡?』母親說:『你的父親就是頻婆娑羅王(Pín Pó Suō Luó Wáng)。』耆婆(Qí Pó)說:『頻婆娑羅王(Pín Pó Suō Luó Wáng)在羅閱祇國(Luó Yuè Qí Guó),距離這裡五百里,怎麼會生下我?如果像您說的那樣,有什麼可以證明呢?』母親就拿出印镮給他看,說:『這就是你父親的镮。』

耆婆(Qí Pó)仔細察看,看到上面有頻婆娑羅王(Pín Pó Suō Luó Wáng)的印文,便拿著這個印镮,前往羅閱祇國(Luó Yuè Qí Guó)。直接進入宮門,沒有人阻攔他,他便走到國王面前,向國王行禮,長跪稟告說:『我是王子,是奈女(Nai Nü)所生,今年八歲,才知道是大王的後代,所以拿著指镮印信,從遠方來歸家。』

國王看到印文,想起以前的誓言,知道這是自己的兒子,心中憐憫,想立他為太子。過了兩年後,阿阇世王(Ā Shé Shì Wáng)出生,耆婆(Qí Pó)於是稟告國王說:『我出生時手中拿著針藥囊,是應當做醫生的。大王雖然想立我為太子,但我並不喜歡;大王現在已經有了嫡子出生,應該繼承王位,我希望能夠去學習醫術。』國王就答應了他。

國王說:『你如果不做太子,就不能白白地享用王家的俸祿,應該去學習醫道。』國王就命令國內所有醫術高明的醫生,都

【English Translation】 The six kings, hearing this, each returned to their own kingdoms.

Later, Nai Nü (Nai Nü - Name of a woman) gave birth to a son. At the time of his birth, the child held a needle and medicine bag in his hand. The Brahmin (Fàn Zhì - A member of the highest Hindu caste) said, 'This must be the son of a king, and holding medical instruments, he will surely be a king of medicine.' He was named Jīva (Qí Pó).

By the age of eight, Jīva (Qí Pó) was exceptionally intelligent and talented, surpassing his peers in learning. When he played with the neighboring children, he often looked down on them, thinking they were inferior to him. The children would scold him, saying, 'Son of a fatherless mother, born of a **, how dare you look down on us?'

Jīva (Qí Pó) was astonished and remained silent. He returned home and asked his mother, 'I see those children, and they are not as good as I am, yet they scold me, saying, "Son of a fatherless mother." Where is my father now?' His mother said, 'Your father is King Bimbisāra (Pín Pó Suō Luó Wáng).' Jīva (Qí Pó) said, 'King Bimbisāra (Pín Pó Suō Luó Wáng) is in the kingdom of Rājagṛha (Luó Yuè Qí Guó), five hundred leagues from here. How could he have fathered me? If it is as you say, what proof is there?' His mother then took out a signet ring and showed it to him, saying, 'This is your father's ring.'

Jīva (Qí Pó) examined it closely and saw the seal of King Bimbisāra (Pín Pó Suō Luó Wáng) on it. He took the signet ring and went to the kingdom of Rājagṛha (Luó Yuè Qí Guó). He entered the palace gate directly, and no one stopped him. He went before the king, bowed to him, knelt, and said, 'I am a prince, born of Nai Nü (Nai Nü), and I am eight years old. Only now do I know that I am of the Great King's lineage. Therefore, I bring this finger ring as proof and have come from afar to return home.'

The king saw the seal and remembered his past vow. Knowing that this was his son, he felt pity for him and wanted to make him the crown prince. Two years later, King Ajātasattu (Ā Shé Shì Wáng) was born. Jīva (Qí Pó) then said to the king, 'When I was born, I held a needle and medicine bag in my hand, so I should be a doctor. Although Your Majesty wishes to make me the crown prince, it is not what I desire. Now that Your Majesty has a legitimate son, who should inherit the throne, I wish to go and study medicine.' The king agreed.

The king said, 'If you do not become the crown prince, you cannot eat the royal food for nothing. You should study medicine.' The king then ordered all the skilled doctors in the kingdom to


術教之。而耆婆但行嬉戲,未曾受學,諸師責謂之曰:「醫術鄙陋,誠非太子至尊所宜當學,然大王之命,不可違廢。受敕以來積有日月,而太子初不受半言之方,王若問我,我當何對?」

耆婆曰:「我生而有醫證在手,故白大王捐棄榮豪,求學醫術,豈復懈怠須師督促?直以諸師之道,無足學者故耳。」便取本草藥方針脈諸經,具難問師。師窮無以答,皆下為耆婆作禮,長跪叉手曰:「今日密知太子神聖,實非我等所及也。向所問諸事,皆是我師歷世疑義所不能通,愿太子具悉說之,開解我等生年之結。」耆婆便為解說其義,諸醫歡喜,皆悉更起,頭面作禮,承受其法。

於是耆婆便行治病,所治輒愈,國內知名。后欲入宮,于宮門前,逢一小兒擔樵,耆婆望視,悉見此兒五臟腸胃縷悉分明。耆婆心念:「本草經說,有藥王樹,從外照內見人腹臟。此兒樵中,得無有藥王耶?」即往問兒:「賣樵幾錢?」兒曰:「十錢。」便雇兒十錢,兒下樵置地,則更闇冥不復見其腹中。耆婆心更思惟:「不知束中何者為是藥王?」便解兩束,一一取之以著兒腹上,無所照見輒復更取;如是盡兩束樵,最後有一小枝裁長尺餘,試取以照,即復具見腹內,耆婆大喜,知此小枝定是藥王,悉還兒樵。兒即已得錢,樵又如

【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本:老師們教導耆婆(Jivaka,人名,意為『 জীবিত 』,佛陀時代的著名醫生),但耆婆只是嬉戲玩耍,從未認真學習。老師們責備他說:『醫術是低賤的技藝,實在不適合太子這樣尊貴的人學習,但是大王的命令,又不能違背。自從接受命令以來,已經過去很多時日,而太子您卻連半句醫方都沒有學到,如果大王問起我們,我們該如何回答呢?』 耆婆說:『我生來就具備行醫的資質,所以才稟告大王,放棄榮華富貴,來學習醫術,難道還會懈怠到需要老師督促的地步嗎?只是因為各位老師的醫術,沒有什麼值得我學習的地方罷了。』於是他就拿起本草、藥方、鍼灸等醫書,向老師們提出各種疑難問題。老師們理屈詞窮,無法回答,都下座向耆婆行禮,長跪合掌說:『今天我們才知道太子如此神聖,實在不是我們所能及的。您剛才所問的那些問題,都是我們老師歷代以來都無法解決的疑難,希望太子能夠詳細地為我們解說,解開我們多年的疑惑。』耆婆便為他們解說了其中的含義,眾位醫生都非常高興,都起身,向耆婆叩頭作揖,接受他的教法。 於是耆婆就開始行醫治病,凡是他治療的病人,都能很快痊癒,因此在國內聲名遠揚。後來他要入宮,在宮門前,遇到一個小孩正在挑柴,耆婆望向他,竟然能夠清楚地看到這個小孩的五臟六腑,以及腸胃的紋路。耆婆心想:『本草經上說,有一種藥王樹,可以從外面照見人的腹臟。這個小孩的柴火中,莫非有藥王樹?』於是就上前問小孩:『這柴賣多少錢?』小孩說:『十個錢。』耆婆就僱傭小孩,給了他十個錢。小孩放下柴,放在地上,耆婆就再也看不見小孩的腹髒了。耆婆心中更加思索:『不知道這柴火中哪一根是藥王?』於是就解開兩捆柴,一根一根地取出來,放在小孩的肚子上,如果不能照見,就再換一根;就這樣把兩捆柴都試完了,最後有一根小樹枝,大約一尺多長,試著用它來照,立刻又能夠清楚地看到小孩的腹內,耆婆非常高興,知道這根小樹枝一定是藥王,就把所有的柴都還給了小孩。小孩已經得到了錢,柴又

【English Translation】 English version: The teachers instructed Jivaka (meaning 'living', a famous physician in the time of the Buddha), but Jivaka only played and never studied seriously. The teachers rebuked him, saying, 'Medical skills are a lowly art, truly not suitable for a prince as noble as you to learn, but the king's command cannot be disobeyed. Since receiving the order, many days have passed, and yet you have not learned even half a medical prescription. If the king asks us, what shall we answer?' Jivaka said, 'I was born with the qualifications to practice medicine, so I reported to the king, abandoning wealth and honor, to study medicine. Would I be so lazy as to need teachers to urge me on? It is simply that the skills of you teachers are not worth learning.' Then he took up the herbal medicine books, prescriptions, acupuncture manuals, and other medical texts, and posed various difficult questions to the teachers. The teachers were at a loss for words and could not answer. They all descended from their seats and bowed to Jivaka, kneeling with their palms together, saying, 'Today we know that you are truly divine, far beyond our reach. The questions you asked are the doubts that our teachers have been unable to resolve for generations. We hope that you can explain them to us in detail, resolving our doubts of many years.' Jivaka then explained the meanings to them. All the doctors were very happy, and they all rose, bowed their heads, and received his teachings. Then Jivaka began to practice medicine, and all the patients he treated quickly recovered, so he became famous throughout the country. Later, when he was about to enter the palace, he encountered a child carrying firewood in front of the palace gate. Jivaka looked at him and could clearly see the child's five internal organs, as well as the patterns of his intestines and stomach. Jivaka thought to himself, 'The herbal medicine scriptures say that there is a medicine king tree that can illuminate a person's abdomen from the outside. Could there be a medicine king tree in this child's firewood?' So he went up and asked the child, 'How much do you sell this firewood for?' The child said, 'Ten coins.' Jivaka hired the child and gave him ten coins. The child put down the firewood on the ground, and Jivaka could no longer see the child's abdomen. Jivaka pondered even more, 'I wonder which of these firewood sticks is the medicine king?' So he untied two bundles of firewood, took them out one by one, and placed them on the child's stomach. If he could not see through, he would change another one. In this way, he tried all the firewood in the two bundles. Finally, there was a small branch, about a foot long. When he tried to use it to illuminate, he could immediately see the child's abdomen clearly again. Jivaka was very happy, knowing that this small branch must be the medicine king, and returned all the firewood to the child. The child had already received the money, and the firewood was


故,歡喜而去。

爾時,國中有迦羅越家女,年十五,臨當嫁日,忽頭痛而死。耆婆聞之,往至其家問女父:「此女常有何病,乃至致死?」父曰:「女小有頭痛疾,日月增甚,今朝發作尤甚於常,以致絕命。」

耆婆便進,以藥王照視頭中,見有刺蟲,大小相生,乃數百頭,鉆食其腦,腦盡故死。便以金刀,㓟破其頭悉出諸蟲,封著罌中。以三種神膏涂瘡,一種者補蟲所食骨間之傷;一種生腦;一種治外刀瘡。告女父曰:「好令安靜慎莫使驚,七日當愈平復如故,到其日,我當復來。」

耆婆適去,女母便啼哭曰:「我子為再死也,豈有㓟破頭醫腦,當復活者?父何忍命他人取子那爾?」父止之曰:「耆婆生而把持針藥,棄國尊位,行作醫師,但為一切人命故耳,此乃天之醫王,豈當妄耶!囑語汝言:『慎莫使驚。』而汝今反啼哭,以驚動之,將令此兒不復得生耶!」母聞父言,止不復哭,供養護之,寂靜七日。

七日晨明,女便吹氣而寤,如從臥覺曰:「我今者了不復頭痛,身體皆安。誰護我者,使得如是?」父曰:「汝前已死,醫王耆婆,故來護汝,破頭出蟲,以得更生。」便開罌出蟲示之。女見便大驚怖,深自僥倖曰:「耆婆神乃如是,我以何報其恩?」父曰:「耆婆與我期言:『

【現代漢語翻譯】 於是,他們歡喜地離開了。

當時,國中有一戶迦羅越家(Kalaveta,人名)的女兒,年方十五,正要出嫁的時候,忽然頭痛而死。耆婆(Jivaka,醫生)聽說了這件事,前往她家,問她的父親:『這個女兒平時有什麼病,以至於死亡?』父親說:『女兒稍微有些頭痛的毛病,每天都在加重,今天早上發作得比平時更厲害,以至於斷了氣。』

耆婆便走上前,用藥王之眼觀察她的頭部,看見有刺蟲,大小相生,竟然有數百隻,鉆食她的腦髓,腦髓被吃光了所以死了。便用金刀,剖開她的頭部,把所有的蟲子都取出來,封在瓦罐中。用三種神膏塗抹傷口,一種用來修補蟲子所吃的骨頭之間的損傷;一種用來生腦;一種用來治療外面的刀傷。告訴女子的父親說:『好好地讓她安靜,千萬不要讓她受到驚嚇,七天就會痊癒恢復如初,到那一天,我再來。』

耆婆剛離開,女子的母親便啼哭著說:『我的女兒又要死一次了嗎,哪裡有剖開頭顱醫治腦髓,還能復活的?你父親怎麼忍心讓別人這樣對待我的女兒?』父親阻止她說:『耆婆從小就拿著針藥,放棄了國家的尊貴地位,做醫生,只是爲了救一切人的性命啊,這是天上的醫王,怎麼會胡來呢!他囑咐我們說:『千萬不要讓她受到驚嚇。』而你現在反而啼哭,來驚動她,這將使這個孩子不能再活過來了!』母親聽了父親的話,停止了哭泣,供養保護她,安靜地度過了七天。

七天後的早晨,女子便呼出一口氣醒了過來,好像從睡夢中醒來一樣說:『我現在一點也不頭痛了,身體都很好。是誰在保護我,使我能夠這樣?』父親說:『你之前已經死了,是醫王耆婆,特意來保護你,剖開你的頭取出蟲子,你才得以更生。』便打開瓦罐,把蟲子給她看。女子看見后非常驚恐,深深地感到僥倖說:『耆婆的神力竟然是這樣,我用什麼來報答他的恩情呢?』父親說:『耆婆與我約定說:』

【English Translation】 Therefore, they departed joyfully.

At that time, in the kingdom, there was a daughter of the Kalaveta (family name) household, fifteen years old. On the day she was to be married, she suddenly died from a headache. Jivaka (physician) heard of this and went to her house, asking the girl's father, 'What illness did this girl usually have that led to her death?' The father said, 'The girl had a slight headache, which increased daily. This morning it was worse than usual, leading to her death.'

Jivaka then stepped forward and, using his 'medicine king' vision, examined her head. He saw parasitic worms, large and small, numbering several hundred, drilling into and consuming her brain. Her brain was completely eaten, hence her death. He then used a golden knife to cut open her head, removing all the worms and sealing them in a jar. He applied three kinds of divine ointment to the wound: one to repair the damage to the bone caused by the worms; one to regenerate the brain; and one to heal the external knife wound. He told the girl's father, 'Keep her quiet and do not let her be startled. She will recover completely in seven days. On that day, I will return.'

As soon as Jivaka left, the girl's mother began to weep, saying, 'Is my daughter going to die a second time? How can someone who has had their head cut open and brain treated be revived? How can you, her father, bear to let someone treat our daughter like this?' The father stopped her, saying, 'Jivaka has been holding needles and medicine since he was young, abandoning his noble position in the kingdom to practice medicine, solely for the sake of saving all lives. He is a heavenly medicine king; how could he be wrong! He instructed you, saying, 'Do not let her be startled.' But now you are crying, startling her, which will prevent this child from being reborn!' Upon hearing her father's words, the mother stopped crying, cared for and protected her, and kept her quiet for seven days.

On the morning of the seventh day, the girl breathed and awoke, as if waking from a sleep, saying, 'I no longer have a headache, and my body feels well. Who has been protecting me, allowing me to be like this?' The father said, 'You were previously dead, but the medicine king Jivaka came to protect you, cutting open your head and removing the worms, so that you could be reborn.' He then opened the jar and showed her the worms. Upon seeing them, the girl was greatly frightened and deeply grateful, saying, 'Jivaka's divine power is such! How can I repay his kindness?' The father said, 'Jivaka made an appointment with me, saying,'


今日當來。』」於是須臾耆婆便來,女大歡喜,出門奉迎,頭面禮足,長跪叉手曰:「愿為耆婆作婢,終身供養,以報更生之恩。」

耆婆曰:「我為醫師,周行治病,居無常處,何用婢為?汝必欲報恩者,與我五百兩金。我亦不用此金,所以求者,凡人學道,法當謝師。師雖無以教我,我現曾為弟子,今得汝金當以與之。」女便奉五百兩金以上耆婆,耆婆便受以與師,因白王:「暫歸省母,到維耶離國。」

國中復有迦羅越家男兒,好學武事,作一木馬,高七尺餘,日日習學,騙上初學。適得上馬,久久益習,忽過去失踞,躄地而死。

耆婆聞之,便往以藥王照視腹中,見其肝反戾向後,氣結不通故死。復以金刀破腹,手探料理,還肝向前畢,以三種神膏涂之,其一種補手所攫持之處;一種通利氣息;一種主合刀瘡。畢囑語其父曰:「慎莫令驚,三日當愈。」

父承教敕,寂靜養視,至於三日,兒便吐氣而寤,狀如臥覺,即便起坐。須臾耆婆亦來,兒歡喜出門迎,頭面作禮,長跪白言:「愿為耆婆作奴,終身供養,以報再活之恩。」

耆婆曰:「我為醫師,周行治病,病者之家,爭為我使,何用奴為?我母養我勤苦,我未有供養之恩報母。卿若欲謝我恩者,可與我五百兩金,以報我

【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本:『今日當來。』於是須臾,耆婆(Jivaka,名醫)便來,女大歡喜,出門奉迎,頭面禮足,長跪叉手曰:『愿為耆婆(Jivaka)作婢,終身供養,以報更生之恩。』 耆婆(Jivaka)曰:『我為醫師,周行治病,居無常處,何用婢為?汝必欲報恩者,與我五百兩金。我亦不用此金,所以求者,凡人學道,法當謝師。師雖無以教我,我現曾為弟子,今得汝金當以與之。』女便奉五百兩金以上耆婆(Jivaka),耆婆(Jivaka)便受以與師,因白王:『暫歸省母,到維耶離國(Vaisali)。』 國中復有迦羅越(Kalavata)家男兒,好學武事,作一木馬,高七尺餘,日日習學,騙上初學。適得上馬,久久益習,忽過去失踞,躄地而死。 耆婆(Jivaka)聞之,便往以藥王照視腹中,見其肝反戾向後,氣結不通故死。復以金刀破腹,手探料理,還肝向前畢,以三種神膏涂之,其一種補手所攫持之處;一種通利氣息;一種主合刀瘡。畢囑語其父曰:『慎莫令驚,三日當愈。』 父承教敕,寂靜養視,至於三日,兒便吐氣而寤,狀如臥覺,即便起坐。須臾耆婆(Jivaka)亦來,兒歡喜出門迎,頭面作禮,長跪白言:『愿為耆婆(Jivaka)作奴,終身供養,以報再活之恩。』 耆婆(Jivaka)曰:『我為醫師,周行治病,病者之家,爭為我使,何用奴為?我母養我勤苦,我未有供養之恩報母。卿若欲謝我恩者,可與我五百兩金,以報我'

【English Translation】 English version: 'He will come today.' Then, in a short while, Jivaka (the famous physician) arrived. The woman was overjoyed and went out to greet him, bowing her head to his feet. Kneeling with her palms together, she said, 'I wish to be Jivaka's (the famous physician) servant, serving him for life, to repay the kindness of being brought back to life.' Jivaka (the famous physician) said, 'I am a physician, traveling around to treat illnesses, and I have no fixed abode. What use would I have for a servant? If you truly wish to repay my kindness, give me five hundred taels of gold. I do not need this gold for myself. The reason I ask for it is that when ordinary people learn the Way, they should thank their teacher. Although the teacher has nothing to teach me, I was once a disciple. Now that I have your gold, I will give it to him.' The woman then offered five hundred taels of gold to Jivaka (the famous physician), who accepted it and gave it to his teacher. Then he said to the king, 'I will temporarily return home to visit my mother, going to the country of Vaisali.' In the country, there was also a boy from the Kalavata family who loved to learn martial arts. He made a wooden horse, more than seven feet tall, and practiced on it every day, trying to learn how to mount it. He managed to get on the horse, and after practicing for a long time, he suddenly lost his footing and fell to the ground, dying instantly. When Jivaka (the famous physician) heard of this, he went and used his medicinal eye to examine the boy's abdomen. He saw that the liver was twisted backward, and the qi was blocked, causing his death. He then used a golden knife to cut open the abdomen, explored with his hands, and turned the liver back to its proper position. He then applied three kinds of divine ointment: one to heal the area where his hand had grasped, one to clear the flow of qi, and one to close the surgical wound. After finishing, he instructed the father, 'Be careful not to startle him; he will recover in three days.' The father followed the instructions and quietly cared for the boy. On the third day, the boy exhaled and woke up, as if waking from a nap. He immediately sat up. Soon after, Jivaka (the famous physician) also arrived. The boy joyfully went out to greet him, bowing his head to the ground, kneeling and saying, 'I wish to be Jivaka's (the famous physician) slave, serving him for life, to repay the kindness of being brought back to life.' Jivaka (the famous physician) said, 'I am a physician, traveling around to treat illnesses. The families of the sick are all vying to use me. What use would I have for a slave? My mother raised me with diligence and hardship, and I have not yet repaid her kindness. If you wish to thank me, you can give me five hundred taels of gold to repay my'


母恩。」於是取金以上奈女,還歸羅閱祇國。耆婆活此兩人,馳名天下,莫不聞知。

又南方有大國,去羅閱祇八千里,萍沙及諸小國皆臣屬之。其王疾病,積年不瘥,恒苦瞋恚,睚眥殺人,人舉目視之亦殺,低頭不仰亦殺,使人行遲亦殺,疾走亦殺。左右侍人,不知當何措手足。醫師合藥,輒嫌有毒亦殺之。前後所殺,宮女傍臣,及醫師之輩,不可稱數。病日增甚,毒熱攻心,煩滿短氣,如火燒身。聞有耆婆名,即為下書,敕萍沙王,徴召耆婆。

耆婆聞此王多殺醫師,大以恐怖,萍沙又憐其年小,恐為所殺,適欲不遣,畏見誅伐。父子相守,晝夜憂愁,不知何計。爾時,萍沙王乃將耆婆,俱往問佛。

佛告耆婆:「汝宿命時,與我約誓,俱當救護天下人病。我治內病,汝治外病,今我得佛,故如本願,會生我前。此王病篤,遠來迎汝,如何不往?急往救護之,好作方便,令病必愈,王不殺汝。」

耆婆便承佛威神,往到王所,診省脈理,及以藥王照之,見王五臟及百脈之中血氣擾擾,悉是蛇蠆之毒周匝身體。

耆婆白王:「王病可治,治之保愈,然宜得入見於太后,咨議合藥,若不見太后,藥終不成。」

王聞此語,不解其故,意甚欲怒,然患身病,宿聞耆婆之名,故遠迎

【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本:於是(她)拿了黃金以上供給女兒,然後返回羅閱祇國(Rājagṛha,古印度摩揭陀國首都)。耆婆(Jīvaka)治好了這兩個人,名聲傳遍天下,無人不知。 又南方有個大國,距離羅閱祇國(Rājagṛha)八千里,頻婆娑羅(Bimbisāra)以及其他小國都臣服於它。這個國王生病,多年沒有好轉,總是感到憤怒,動不動就殺人,人們抬頭看他也要被殺,低頭不看他也要被殺,讓人走慢了也要被殺,走快了也要被殺。左右侍奉的人,不知道該如何是好。醫生配藥,他總是懷疑有毒,也要殺掉醫生。前後被殺的宮女、近臣,以及醫生之類的人,數都數不清。病情一天比一天嚴重,毒熱攻心,煩躁胸悶,呼吸短促,如同火燒身。聽說有耆婆(Jīvaka)的名聲,就下令給頻婆娑羅王(Bimbisāra),徵召耆婆(Jīvaka)。 耆婆(Jīvaka)聽說這個國王殺了很多醫生,非常害怕。頻婆娑羅王(Bimbisāra)又憐憫他年紀小,擔心他被殺,本不想讓他去,又害怕被國王討伐。父子倆相對無言,日夜憂愁,不知道該怎麼辦。這時,頻婆娑羅王(Bimbisāra)就帶著耆婆(Jīvaka),一起去請教佛陀。 佛陀告訴耆婆(Jīvaka):『你前世曾與我約定,共同救護天下人的疾病。我治療內病,你治療外病,現在我成了佛,所以如你本來的願望,(你)會生在我的面前。這個國王病重,遠道而來迎接你,你怎麼能不去呢?趕快去救治他,好好想辦法,讓他的病一定能好,國王不會殺你的。』 耆婆(Jīvaka)於是憑藉佛陀的威神之力,前往國王那裡,診斷脈象,又用藥王來觀察,看到國王的五臟和百脈之中血氣紊亂,都是蛇蝎的毒素遍佈全身。 耆婆(Jīvaka)對國王說:『您的病可以治好,治好了一定能痊癒,但是應該讓我去拜見太后,商議配藥,如果見不到太后,藥就配不成。』 國王聽到這話,不明白其中的緣故,心裡非常生氣,但是因為身患疾病,早就聽說過耆婆(Jīvaka)的名聲,所以才遠道來迎接他。

【English Translation】 English version: Thereupon, she took gold and provided for her daughter, and then returned to the city of Rājagṛha (capital of the ancient Magadha kingdom in India). Jīvaka (a famous physician) cured these two people, and his name spread throughout the world, known to all. Furthermore, there was a large kingdom in the south, eight thousand li (ancient Chinese unit of distance) away from Rājagṛha (capital of the ancient Magadha kingdom in India), to which Bimbisāra (King of Magadha) and other small kingdoms were subordinate. Its king was ill, and had not recovered for many years. He was constantly angry, killing people at the slightest provocation. If people looked up at him, they would be killed; if they looked down, they would also be killed; if they walked slowly, they would be killed; if they walked quickly, they would be killed. The attendants around him did not know what to do. When physicians prepared medicine, he would suspect it was poisonous and kill them. The number of palace women, close ministers, and physicians who had been killed before and after was countless. His illness grew worse day by day, with toxic heat attacking his heart, causing agitation, shortness of breath, and a burning sensation throughout his body. Having heard of the fame of Jīvaka (a famous physician), he sent a decree to King Bimbisāra (King of Magadha), summoning Jīvaka (a famous physician). Jīvaka (a famous physician) heard that this king had killed many physicians and was greatly frightened. King Bimbisāra (King of Magadha) also pitied his young age and feared that he would be killed, so he initially did not want to send him, but he was afraid of being attacked by the king. Father and son were silent, worried day and night, not knowing what to do. At that time, King Bimbisāra (King of Magadha) took Jīvaka (a famous physician) to consult the Buddha. The Buddha told Jīvaka (a famous physician): 'In your past life, you made a vow with me to jointly save the diseases of all people in the world. I treat internal diseases, and you treat external diseases. Now that I have become a Buddha, it is according to your original wish that (you) will be born before me. This king is seriously ill and has come from afar to welcome you. How can you not go? Go quickly to treat him, think of a good way to ensure that his illness will be cured, and the king will not kill you.' Jīvaka (a famous physician) then, relying on the power of the Buddha, went to the king's place, diagnosed his pulse, and examined him with the 'Medicine King' (a method of diagnosis). He saw that the king's five internal organs and hundreds of meridians were in turmoil, and that the toxins of snakes and scorpions were all over his body. Jīvaka (a famous physician) said to the king: 'Your Majesty's illness can be cured, and if cured, it will surely be healed. However, I should be allowed to see the Queen Mother and discuss the preparation of the medicine. If I cannot see the Queen Mother, the medicine cannot be made.' When the king heard this, he did not understand the reason, and was very angry, but because he was suffering from illness and had long heard of the fame of Jīvaka (a famous physician), he had come from afar to welcome him.


之,冀必有益,且是小兒知無他奸,忍而聽之,即遣青衣黃門,將入見太后。

耆婆白太后:「王病可治,今當合藥,宜密啟其方,不得宣露,宜愿屏左右。」太后即遣青衣黃門去。耆婆因問太后:「向省王病,見王身中血氣,悉是蛇蠆之毒,似非人類,王為定是誰子?太后以實語我,我今能治;若不語我,我則不治,病不得愈。」

太后曰:「我昔曾於金柱殿中晝臥,忽有物來壓我身上,我時恍惚若夢若覺,狀如魘夢,遂與情通。忽然而寤,見有大蠆長三尺餘從我上去,則覺有胎,王實是此蠆子也。我羞恥此,未曾出口,童子今乃覺之,何若神妙!若病可治,愿以王命,委囑童子;今者治之,當用何藥?」

耆婆曰:「唯有醍醐耳。」太后曰:「咄!童子慎莫道此醍醐,而王大惡聞醍醐之氣,又惡聞醍醐之名,前後坐口道醍醐而死者,數百千人,汝今道此必當殺汝;以此飲王,終不得下,愿更用他藥。」

耆婆曰:「醍醐治毒,毒病惡聞醍醐是也。王病若微及是他毒,為有餘藥可以愈之。蠆毒既重,又已匝王身體,自非醍醐終不能消。今當煎煉化令成水,無氣無味,王意不覺,自當飲之,藥下必愈,無可憂也。」便出見王曰:「向入見太后,已啟藥方,今當合之,十五日當成。今我有五愿

【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本:因此,我希望這樣做一定有好處,而且這小孩看起來沒有其他惡意,所以就忍耐著聽他的,於是就派遣青衣黃門,帶他進去見太后。

耆婆(Jivaka,名醫)對太后說:『王的病可以醫治,現在應當配藥,應該秘密地告訴我藥方,不要泄露出去,最好屏退左右。』太后就遣走了青衣黃門。耆婆(Jivaka)於是問太后:『剛才我診察王的病情,看到王身體中的血氣,全部都是蛇蝎的毒素,看起來不像人類,王到底是誰的兒子?太后您如實告訴我,我現在就能醫治;如果不告訴我,我就不醫治,病就不能痊癒。』

太后說:『我過去曾經在金柱殿中白天睡覺,忽然有東西壓在我身上,我當時恍惚若夢若醒,狀態就像魘夢,於是就與它發生了關係。忽然醒來,看見有一隻大蝎子,長三尺多,從我身上離開,我就覺得有了身孕,王確實是這蝎子的兒子啊。我為此感到羞恥,從未曾說出口,你現在竟然察覺了,真是太神奇了!如果病可以醫治,我願意把王的性命,委託給你;現在要醫治,應當用什麼藥?』

耆婆(Jivaka)說:『只有醍醐(ghrita-manda,牛奶提煉的精華)了。』太后說:『哎!你可千萬不要說出醍醐(ghrita-manda)這個詞,王最討厭聽到醍醐(ghrita-manda)的氣味,又討厭聽到醍醐(ghrita-manda)的名字,以前因為說出醍醐(ghrita-manda)而死的,有數百千人,你現在說這個一定會殺了你的;用這個給王喝,最終也喝不下去,希望你用其他的藥。』

耆婆(Jivaka)說:『醍醐(ghrita-manda)能治療毒,有毒的病才討厭聽到醍醐(ghrita-manda)這個詞。王的病如果輕微,或者只是其他的毒,還有剩餘的藥可以醫治。蝎毒既然很重,又已經遍佈王的身體,如果不是醍醐(ghrita-manda)最終不能消除。現在應當煎熬煉化,使它變成水,沒有氣味,王不會察覺,自然會喝下去,藥一下去一定會痊癒,沒有什麼可擔心的。』於是出來見王說:『剛才進去見太后,已經說了藥方,現在應當配藥,十五天應當完成。現在我有五個願望』

【English Translation】 English version: Therefore, I hoped it would certainly be beneficial, and since this child seemed to have no other malicious intent, I endured and listened to him. Consequently, I dispatched a blue-clad eunuch to bring him in to see the Queen Mother.

Jivaka (the renowned physician) said to the Queen Mother, 'The King's illness can be cured. Now, medicine should be prepared. The prescription should be secretly revealed to me and not disclosed to anyone else. It is best to dismiss those around us.' The Queen Mother then dismissed the blue-clad eunuch. Jivaka then asked the Queen Mother, 'Earlier, when I examined the King's illness, I saw that the blood and vital energy in the King's body were all toxins of snakes and scorpions, appearing unlike those of a human. Who exactly is the King's son? If you tell me the truth, I can cure him now; if you do not tell me, I will not cure him, and the illness will not be healed.'

The Queen Mother said, 'In the past, I once slept during the day in the Golden Pillar Hall. Suddenly, something came and pressed upon my body. At that time, I was in a daze, half-dreaming, half-awake, in a state like a nightmare, and then I had relations with it. Suddenly waking up, I saw a large scorpion, more than three feet long, leaving my body, and I felt that I was pregnant. The King is indeed the son of this scorpion. I was ashamed of this and never spoke of it. You have now perceived it, how miraculous! If the illness can be cured, I am willing to entrust the King's life to you. Now, to cure it, what medicine should be used?'

Jivaka said, 'Only clarified butter (ghrita-manda, the essence of milk) will do.' The Queen Mother said, 'Alas! Be careful not to mention the word clarified butter (ghrita-manda), for the King greatly detests hearing the smell of clarified butter (ghrita-manda), and he also hates hearing the name of clarified butter (ghrita-manda). Hundreds and thousands of people have died before for mentioning clarified butter (ghrita-manda). If you say this now, you will surely be killed. If you give this to the King to drink, he will ultimately not swallow it. I hope you will use other medicine.'

Jivaka said, 'Clarified butter (ghrita-manda) cures poison, and it is because of the poison that the illness detests hearing the word clarified butter (ghrita-manda). If the King's illness is minor, or if it is just another poison, there is still medicine that can cure it. Since the scorpion poison is severe and has already spread throughout the King's body, if it is not clarified butter (ghrita-manda), it ultimately cannot be eliminated. Now, it should be decocted and refined to turn it into water, with no smell or taste. The King will not notice it and will naturally drink it. Once the medicine is taken, he will surely be cured, and there is nothing to worry about.' Then he came out to see the King and said, 'I went in to see the Queen Mother earlier and have already spoken of the prescription. Now, medicine should be prepared, and it should be completed in fifteen days. Now I have five wishes.'


,王若聽我,病即可愈;若不聽我,病不得愈。」

王問:「五愿盡何等事?」

耆婆曰:「一者、愿得王甲藏中新衣未歷軀者與我著之;二者、愿令我得獨自出入宮門門無訶者;三者、愿得日日獨入見太后及王皇后,莫禁訶我;四者、愿王飲藥,當一時令盡,莫得中息;五者、愿得王八千里白象與我乘之。」

王聞大怒曰:「鼠子!何敢求是五愿?促具解之,若不能解,今打殺汝。汝何故求我新衣?為欲殺我,便著我衣,詐作我身耶?」

耆婆曰:「合藥宜當精潔齋戒,而我來日經久,衣服皆被塵垢,固欲得王衣著之以合藥也。」

意便解曰:「如此,大佳!汝何故復欲自出入宮門令無禁訶?欲因此將兵來攻殺我耶?」

耆婆曰:「王前後使諸醫師,皆嫌疑之,無所委信,又誅殺之,不服其藥。群臣大小,皆言王當復殺我,而王病已甚,恐外人生心作亂。若令我自出入不見禁訶,外人大小皆知王信我,必服我藥,病必當愈,則不敢生逆亂之心也。」

王曰:「大佳!汝何故欲日日獨入,見我母及見我婦?欲作淫亂耶?」

耆婆曰:「王前後殺人甚多,臣下大小各懷恐怖,皆不願王之安隱,無可信者。今共合藥,因我顧睨之間,便投于毒藥,我所不覺,即非小事。

【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本:國王如果聽從我的,病就可以痊癒;如果不聽從我的,病就不能痊癒。

國王問:『這五個願望都是些什麼事?』

耆婆(Jivaka,人名,著名醫師)說:『第一,希望得到國王甲藏中沒有穿過的新衣服給我穿;第二,希望能夠獨自出入宮門,沒有人阻攔我;第三,希望能夠每天獨自進去見太后和王后,不要禁止我,也不要呵斥我;第四,希望國王喝藥的時候,能夠一次性喝完,不要中途停止;第五,希望得到國王的八千里白象給我乘坐。』

國王聽了非常生氣,說:『你這小子!怎麼敢求這五個願望?快點解釋清楚,如果不能解釋清楚,現在就打死你。你為什麼要我的新衣服?是想要殺我,就穿上我的衣服,假裝成我的樣子嗎?』

耆婆(Jivaka)說:『配藥的時候應該保持精潔齋戒,而我來這裡已經很久了,衣服都被塵土弄髒了,所以想要得到國王的衣服穿上,用來配藥。』

國王這才明白,說:『這樣,很好!你為什麼又要能夠自由出入宮門,沒有人禁止和呵斥?是想要藉此帶兵來攻打殺我嗎?』

耆婆(Jivaka)說:『國王之前任用了很多醫師,都懷疑他們,不信任他們,又殺掉了他們,不肯服用他們的藥。群臣上下,都說國王又要殺我了,而且國王的病已經很嚴重了,恐怕外面的人會產生異心作亂。如果讓我能夠自由出入,沒有人禁止和呵斥,外面的人都知道國王信任我,一定會服用我的藥,病也一定會好,那麼他們就不敢產生叛逆之心了。』

國王說:『很好!你為什麼想要每天獨自進去,見我的母親和我的妻子?是想要做**嗎?』

耆婆(Jivaka)說:『國王之前殺人太多了,臣下上下都懷著恐懼,都不希望國王平安,沒有可以信任的人。現在一起配藥,如果我在顧盼之間,他們就把毒藥投進去,我沒有察覺,那就不是小事了。

【English Translation】 English version: 'If the king listens to me, the illness can be cured; if he does not listen to me, the illness cannot be cured.'

The king asked, 'What kind of things are these five wishes?'

Jivaka (a personal name, a famous physician) said, 'First, I wish to have the new clothes from the king's armor vault that have not been worn, to wear; second, I wish to be able to enter and exit the palace gate alone, with no one to stop me; third, I wish to be able to enter alone every day to see the Queen Mother and the Queen, without being forbidden or scolded; fourth, I wish that when the king drinks the medicine, he can finish it all at once, without stopping halfway; fifth, I wish to have the king's white elephant that travels eight thousand miles, for me to ride.'

The king was very angry when he heard this, and said, 'You little rat! How dare you ask for these five wishes? Quickly explain them clearly, and if you cannot explain them clearly, I will beat you to death now. Why do you want my new clothes? Is it to kill me, then put on my clothes and pretend to be me?'

Jivaka (Jivaka) said, 'When preparing medicine, one should maintain purity and abstinence, but I have been here for a long time, and my clothes have been soiled by dust, so I want to get the king's clothes to wear for preparing the medicine.'

The king then understood and said, 'Okay, very good! Why do you want to be able to enter and exit the palace gate freely, without anyone forbidding or scolding you? Is it to take advantage of this to bring troops to attack and kill me?'

Jivaka (Jivaka) said, 'The king has employed many physicians before, but he suspected them all, did not trust them, and killed them, refusing to take their medicine. The officials, high and low, all say that the king is going to kill me again, and the king's illness is already very serious, I am afraid that outsiders will have ulterior motives and cause chaos. If I am allowed to enter and exit freely, without anyone forbidding or scolding me, outsiders will know that the king trusts me, and will definitely take my medicine, and the illness will definitely be cured, then they will not dare to have rebellious thoughts.'

The king said, 'Okay, very good! Why do you want to enter alone every day to see my mother and my wife? Do you want to commit adultery?'

Jivaka (Jivaka) said, 'The king has killed too many people before, and the officials, high and low, are all filled with fear, and do not wish the king peace, and there is no one to trust. Now we are preparing medicine together, and if in the blink of an eye, they put poison in it, and I do not notice, then it is no small matter.'


因思惟天下可信者,恩情無二,唯有母與婦,固欲入見太后皇后,與共合藥當煎,十五日乃成,固欲日日得入伺候火劑耳。」

王曰:「大佳!汝何故使我飲藥一時令盡,不得中息?為欲內毒恐我覺耶?」

耆婆曰:「藥有劑數,氣味宜當相及,若其中息,則氣不相繼。」

王曰:「大佳!汝何故欲得我白象乘之?此像是我國寶,一日行八千里,我所以威伏諸國,正怙此象;汝欲乘之,為欲盜以歸家,與汝父攻我國耶?」

耆婆曰:「乃南界山中,有神妙藥草,去此四千里,王服藥宜當即得此草,重複服之。固欲乘此白象詣往采之,朝去暮還,令藥味相及也。」王意大解,皆悉聽之。

於是,耆婆煎煉醍醐,十五日成,化如清水,凡得五升,便與太后皇后,俱捧藥出,白王:「可服,愿鞁白象,預置殿前。」王即聽之。

王見藥,但如清水,初無氣味,不知是醍醐,又太后、皇后身自臨合,信其非毒,便如本約,一服而盡。

耆婆便乘象,逕歸其本國。適行三千里,耆婆年小力勢尚微,不堪疾迅,頭眩疲極,便止山間臥息。

到日過中,王噫氣出,聞醍醐臭,便大怒曰:「小鼠子以醍醐中我,我怪鼠子所以求我白象,正欲以叛去耳。」

王有勇士之臣,名曰

【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本:耆婆心想,天下最可信任的,莫過於恩情深厚的母親和妻子了。因此,他想入宮拜見太后和皇后,與她們一同調製藥物,需要十五天才能完成。他希望能每天都能入宮,以便照看火候。' 國王說:'很好!你為什麼要讓我一次性喝完所有的藥,不讓我中間休息?是不是想在藥里下毒,怕我察覺?' 耆婆說:'藥有固定的劑量,各種藥的氣味應該相互配合,如果中間停止,藥效就不能連續。' 國王說:'很好!你為什麼要得到我的白象騎乘?這頭像是我國的寶貝,一天能走八千里,我之所以能威懾各國,正是依靠這頭象。你想騎它,是不是想偷回你家,和你父親一起攻打我國?' 耆婆說:'在南邊的山中,有一種神奇的藥草,距離這裡四千里,大王服藥后應該立即得到這種藥草,重複服用。我想要騎這頭白象去採藥,早上出發,晚上回來,讓藥味能夠相互配合。'國王這才放下心來,完全聽從了他的安排。 於是,耆婆煎熬提醐(一種從牛奶中提取的精華),十五天完成,看起來像清水一樣,總共得到五升。他便與太后、皇后一同捧著藥出來,告訴國王:'可以服用了,請準備好白象,預先安置在殿前。'國王便聽從了他的安排。 國王看到藥,只像清水一樣,起初沒有任何氣味,不知道是提醐,又因為太后、皇后親自參與調製,相信其中沒有毒,便按照之前的約定,一次性喝完了。 耆婆便騎著象,直接回到他的國家。剛走了三千里,耆婆因為年紀小,體力還不夠,無法承受如此快速的行進,感到頭暈疲憊,便在山間停下來休息。 到了中午,國王打了個嗝,聞到了提醐的味道,便大怒道:'這小老鼠用提醐來害我,我奇怪這老鼠為什麼要我的白象,原來是想叛逃啊。' 國王有一位勇猛的臣子,名叫……

【English Translation】 English version: Jivaka thought, 'Among all things in the world that can be trusted, nothing surpasses the kindness of one's mother and wife. Therefore, I wish to enter the palace to see the Queen Mother and the Queen, and together with them, prepare the medicine, which will take fifteen days to complete. I wish to be able to enter the palace every day to tend to the fire.' The King said, 'Very well! Why do you want me to drink all the medicine at once, without allowing me to rest in between? Is it because you want to poison me and fear that I will notice?' Jivaka said, 'The medicine has a fixed dosage, and the flavors should complement each other. If there is a break in between, the effects will not be continuous.' The King said, 'Very well! Why do you want to ride my white elephant? This elephant is a treasure of my kingdom, traveling eight thousand li (a Chinese unit of distance) in a day. The reason I can subdue various countries is precisely because I rely on this elephant. Do you want to ride it to steal it back to your home and attack my kingdom with your father?' Jivaka said, 'In the southern mountains, there is a miraculous medicinal herb, four thousand li away from here. After the King takes the medicine, he should immediately obtain this herb and take it again. I wish to ride this white elephant to gather it, leaving in the morning and returning in the evening, so that the flavors of the medicine can complement each other.' The King was relieved and completely listened to his arrangements. Therefore, Jivaka decocted and refined ghee (a type of clarified butter), completing it in fifteen days. It looked like clear water, and he obtained a total of five sheng (a Chinese unit of volume). He then went out with the Queen Mother and the Queen, holding the medicine, and told the King, 'It can be taken. Please prepare the white elephant and place it in front of the palace.' The King listened to his arrangements. The King saw the medicine, which looked like clear water and initially had no taste. He did not know it was ghee. Moreover, because the Queen Mother and the Queen had personally participated in the preparation, he believed it was not poison and drank it all at once, as agreed. Jivaka then rode the elephant and went directly back to his country. After traveling three thousand li, Jivaka, being young and lacking strength, could not withstand such rapid progress. He felt dizzy and exhausted, so he stopped to rest in the mountains. At midday, the King burped and smelled the odor of ghee. He became furious and said, 'This little rat poisoned me with ghee! No wonder the rat wanted my white elephant; he intended to defect!' The King had a brave and strong minister named...


為烏,唯烏神足步行,能及此象。即呼烏曰:「汝急往逐取鼠來,生將以還,我自目前捶殺之。汝性常不能廉,貪于飲食,故名為烏。此醫師輩,多喜行毒,若鼠為汝設食,慎莫食之!」

烏受敕便行,及之於山中,烏曰:「汝何故以醍醐中王,而言是藥?王故令我追呼汝還,汝急隨我還,陳謝自首,庶可望活。汝若欲走,今必殺汝,終不得脫。」

耆婆自念:「我雖作方便求此白象,復不得脫,今當復作方便,何可隨去?」乃謂烏曰:「我朝來未食,還必當死,寧可假我須臾,得於山間啖果飲水,飽而就死乎!」

烏見耆婆小兒畏死懼怖,言辭辛苦,矜而聽之曰:「促食當去,不得久留。」

耆婆乃取一梨,嚙食其半,以毒藥著爪甲中,以分余半,便置於地;又取一杯水,先飲其半,又行爪下毒于余水中,復置於地。乃嘆曰:「此水及梨,皆是天藥,既清香且美,其飲食此者,令人身安,百病皆愈,氣力兼倍。恨其不在國都之下,百姓當共得之,而在深山之中,人不知也,便進入山,索求他木果。」

烏性既貪,不能忍于飢渴,又聞耆婆嘆爲神藥,亦見耆婆已飲食之,謂必無毒,便取余梨啖,盡飲余水,即便下痢,痢如注水,躄地而臥起輒眩倒,不能復動。

耆婆往語之曰:

【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本: 烏鴉是唯一能以神足通步行的,可以追上這頭象的鳥。於是國王呼喚烏鴉說:『你趕緊去追捕那隻老鼠回來,要活捉帶回來,我親自當面捶殺它。你天性常常不知廉恥,貪圖飲食,所以才叫作烏鴉。那些醫生之流,大多喜歡用毒,如果老鼠為你設定食物,你千萬不要吃!』 烏鴉接受命令便出發了,在山中追上了老鼠,烏鴉說:『你為什麼要把醍醐中的國王,說成是藥?國王因此命令我來追你回去,你趕快跟我回去,陳述謝罪,或許可以有望活命。你如果想要逃跑,現在必定殺了你,最終也逃脫不了。』 耆婆心想:『我即使用方便之法來求得這頭白象,也無法逃脫,現在應當再想個辦法,怎麼能跟他回去呢?』於是對烏鴉說:『我早上到現在還沒有吃東西,回去必定會死,寧可寬限我一會兒,讓我可以在山間吃些果子喝些水,吃飽了再去死吧!』 烏鴉看見耆婆小孩畏懼死亡,言辭懇切,憐憫他而答應說:『快點吃完就走,不能久留。』 耆婆於是拿出一個梨,咬吃了一半,用毒藥放在指甲中,把剩下的一半梨,就放在地上;又拿一杯水,先喝了一半,又用指甲中的毒藥放在剩下的水中,也放在地上。於是嘆息說:『這水和梨,都是天上的神藥,既清香又美味,如果飲食了這些,就能使人身體安康,百病都痊癒,氣力加倍。可惜它不在國都之下,百姓應當可以一起得到它,而是在深山之中,沒有人知道,』便進入山中,尋找其他的木果。 烏鴉天性貪婪,不能忍受飢渴,又聽見耆婆讚歎是神藥,又看見耆婆已經吃喝了,認為必定沒有毒,便拿剩下的梨吃,喝光剩下的水,隨即開始腹瀉,瀉得像水一樣,癱倒在地,起身就頭暈目眩,不能再動彈。 耆婆走過去對烏鴉說:

【English Translation】 English version: The crow was the only one who could travel with divine speed and catch up with this elephant. So the king called the crow and said, 'You quickly go and capture that rat and bring it back alive, I will personally beat it to death in front of me. Your nature is always shameless and greedy for food, that's why you are called a crow. Those doctors mostly like to use poison, if the rat sets out food for you, be careful not to eat it!' The crow accepted the order and set off, catching up with the rat in the mountains. The crow said, 'Why did you say that the king in the ghee was medicine? The king therefore ordered me to chase you back, you quickly come back with me, confess your guilt, perhaps you can hope to live. If you want to run away, I will definitely kill you now, and you will not be able to escape in the end.' Jivaka (name of the doctor) thought to himself, 'Even if I use expedient means to obtain this white elephant, I will not be able to escape, now I should think of another way, how can I go back with him?' So he said to the crow, 'I haven't eaten since morning, going back I will surely die, would you rather give me a moment, so that I can eat some fruits and drink some water in the mountains, and then die when I am full!' The crow saw that the child Jivaka was afraid of death, and his words were earnest, he pitied him and agreed, saying, 'Eat quickly and leave, you can't stay long.' So Jivaka took a pear, bit and ate half of it, put poison in his fingernails, and put the remaining half of the pear on the ground; he also took a cup of water, drank half of it first, and then put the poison from his fingernails in the remaining water, and also put it on the ground. Then he sighed and said, 'This water and pear are both heavenly medicines, both fragrant and delicious, if you eat and drink these, you can make your body healthy, all diseases will be cured, and your strength will be doubled. It is a pity that it is not under the capital, the people should be able to get it together, but it is in the deep mountains, and no one knows,' then he entered the mountains to search for other tree fruits. The crow's nature was greedy, unable to endure hunger and thirst, and also heard Jivaka praise it as a divine medicine, and also saw that Jivaka had already eaten and drank it, thinking that it must be non-toxic, he took the remaining pear and ate it, drank all the remaining water, and immediately began to have diarrhea, diarrhea like pouring water, collapsed on the ground, and when he got up he was dizzy, unable to move again. Jivaka went over and said to the crow:


「王服我藥,病必當愈。然今藥力未行,餘毒未盡,我今往者必當殺我。汝無所知,起欲得我以解身負,固使汝病。病自無苦,慎莫動搖,三日當瘥;若遂起逐我,必死不疑。」便上象而去。

耆婆則過墟聚,語伍長曰:「此是大國王使,今忽得病,汝等急往舁取歸家,好養護之,厚其牀蓆,給與麋粥,慎莫令死,若令死者,王滅汝國。」語畢便去,遂歸本國。

伍長承敕,迎取養護,三日毒歇下絕。烏便歸見王,叩頭自陳曰:「我實愚癡,違負王教,信耆婆言,飲食其餘果水,為毒所中,下痢三日,始今旦瘥,自知當死。」

比烏還三日之中,王病已瘥,王自追念,悔遣烏行,見烏來還,且悲且喜曰:「賴卿不即將兒還,當我恚時必當捶殺。我得其恩,命得生活,而反殺之,逆戾罪不細也。」即悔前後所枉殺者,悉更厚葬,復其家門賜與錢財。思見耆婆欲報其恩,即遣使者奉迎耆婆。耆婆雖知王病已瘥,猶懷余怖,不欲復往。耆婆復詣佛所,接足頂禮,白佛言:「世尊!彼土遣使來喚,可往不?」

佛告耆婆:「汝本宿命,已有弘誓,當成功德,何得中止?今應更往。汝已治其外病,我亦復當治其內病。」

耆婆便隨使者去,王見耆娑,而大歡喜,引與同坐,把持其臂曰:「賴蒙仁

【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本: 『你服用了我的藥,病一定會好。然而現在藥力還沒有發揮作用,餘毒還沒有清除乾淨,我現在去一定會被你殺死。你什麼都不知道,起身想要抓我回去,來解除你身體的痛苦,這反而會使你的病情加重。病痛本身並不可怕,千萬不要輕舉妄動,三天後就會痊癒;如果一定要起身追趕我,必定會死無疑。』說完,耆婆就騎著象離開了。

耆婆於是經過村莊,告訴村長說:『這是大國王的使者,現在突然得了病,你們趕快去把他擡回家,好好地照顧他,鋪厚他的床鋪,給他提供米粥,千萬不要讓他死了,如果讓他死了,國王會滅掉你們的國家。』說完就離開了,於是回到自己的國家。

村長接受命令,迎接並照顧他,三天後毒性消退乾淨。烏便回去見國王,叩頭自己陳述說:『我實在愚蠢,違背了國王的教導,相信了耆婆的話,飲食了其他的果水,被毒所傷,腹瀉了三天,今天早上才痊癒,自知應當死去。』

在比烏回去的三天里,國王的病已經痊癒,國王自己回想,後悔派烏去,見到烏回來,又悲傷又高興地說:『幸虧你沒有立刻把孩子帶回來,如果在我生氣的時候,一定會把他打死。我得到他的恩惠,性命得以保全,反而要殺了他,這種悖逆的罪過不小啊。』於是後悔之前所冤枉殺害的人,全部重新厚葬,恢復他們的家門,賜予他們錢財。想要見到耆婆報答他的恩情,就派遣使者去迎接耆婆。耆婆雖然知道國王的病已經痊癒,仍然懷有餘悸,不想再去。耆婆再次前往佛陀(Buddha)處,接足頂禮,對佛陀說:『世尊(World-Honored One)!那個國家派遣使者來召喚我,可以去嗎?』

佛陀告訴耆婆:『你本來的宿命中,已經有弘大的誓願,應當成就功德,怎麼能夠中止呢?現在應該再去。你已經治好了他的外在疾病,我也將要治好他的內在疾病。』

耆婆於是跟隨使者去了,國王見到耆婆,非常高興,拉著他一起坐下,握著他的手臂說:『多虧了您的仁

【English Translation】 English version: 'You took my medicine, and your illness will surely be cured. However, the medicine's effect has not yet taken hold, and the remaining poison has not been completely eliminated. If I go now, I will surely be killed by you. You know nothing, and getting up to try to bring me back to relieve your physical suffering will only worsen your condition. The illness itself is not to be feared; do not act rashly. You will recover in three days. If you insist on getting up to chase me, you will undoubtedly die.' After saying this, Jivaka (耆婆) rode away on the elephant.

Jivaka (耆婆) then passed through a village and told the village headman: 'This is the envoy of the great king, who has suddenly fallen ill. You must quickly go and carry him back home, take good care of him, make his bed comfortable, provide him with rice porridge, and be careful not to let him die. If he dies, the king will destroy your country.' After speaking, he left and returned to his own country.

The village headman accepted the order, welcomed and cared for him, and after three days, the poison completely subsided. The envoy Wu (烏) then returned to see the king, kowtowed, and confessed: 'I was truly foolish, disobeying the king's instructions, believing Jivaka's (耆婆) words, and consuming other fruits and water, which poisoned me, causing diarrhea for three days. I have only recovered this morning and know that I deserve to die.'

During the three days that Wu (烏) was returning, the king's illness had already healed. The king reflected on his actions and regretted sending Wu (烏). Seeing Wu (烏) return, he was both sad and happy, saying: 'Fortunately, you did not immediately bring the child back. If I had been angry, I would have beaten him to death. I received his kindness and my life was saved, yet I was going to kill him. Such a rebellious crime is no small matter.' He then regretted the wrongful killings he had committed before, had them all reburied with honor, restored their families, and bestowed money and wealth upon them. He wanted to see Jivaka (耆婆) to repay his kindness, so he sent messengers to welcome Jivaka (耆婆). Although Jivaka (耆婆) knew that the king's illness had healed, he still harbored lingering fear and did not want to go again. Jivaka (耆婆) went to the Buddha (佛陀) again, prostrated himself at the Buddha's feet, and said to the Buddha (佛陀): 'World-Honored One (世尊)! That country has sent messengers to summon me. May I go?'

The Buddha (佛陀) told Jivaka (耆婆): 'In your past life, you already had a great vow to accomplish merit and virtue. How can you stop now? You should go again. You have already cured his external illness, and I will also cure his internal illness.'

Jivaka (耆婆) then went with the messengers. The king was very happy to see Jivaka (耆婆), pulled him to sit down together, and held his arm, saying: 'Thanks to your kind


者之恩,今得更生,當何以報?當分國土以半相與,宮內婇女,庫藏寶物,悉當分半,幸愿仁者受之。」

耆婆曰:「我本為太子,雖是小國,亦有人民珍寶具足,不樂治國故求為醫,當行治病,當用土地婇女寶物為?皆所不用。王前聽我五愿,外病得愈,若重複聽我一愿,內病可復除愈。」

王曰:「唯聽仁教,請復聞一愿之事。」

耆婆曰:「愿王請佛,從受明法。」便為王說佛之功德巍巍特尊。

王聞大喜曰:「今欲遣烏臣白象迎佛,可得致不?」耆婆曰:「不用白象也,佛解一切,遙知人心所念,但宿齋戒清凈,供具燒香,遙請向佛作禮,長跪白請,佛必自來。」王如其言。

佛明日與千二百五十比丘俱來,飲食已畢,為王說經,王意開解,便發無上正真道心,舉國大小,皆受五戒,各各恭敬,作禮而去。

又奈女生既奇異,長又聰明,從父學問,博知經道星曆諸術,殊勝于父,加達聲樂,音如梵天。諸迦羅越,及梵志家女,合五百人,皆往從學,以為大師。

奈女常從五百弟子講受經術,或相與遊戲園池,及作音樂。國人不解其故,便生謗議,呼為淫女,五百弟子皆號淫黨。

又奈女生,時國中復有須曼女及波曇女,亦同時俱生。

須曼女者,生

【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本:『您的恩情,讓我得以重生,應當如何報答呢?我願意分一半國土給您,宮內的妃嬪,庫藏的寶物,都分一半給您,希望您能接受。』 耆婆(Jivaka,名醫)說:『我本來是太子,即使是小國,也有人民和充足的珍寶,我不喜歡治理國家才求學醫術,難道要用土地、妃嬪、寶物來行醫嗎?這些我都用不著。大王之前答應我五個願望,外面的疾病已經痊癒,如果再答應我一個願望,裡面的疾病也可以痊癒。』 國王說:『一切聽從您的教誨,請說出您另外一個願望。』 耆婆(Jivaka,名醫)說:『希望大王迎請佛陀(Buddha),接受佛陀開示的明法。』於是為國王講述佛陀(Buddha)的功德巍峨殊勝。 國王聽了非常高興地說:『現在想派烏臣(大臣名)和白象去迎接佛陀(Buddha),可以請到嗎?』耆婆(Jivaka,名醫)說:『不用白象,佛陀(Buddha)通曉一切,遙遠地知道人們心中的想法,只要您齋戒清凈,準備好供品燒香,遙向佛陀(Buddha)作禮,長跪請求,佛陀(Buddha)必定會親自前來。』國王按照他說的做了。 佛陀(Buddha)第二天與一千二百五十位比丘(bhiksu,出家修行的男性佛教徒)一同前來,用齋完畢,為國王說法,國王心意開解,便發起無上正真道心(anuttara-samyak-sambodhi-citta,追求最高智慧的心),舉國上下,都受持五戒(panca-sila,佛教的基本倫理規範),各自恭敬作禮而去。 又,奈女(Nai woman,人名)出生時就很奇異,長大后又聰明,跟隨父親學習,博學經書、星象曆法等各種技藝,勝過她的父親,尤其精通聲樂,聲音如同梵天(Brahma,印度教的創造神)。各地的居士(upasaka,在家修行的佛教徒),以及婆羅門(Brahmin,印度教的祭司)家的女子,共五百人,都來跟隨她學習,把她當作老師。 奈女(Nai woman,人名)經常帶領五百名弟子講授經書技藝,或者一起在園林水池中游玩,以及演奏音樂。國人不瞭解其中的緣由,便產生誹謗議論,稱她為**,五百名弟子都被稱為淫黨。 又,奈女(Nai woman,人名)出生時,國內還有須曼女(Suman woman,人名)和波曇女(Potam woman,人名),也同時出生。 須曼女(Suman woman,人名)出生時,

【English Translation】 English version: 'Your kindness has given me a new life. How should I repay you? I am willing to give you half of my kingdom, the concubines in the palace, and half of the treasures in the treasury. I hope you will accept them.' Jivaka (Jivaka, famous doctor) said, 'I was originally a prince. Even though it is a small country, it has people and sufficient treasures. I do not enjoy governing the country, so I sought to study medicine. Would I use land, concubines, and treasures to practice medicine? I do not need any of these. Your Majesty previously agreed to my five wishes. The external illness has been cured. If you agree to one more wish, the internal illness can also be cured.' The king said, 'I will listen to your teachings. Please tell me about your other wish.' Jivaka (Jivaka, famous doctor) said, 'I hope that Your Majesty will invite the Buddha (Buddha) and receive the clear Dharma that the Buddha teaches.' Then he told the king about the Buddha's (Buddha) majestic and supreme merits. The king was very happy to hear this and said, 'Now I want to send Uchen (name of a minister) and a white elephant to welcome the Buddha (Buddha). Is it possible to invite him?' Jivaka (Jivaka, famous doctor) said, 'There is no need for a white elephant. The Buddha (Buddha) understands everything and knows what people are thinking from afar. As long as you fast and purify yourself, prepare offerings and burn incense, respectfully bow to the Buddha (Buddha) from afar, and kneel and request, the Buddha (Buddha) will surely come in person.' The king did as he said. The next day, the Buddha (Buddha) came with twelve hundred and fifty bhikshus (bhiksu, male Buddhist monks who have left home to practice). After the meal, he preached to the king. The king's mind was opened, and he developed the supreme right and true mind (anuttara-samyak-sambodhi-citta, the mind seeking the highest wisdom). The whole country, from top to bottom, observed the five precepts (panca-sila, basic ethical guidelines in Buddhism), and each respectfully bowed and left. Furthermore, Nai woman (Nai woman, personal name) was extraordinary at birth, and grew up to be intelligent. She studied with her father and was learned in scriptures, astrology, calendrical calculations, and various arts, surpassing her father. She was especially proficient in music, and her voice was like Brahma's (Brahma, the Hindu god of creation). Lay Buddhists (upasaka, Buddhist practitioners at home) from various places, as well as women from Brahmin (Brahmin, Hindu priests) families, a total of five hundred people, came to study with her, regarding her as their teacher. Nai woman (Nai woman, personal name) often led five hundred disciples in lecturing on scriptures and arts, or playing together in gardens and ponds, and making music. The people of the country did not understand the reason for this, and so they slandered and gossiped, calling her a prostitute, and the five hundred disciples were all called a licentious gang. Also, at the time of Nai woman's (Nai woman, personal name) birth, there were also Suman woman (Suman woman, personal name) and Potam woman (Potam woman, personal name) in the country, who were born at the same time. When Suman woman (Suman woman, personal name) was born,


于須曼華中,國有迦羅越家,常笮須曼,以為香膏,笮膏石邊,忽作瘤節,大如彈丸,日日長大,至如手拳,石便爆破,見石節之中,耿耿如螢火,光射出墮地。三日而生須曼,又三日成華,華舒中有小女兒,迦羅越取養之,名曰須曼女。長大姝好,才明智慧,亞次奈女。

時又有梵志家,浴池中自然生青蓮華,華特加大,日日益長,如五斗瓶。華舒見中有女兒,梵志取養之,名曰波曇女。長大又好,才明智慧,如須曼女。

諸國王聞此二女顏容絕世,交來求娉之。二女曰:「我生不由胞胎,乃出草華之中,是與凡人不同,豈宜當隨世人乃復嫁耶?」聞奈女聰明世無與等,又生與我同體,皆辭父母,往事奈女,求作弟子,明智博達,皆勝五百人。

佛時游維耶離國,奈女便將弟子五百,出城迎佛,頭面作禮,長跪白言:「愿佛明日到我園中飯食。」佛默然受之,奈女還歸供具。

佛進入城,國王又出宮迎佛,禮畢長跪請佛,愿佛明日到宮。佛言:「奈女向已前請,王后之矣。」

王曰:「我為國王,至心請佛,必望哀許!奈女但是淫女,日日將從五百淫弟子行作不軌,佛何為舍我而應其請?」

佛言:「此女非淫,其宿命有大功德,已供養三億佛。昔奈女又常與須曼、波曇,俱

【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本:在須曼華(Sumanhua)中,有個迦羅越(Kaluoyue)家,經常榨取須曼(Suman)花,用來製作香膏。在榨膏的石頭旁邊,忽然長出一個瘤節,大小如彈丸,每天都長大,到後來像手拳一樣大。石頭便爆裂開,看見石節之中,閃閃發光如同螢火蟲,光芒射出並墜落到地上。過了三天就生出須曼(Suman)花,又過了三天花就開了,花中有一個小女孩。迦羅越(Kaluoyue)把她抱來撫養,給她取名叫須曼女(Sumannv)。長大后容貌美麗,才華和智慧,僅次於奈女(Nainv)。 當時又有一個梵志(Banzhi)家,浴池中自然生長出一朵青蓮華(Qinglianhua),花特別大,每天都生長,像五斗瓶一樣大。花開后看見裡面有一個女孩,梵志(Banzhi)把她抱來撫養,給她取名叫波曇女(Botanv)。長大后也很美麗,才華和智慧,和須曼女(Sumannv)一樣。 各國的國王聽說這兩個女子容貌絕世,都爭相前來求娶。兩個女子說:『我們出生不是通過胞胎,而是從草華中生出來的,這和凡人不同,怎麼能像世俗之人那樣嫁人呢?』聽說奈女(Nainv)聰明,世上沒有人能比得上,而且出生和我們一樣,於是都辭別父母,前去侍奉奈女(Nainv),請求做她的弟子。她們明智博達,都勝過五百人。 當時佛在維耶離國(Weiyeli country)游化,奈女(Nainv)就帶領五百個弟子,出城迎接佛,頭面著地行禮,長跪著稟告說:『希望佛明天到我的園中來吃飯。』佛默然答應了。奈女(Nainv)回去準備供養的物品。 佛進入城中,國王也出宮迎接佛,行禮完畢后長跪著請求佛,希望佛明天到王宮去。佛說:『奈女(Nainv)先前已經邀請過了,你遲了。』 國王說:『我是國王,真心誠意地邀請佛,一定希望得到您的應允!奈女(Nainv)只是個**,每天帶著五百個淫蕩的弟子做不合規矩的事情,佛為什麼捨棄我而答應她的邀請呢?』 佛說:『這個女子不是淫蕩之人,她宿世有很大的功德,已經供養過三億佛。過去奈女(Nainv)又經常和須曼(Suman)、波曇(Botan)一起,都』

【English Translation】 English version: In Sumanhua (Sumanhua), there was a family named Kaluoyue (Kaluoyue), who often squeezed Suman (Suman) flowers to make fragrant ointment. Beside the stone used for squeezing the ointment, a tumor suddenly grew, as small as a pellet, growing larger day by day, until it was as big as a fist. The stone then burst open, and within the stone node, there was a glimmer like a firefly, its light shooting out and falling to the ground. After three days, a Suman (Suman) flower grew, and after another three days, the flower bloomed, and within the flower was a little girl. Kaluoyue (Kaluoyue) took her in and raised her, naming her Sumannv (Sumannv). When she grew up, she was beautiful, and her talent and wisdom were second only to Nainv (Nainv). At that time, there was also a family of Banzhi (Banzhi), in whose bathing pool a Qinglianhua (Qinglianhua) naturally grew. The flower was especially large, growing larger day by day, like a five-peck bottle. When the flower bloomed, a girl was seen inside. The Banzhi (Banzhi) took her in and raised her, naming her Botanv (Botanv). When she grew up, she was also beautiful, and her talent and wisdom were the same as Sumannv (Sumannv). The kings of various countries heard that these two women were peerless in beauty, and they all came to seek their hand in marriage. The two women said, 'We were not born from a womb, but from grass flowers, which is different from ordinary people. How can we marry like worldly people?' Hearing that Nainv (Nainv) was intelligent and unmatched in the world, and that she was born in the same way as us, they bid farewell to their parents and went to serve Nainv (Nainv), asking to become her disciples. They were wise and knowledgeable, surpassing five hundred people. At that time, the Buddha was traveling in Weiyeli country (Weiyeli country). Nainv (Nainv) led five hundred disciples out of the city to welcome the Buddha, prostrating with their heads to the ground, and kneeling to report, 'May the Buddha come to my garden for a meal tomorrow.' The Buddha silently agreed. Nainv (Nainv) returned to prepare the offerings. The Buddha entered the city, and the king also came out of the palace to welcome the Buddha. After the ceremony, he knelt and requested the Buddha, hoping that the Buddha would come to the palace tomorrow. The Buddha said, 'Nainv (Nainv) has already invited me, you are late.' The king said, 'I am the king, sincerely inviting the Buddha, and I certainly hope to be granted your permission! Nainv (Nainv) is just a **, who takes five hundred lewd disciples every day to do unruly things. Why does the Buddha abandon me and accept her invitation?' The Buddha said, 'This woman is not lewd. She has great merit from her past lives and has already made offerings to three hundred million Buddhas. In the past, Nainv (Nainv) often with Suman (Suman), Botan (Botan), all'


為姊妹,奈女最大,須曼次之,波曇最小,生於大姓家,財寶饒富。姊妹相率,共供養五百比丘尼,日日施設飲食,及作衣服,隨所乏無,皆悉供之,盡其壽命。三人常誓言:『愿我後世逢佛,得自然化生,不由胞胎,遠離垢穢。』今如本願,生值我時。

「又昔雖供養比丘尼,然其豪富家兒,言語憍逸,時時或戲比丘尼曰:『諸道人於邑日久,必當欲嫁也。迫有我等供養撿押,不得放恣情意耳。』故今者受此餘殃,雖日讀經行道,而虛被誹謗生。此五百弟子,時亦併力相助供養,同心歡喜,今故會此,果復相隨。

「耆婆時為貧家作子,見奈女供養,意甚慕樂,而無資財,乃常為比丘尼掃除,潔凈已輒發念言:『令我能掃除天下人身病穢,如是快耶!』奈女矜其貧窮,又加勤力,常呼為子。其比丘尼有疾病,常使耆婆迎醫及合湯藥,曰:『令汝後世與我共獲是福。』耆婆迎醫,所治悉愈,乃誓曰:『愿我後世為大醫王,常治一切人身四大之病,所向皆愈。』宿日因緣,今故為奈女作子,皆如其本願。」王聞佛言,乃長跪悔過,卻期後日。

佛明日便與諸比丘,到奈女園,具為說本願功德。三女聞經開解,並五百弟子,同時歡喜,皆得阿羅漢道。

佛告阿難:「汝當受持,為四眾說,莫令斷

【現代漢語翻譯】 她們是三姐妹,奈女(Nai Nü,意為奈女)最大,須曼(Xū Màn,意為須曼)次之,波曇(Bō Tán,意為波曇)最小,都出生於富貴人家,擁有大量的財富。姐妹們一起供養五百位比丘尼(Bǐqiūní,意為比丘尼),每天佈施飲食,並提供衣服,凡是她們所缺乏的,都全部供給,直到她們生命的盡頭。三姐妹常常發誓說:『愿我們來世能夠遇到佛陀,能夠自然化生,不從母胎出生,遠離污垢。』現在如她們所愿,出生在佛陀住世的時代。 『又往昔她們雖然供養比丘尼,但是因為是豪門富家子女,言語驕縱放肆,時常戲弄比丘尼說:『各位道人在我們這裡住了這麼久,一定很想嫁人吧。幸好有我們供養和管束著,才不能放縱自己的情慾。』所以現在遭受這樣的余報,雖然每天誦經修行,卻無端遭受誹謗。這五百位弟子,當時也一起盡力幫助供養,同心歡喜,所以今天才會聚集在這裡,果報又互相隨順。 『耆婆(Qí Pó,意為耆婆)當時是貧窮人家的孩子,看到奈女供養比丘尼,心裡非常羨慕,但是沒有資財,於是常常為比丘尼掃地,打掃乾淨后就發願說:『如果我能掃除天下人身上的疾病污穢,那是多麼快樂啊!』奈女憐憫他貧窮,又很勤勞,常常叫他兒子。比丘尼有疾病,常常讓耆婆去請醫生,並調和湯藥,說:『讓你來世和我一起獲得這個福報。』耆婆請來的醫生,所治療的都痊癒了,於是發誓說:『愿我來世成為偉大的醫王,常常醫治一切人身體四大不調的疾病,所到之處都能痊癒。』宿世的因緣,所以現在為奈女的兒子,都如他們往昔的願望。』國王聽了佛陀的話,於是長跪懺悔,推遲了約定的日期。 佛陀第二天就和眾比丘來到奈女的花園,詳細地為她們講述了往昔的願力和功德。三姐妹聽了佛陀的開示,都明白了其中的道理,和五百位弟子,同時歡喜,都證得了阿羅漢(Āluóhàn,意為阿羅漢)果位。 佛陀告訴阿難(Ānán,意為阿難)說:『你應該受持這個法門,為四眾弟子宣說,不要讓它斷絕。』

【English Translation】 They were three sisters, Nai Nü (Nai Nü, meaning Nai Nü) being the eldest, Xu Man (Xū Màn, meaning Xu Man) the second, and Bo Tan (Bō Tán, meaning Bo Tan) the youngest, all born into wealthy families with abundant riches. The sisters together supported five hundred Bhikkhunis (Bǐqiūní, meaning Bhikkhunis), providing them with food and clothing daily, and supplying all their needs until the end of their lives. The three sisters often vowed: 'May we in our future lives encounter the Buddha, be born naturally, not from the womb, and be far from defilement.' Now, as they wished, they are born in the era when the Buddha is in the world. 'Although they supported the Bhikkhunis in the past, being daughters of wealthy and powerful families, their speech was arrogant and unrestrained, and they often teased the Bhikkhunis, saying: 'You Dao Ren (Dàorén, meaning Daoists) have lived here with us for so long, you must want to marry. Fortunately, we are here to support and restrain you, so you cannot indulge your desires.' Therefore, they are now suffering the remaining consequences of those actions. Although they recite scriptures and practice the Way daily, they are unjustly slandered. These five hundred disciples also worked together to help with the offerings, and they were of one mind and joyful, so today they have gathered here, and their karmic results follow each other. 'Jī Pó (Qí Pó, meaning Jī Pó) was then the child of a poor family. Seeing Nai Nü's offerings to the Bhikkhunis, he was very envious but had no wealth. So he often swept the ground for the Bhikkhunis, and after cleaning, he would vow: 'If I could sweep away the diseases and defilements from the bodies of all people in the world, how happy would that be!' Nai Nü pitied him for his poverty and diligence, and often called him her son. When the Bhikkhunis were sick, she often asked Jī Pó to fetch doctors and prepare medicine, saying: 'May you and I together gain this merit in our future lives.' The doctors Jī Pó brought healed all who were treated, so he vowed: 'May I become a great King of Medicine in my future life, always healing the diseases of the four elements of all people's bodies, and may all who I treat be healed.' Due to past causes and conditions, he is now Nai Nü's son, all as they wished in the past.' The king heard the Buddha's words, then knelt down and repented, postponing the agreed-upon date. The next day, the Buddha went with the Bhikkhus to Nai Nü's garden and explained in detail their past vows and merits. The three sisters, after hearing the Buddha's teachings, understood the principles, and together with the five hundred disciples, rejoiced at the same time and attained the state of Arhat (Āluóhàn, meaning Arhat). The Buddha told Ananda (Ānán, meaning Ananda): 'You should uphold this Dharma and proclaim it to the fourfold assembly, and do not let it be cut off.'


絕。一切眾生慎身口意,勿生憍慢放逸。奈女往昔時,調戲比丘尼故,今被淫謗。汝當修行身口意業,恒發善愿,聞者隨喜信樂受持,莫生誹謗,墮于地獄,余報畜生,經百千劫,后報為人,貧窮下賤,不聞正法,邪見家生,恒值惡王,身不具足。汝當修行,受持讀誦,盡未來際,常使不絕。」

佛說奈女耆婆經

【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本:佛說:『一切眾生都要謹慎自己的身、口、意,不要產生驕慢和放逸。奈女(Nai Nü,人名),你往昔曾經調戲比丘尼(Biqiu Ni,佛教女性出家人),所以今天才會被人以淫慾之事誹謗。你應該修行身、口、意三業,恒常發起善愿,聽到這些話的人應該隨喜、信樂、接受和奉持,不要產生誹謗之心,否則會墮入地獄,其餘的果報是轉生為畜生,經歷百千劫,之後轉生為人,也會貧窮下賤,聽不到正法,出生在邪見之家,總是遇到惡王,身體不健全。你應該努力修行,受持讀誦此經,直到未來無盡之時,常使此經不絕。』 佛說奈女耆婆經(Fo Shuo Nai Nü Qi Po Jing,《佛說奈女耆婆經》)』

【English Translation】 English version: The Buddha said: 'All sentient beings must be careful of their body, speech, and mind, and do not give rise to arrogance and negligence. Nai Nü (Nai Nü, a name), because you used to tease Bhikshunis (Biqiu Ni, Buddhist female renunciants) in the past, you are now slandered with accusations of lust. You should cultivate the karma of body, speech, and mind, constantly generate good vows, and those who hear these words should rejoice, believe, accept, and uphold them. Do not give rise to slander, otherwise you will fall into hell, and the remaining retribution will be to be reborn as an animal, experiencing hundreds of thousands of kalpas. Afterwards, when reborn as a human, you will be poor and lowly, unable to hear the true Dharma, born into a family with wrong views, always encountering evil kings, and your body will be incomplete. You should diligently cultivate, receive, uphold, and recite this sutra, and until the endless future, always ensure that this sutra is not discontinued.' The Buddha Speaks the Nai Nü Qipo Sutra (Fo Shuo Nai Nü Qi Po Jing, The Sutra Spoken by the Buddha on Nai Nü Qipo).