T14n0559_佛說老女人經
大正藏第 14 冊 No. 0559 佛說老女人經
No. 559 [Nos. 560, 561]
佛說老女人經
吳月氏優婆塞支謙譯
聞如是：
一時，佛在墮舍羅，所止處名樂音。時有八百比丘、菩薩萬人俱。時有貧窮老女人來到佛所，以頭面著地，為佛作禮，白佛言：「愿欲有所問。」
佛言：「善哉！當問。」
老女人言：「生從何所來，去至何所？老從何所來，去至何所？病從何所來，去至何所？死從何所來，去至何所？色、痛癢、思想、生死、識從何所來，去至何所？眼、耳、鼻、口、身、心從何所來，去至何所？地、水、火、風、空從何所來，去至何所？」
佛言：「善哉！問是大快。生無所從來，去亦無所至；老無所從來，去亦無所至；病無所從來，去亦無所至；死無所從來；去亦無所至；色、痛癢、思想、生死、識無所從來，去亦無所至；眼、耳、鼻、口、身、心無所從來，去亦無所至；地、水、火、風、空無所從來，去亦無所至。諸法皆如是。
「譬如兩木相揩，火出還燒木；木盡火便滅。」
佛問老女人：「是火從何所來，去至何所？」
老女人言：「因緣合便得火，因緣離散火便滅。」
佛
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本 佛說老女人經
吳月氏優婆塞支謙譯
我聽聞是這樣的：
一時，佛陀在墮舍羅（Tuo She Luo），所居住的地方名叫樂音。當時有八百比丘、一萬菩薩聚集在一起。當時有一位貧窮的老女人來到佛陀處所，以頭面觸地，向佛陀行禮，稟告佛陀說：『希望能夠有所請問。』
佛陀說：『很好！可以發問。』
老女人說：『生從何處來，去往何處？老從何處來，去往何處？病從何處來，去往何處？死從何處來，去往何處？色（Se，物質）、痛癢（Tong Yang，感受）、思想（Si Xiang，思維）、生死（Sheng Si，生命）、識（Shi，意識）從何處來，去往何處？眼、耳、鼻、口、身、心從何處來，去往何處？地、水、火、風、空從何處來，去往何處？』
佛陀說：『很好！這個問題問得很好。生無所從來，去也無所至；老無所從來，去也無所至；病無所從來，去也無所至；死無所從來，去也無所至；色、痛癢、思想、生死、識無所從來，去也無所至；眼、耳、鼻、口、身、心無所從來，去也無所至；地、水、火、風、空無所從來，去也無所至。一切諸法都是這樣。』
『譬如兩塊木頭互相摩擦，產生火，火又反過來燒木頭；木頭燒盡了，火也就熄滅了。』
佛陀問老女人：『這火從何處來，去往何處？』
老女人說：『因緣聚合就產生火，因緣離散火就熄滅。』
佛陀
【English Translation】 English version The Sutra of the Old Woman Spoken by the Buddha
Translated by Upasaka Zhi Qian of the Yuezhi Kingdom of Wu
Thus have I heard:
At one time, the Buddha was in Tuo She Luo (a place name), residing in a place called Le Yin (Joyful Sound). At that time, there were eight hundred Bhikkhus and ten thousand Bodhisattvas gathered together. At that time, there was a poor old woman who came to the Buddha's place, prostrated herself before the Buddha with her head touching the ground, and said to the Buddha, 'I wish to ask some questions.'
The Buddha said, 'Excellent! You may ask.'
The old woman said, 'From where does birth come, and where does it go? From where does aging come, and where does it go? From where does sickness come, and where does it go? From where does death come, and where does it go? From where do Se (form/matter), Tong Yang (feeling/sensation), Si Xiang (thought/conception), Sheng Si (birth and death), and Shi (consciousness) come, and where do they go? From where do the eyes, ears, nose, mouth, body, and mind come, and where do they go? From where do earth, water, fire, wind, and space come, and where do they go?'
The Buddha said, 'Excellent! This is a very good question. Birth comes from nowhere, and goes nowhere; aging comes from nowhere, and goes nowhere; sickness comes from nowhere, and goes nowhere; death comes from nowhere, and goes nowhere; Se, Tong Yang, Si Xiang, Sheng Si, and Shi come from nowhere, and go nowhere; the eyes, ears, nose, mouth, body, and mind come from nowhere, and go nowhere; earth, water, fire, wind, and space come from nowhere, and go nowhere. All dharmas are like this.'
'It is like two pieces of wood rubbing against each other, producing fire, which then burns the wood; when the wood is exhausted, the fire is extinguished.'
The Buddha asked the old woman, 'From where does this fire come, and where does it go?'
The old woman said, 'When conditions come together, fire is produced; when conditions disperse, the fire is extinguished.'
The Buddha
言：「諸法亦如是，因緣合乃成，因緣離散即滅。法亦無所從來，去亦無所至。目見色即是意，意即是色。二者俱空，無所有成，滅亦如是。譬如鼓，不用一事成。有皮，有𣞙，有人持桴打鼓，鼓便有聲。是聲亦空，當來聲亦空，過去聲亦空。是聲亦不從皮，亦不從𣞙，亦不從桴、從人手出，合會諸物乃成鼓聲，聲從空盡空。萬物亦爾，本凈無所有因作法，法亦無所有。譬如雲起陰霧便雨，不從龍身出，亦不從龍心出，皆龍因緣所作乃致此雨。諸法亦無所從來，去亦無所至。譬如畫師先治壁板素，便和調諸彩，自在所作。是畫不從壁板素出，亦不從人手出。隨意所作，各各悉成。生死亦如是，各自隨所作行。譬禍生、泥犁、天上、人間亦爾。有餘是者不著，著便有。」
老女人聞之，大歡喜言：「蒙佛恩，得法眼。雖身羸老，今得開解。」
阿難政衣服，長跪，白佛言：「是老女人何以智慧乃爾？聞佛言即開解。」
佛告阿難：「是老女人者，是我前世發意學道時母也。」
阿難問佛言：「是母何以貧窮困苦乃爾？」
佛言：「往昔拘留秦佛時，我欲作沙門。是母慈愛，不肯聽我去。我憂愁，不食一日。因是故五百世來生世間輒貧窮。今壽盡當生阿彌陀佛國，供養諸佛。卻後六十八億
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本： 他說：『一切諸法也是這樣，因各種因緣聚合而成，因緣離散就消滅。法沒有從哪裡來，也沒有到哪裡去。眼睛所見的色就是意，意就是色。兩者都是空性的，沒有實在的生起，滅也是這樣。譬如鼓，不是用單一的事物就能形成的。有鼓皮，有鼓框，有人拿著鼓槌敲打，鼓就發出聲音。這聲音也是空性的，將來的聲音是空性的，過去的聲音也是空性的。這聲音不是從鼓皮發出，也不是從鼓框發出，也不是從鼓槌或人手發出，而是各種事物聚合在一起才形成鼓聲，聲音從空而來，最終歸於空。萬物也是如此，本來清凈，沒有實在的因緣造作，法也沒有實在的自體。譬如雲起陰霧就下雨，不是從龍的身軀里出來，也不是從龍的心裡出來，都是龍的因緣所造作才導致下雨。一切諸法也沒有從哪裡來，也沒有到哪裡去。譬如畫師先處理好墻壁或木板，然後調和各種顏料，隨意創作。這畫不是從墻壁或木板里出來，也不是從人手出來。隨著心意創作，各自都能完成。生死也是這樣，各自隨著所作的業力而行。譬如禍患產生、地獄、天上、人間也是這樣。有所執著就會被束縛，執著就會產生痛苦。』 老婦人聽了這些話，非常歡喜地說：『蒙受佛的恩德，得到了法眼。雖然身體衰老，現在終於開悟了。』 阿難整理好衣服，長跪著，對佛說：『這位老婦人為什麼有這樣的智慧？聽了佛的話就開悟了。』 佛告訴阿難：『這位老婦人，是我前世發願學道時的母親。』 阿難問佛：『這位母親為什麼如此貧窮困苦？』 佛說：『過去在拘留孫佛（Kakusandha Buddha）時，我想要出家做沙門（śrāmaṇa）。我的母親慈愛我，不肯聽我出家。我因此憂愁，一天沒有吃飯。因為這個緣故，五百世以來生在世間總是貧窮。現在壽命將盡，將往生阿彌陀佛（Amitābha Buddha）國，供養諸佛。過六十八億（六十八億）……』
【English Translation】 English version: He said: 'All dharmas are like this, arising from the combination of causes and conditions, and ceasing when these causes and conditions disperse. Dharmas do not come from anywhere, nor do they go anywhere. What the eye sees as form is mind, and mind is form. Both are empty, without any real arising, and cessation is the same. For example, a drum is not made from a single thing. There is a skin, a frame, and someone holding a stick to beat the drum, and then the drum makes a sound. This sound is also empty, the future sound is empty, and the past sound is empty. This sound does not come from the skin, nor from the frame, nor from the stick or the hand of the person, but from the combination of all these things that the drum sound is made. The sound comes from emptiness and returns to emptiness. All things are like this, originally pure, without any real cause or action, and dharmas have no real self-nature. For example, when clouds rise and create mist, it rains, but this does not come from the dragon's body, nor from the dragon's mind, but is caused by the dragon's conditions that bring about the rain. All dharmas do not come from anywhere, nor do they go anywhere. For example, a painter first prepares the wall or board, then mixes the colors, and creates as he pleases. The painting does not come from the wall or board, nor from the hand of the person. According to his intention, each thing is completed. Birth and death are also like this, each follows the karma they have created. For example, the arising of misfortune, hell, heaven, and the human realm are also like this. If there is attachment, one is bound; attachment brings suffering.' The old woman, hearing this, rejoiced greatly and said: 'I am blessed by the Buddha's grace to have obtained the Dharma eye. Although my body is weak and old, I am now enlightened.' Ānanda (one of the principal disciples of the Buddha), arranging his robes, knelt down and said to the Buddha: 'Why does this old woman have such wisdom? She is enlightened upon hearing the Buddha's words.' The Buddha told Ānanda (one of the principal disciples of the Buddha): 'This old woman was my mother in a previous life when I first resolved to study the Way.' Ānanda (one of the principal disciples of the Buddha) asked the Buddha: 'Why is this mother so poor and suffering?' The Buddha said: 'In the past, during the time of Kakusandha Buddha (Kakusandha Buddha), I wanted to become a śrāmaṇa (śrāmaṇa). My mother loved me and would not allow me to leave. I was worried and did not eat for a day. Because of this, for five hundred lifetimes I have been born into the world in poverty. Now my life is coming to an end, and I will be reborn in the land of Amitābha Buddha (Amitābha Buddha), to make offerings to all the Buddhas. After sixty-eight billion (六十八億) ...'
劫當作佛，號波犍，其國名化華。作佛時，人所有被服、飲食如忉利天上。其國中人民皆壽一劫。」
佛說經已，老女人及阿難，諸菩薩、比丘僧，諸鬼神、龍、天、人、阿須倫，皆大歡喜，前為佛作禮而去。
佛說老女人經
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本：劫初成佛，佛號為波犍（Buddha Pokan），他的國名叫化華（Hua Hua）。當他成佛時，人們的衣著、飲食如同忉利天（Trayastrimsa Heaven）上的天人一般。那個國家的人民壽命都長達一劫（kalpa）。
佛陀說完這部經后，老女人和阿難（Ananda），以及各位菩薩（Bodhisattva）、比丘僧（bhiksu sangha），還有各位鬼神、龍、天（deva）、人、阿修羅（asura），都非常歡喜，上前向佛陀頂禮后離去。
《佛說老女人經》
【English Translation】 English version: 'When the kalpa comes to be, he will become a Buddha named Pokan (Buddha Pokan), and his country will be called Hua Hua (Hua Hua). When he becomes a Buddha, the clothing and food of the people will be like those of the devas in the Trayastrimsa Heaven (Trayastrimsa Heaven). The people in that country will all live for one kalpa (kalpa).'
'After the Buddha finished speaking this sutra, the old woman and Ananda (Ananda), all the Bodhisattvas (Bodhisattva), the bhiksu sangha (bhiksu sangha), and all the ghosts, spirits, dragons, devas (deva), humans, and asuras (asura) were all very happy. They came forward, bowed to the Buddha, and departed.'
'The Sutra Spoken by the Buddha on the Old Woman'