T14n0578_無垢優婆夷問經
大正藏第 14 冊 No. 0578 無垢優婆夷問經
No. 578
無垢優婆夷問經
後魏中印度三藏瞿曇般若流支譯
如是我聞：
一時，婆伽婆住舍婆提城、寂靜宮殿、重閣講堂。
爾時，無垢優婆夷、賢優婆夷等，諸優婆夷往詣佛所。到佛所已，頭面禮足，禮佛足已，退坐一面。
爾時，世尊即告無垢優婆夷言：「汝優婆夷！不放逸行、懈怠心不？」
優婆夷言：「我不懈怠，不放逸行。」
佛告無垢優婆夷言：「汝常云何不懈怠耶？又汝云何不放逸行？」
無垢優婆夷白佛言：「世尊！我常早起掃佛塔地，掃已涂治四廂四處，清凈涂已，散華燒香，如是供養，然後入房。既入房已，次復入禪，修四梵行，不離三歸，受持五戒，常恒如是。我不懈怠，不放逸行。」
無垢優婆夷作是語已，復白佛言：「世尊！我今未知掃佛塔地所有善根得何福報？四廂涂治，所有善根得何福報？散華燒香，供養佛塔，所有善根得何福報？禪四梵行，三歸五戒，所有善根得何福報？唯愿世尊為我解說。」
佛告無垢優婆夷言：「掃佛塔地，得五福報。何等為五？一者、自心清凈，他人見已生清凈心；二者、為他所愛；三者、天心歡喜；
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本 《無垢優婆夷問經》
後魏中印度三藏 瞿曇般若流支譯
如是我聞：
一時，婆伽婆（Bhagavan，世尊）住在舍婆提城（Śrāvastī）、寂靜宮殿、重閣講堂。
當時，無垢優婆夷（Vimalā Upāsikā）、賢優婆夷（Bhadra Upāsikā）等眾多優婆夷（Upāsikā，女居士）前往佛陀處。到達佛陀處后，以頭面禮拜佛足，禮拜佛足后，退坐在一旁。
這時，世尊告訴無垢優婆夷說：『你這位優婆夷！是否精進行持，沒有懈怠之心呢？』
優婆夷回答說：『我沒有懈怠，精進行持。』
佛陀告訴無垢優婆夷說：『你通常是如何做到不懈怠的呢？你又是如何做到精進行持的呢？』
無垢優婆夷稟告佛陀說：『世尊！我通常早起清掃佛塔的地面，清掃完畢后塗抹修治四面四處，清凈塗抹后，散花燒香，這樣供養，然後進入房間。進入房間后，接著進入禪定，修習四梵行（四無量心），不離三歸（皈依佛、法、僧），受持五戒，常常如此。我沒有懈怠，精進行持。』
無垢優婆夷說完這些話后，又稟告佛陀說：『世尊！我現在還不知道清掃佛塔地面所獲得的善根會得到什麼福報？塗抹修治四面四處所獲得的善根會得到什麼福報？散花燒香供養佛塔所獲得的善根會得到什麼福報？禪修四梵行、三歸五戒所獲得的善根會得到什麼福報？唯愿世尊為我解說。』
佛陀告訴無垢優婆夷說：『清掃佛塔地面，能獲得五種福報。是哪五種呢？第一，自己內心清凈，他人看見后也生起清凈心；第二，為人所愛戴；第三，天神心生歡喜；
【English Translation】 English version The Sutra of Questions by Vimala Upāsikā
Translated by Gautama Prajñāruci of Central India during the Later Wei Dynasty
Thus have I heard:
At one time, the Bhagavan (World-Honored One) was dwelling in the city of Śrāvastī (Savatthi), in the quiet palace, the multi-storied lecture hall.
At that time, Vimala Upāsikā (Immaculate Laywoman), Bhadra Upāsikā (Virtuous Laywoman), and other Upāsikās (female lay followers) went to the Buddha's location. Having arrived at the Buddha's location, they bowed their heads to the ground at his feet, and after bowing at the Buddha's feet, they withdrew and sat to one side.
Then, the World-Honored One said to Vimala Upāsikā: 'You Upāsikā! Are you diligent in practice and without a lazy mind?'
The Upāsikā replied: 'I am not lazy, and I am diligent in practice.'
The Buddha said to Vimala Upāsikā: 'How do you usually manage to be without laziness? And how do you manage to be diligent in practice?'
Vimala Upāsikā reported to the Buddha: 'World-Honored One! I usually rise early and sweep the ground of the Buddha's stupa, and after sweeping, I plaster and repair the four sides and four directions. After cleaning and plastering, I scatter flowers and burn incense, making offerings in this way, and then I enter my room. After entering my room, I then enter into meditation, cultivating the Four Brahmavihāras (Four Immeasurables), not departing from the Three Refuges (Buddha, Dharma, Sangha), and upholding the Five Precepts, constantly in this way. I am not lazy, and I am diligent in practice.'
After Vimala Upāsikā spoke these words, she further reported to the Buddha: 'World-Honored One! I still do not know what blessings will be obtained from the good roots of sweeping the ground of the Buddha's stupa? What blessings will be obtained from the good roots of plastering and repairing the four sides and four directions? What blessings will be obtained from the good roots of scattering flowers and burning incense to make offerings to the Buddha's stupa? What blessings will be obtained from the good roots of meditating on the Four Brahmavihāras, taking refuge in the Three Jewels, and upholding the Five Precepts? I only wish that the World-Honored One would explain this to me.'
The Buddha said to Vimala Upāsikā: 'Sweeping the ground of the Buddha's stupa brings five blessings. What are the five? First, one's own mind becomes pure, and others who see it also generate a pure mind; second, one becomes loved by others; third, the devas (gods) are delighted;
四者、集端正業；五者、命終生於善道天中。無垢當知，掃佛塔地，福報如是。
「無垢當知，若人信佛，作圓輪形，涂佛塔地，散花燒香。如是供養，我說彼人身壞命終，生弗婆提，富樂自在；于彼壽終，生化樂天。
「無垢當知，若人信佛，作半月形，涂佛塔地，散華燒香。如是供養，我說彼人身壞命終，生瞿陀尼，富樂自在；于彼壽終，生兜率天。
「無垢當知，若人信佛，于佛塔邊，四方塗地，散花燒香。如是供養，我說彼人身壞命終，生郁單曰，富樂自在；于彼壽終，生炎摩天。
「無垢當知，若人信佛，作人面形，涂佛塔地，散華燒香。如是供養，我說彼人身壞命終，生閻浮提，富樂自在；壽終生於三十三天。
「無垢當知，此涂塔地，散華燒香，所有善根，果報如是。
「無垢當知，若人入禪修四梵行，歸佛法僧，受持五戒，我說彼人無量無數，善根福報，無窮無盡，后得涅槃。
「無垢當知，若人歸依聲聞、緣覺，修集戒聚，不能如是無盡涅槃。何以故？受持五戒，禪四梵行，所得果報，唯除涅槃，更無處受，以福多故。」
世尊爾時如是說已，無垢優婆夷心生疑念，默而無言。
爾時，世尊知心念已，即從面門，出廣長舌，遍覆自面二耳
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本： 第四，積累端正的行業；第五，命終之後能夠往生到善道的天界之中。無垢（Vimala，菩薩名）你應該知道，清掃佛塔的地面，所獲得的福報就是如此。
『無垢（Vimala，菩薩名）你應該知道，如果有人信仰佛陀，製作圓形圖案，塗在佛塔的地面上，並且散花、燒香。像這樣供養，我說這個人身壞命終之後，會往生到弗婆提（Purvavideha，四大部洲之一），享受富裕和快樂；在那裡壽命終結后，會往生到化樂天（Nirmanarati，欲界第六天）。』
『無垢（Vimala，菩薩名）你應該知道，如果有人信仰佛陀，製作半月形圖案，塗在佛塔的地面上，並且散花、燒香。像這樣供養，我說這個人身壞命終之後，會往生到瞿陀尼（Godaniya，四大部洲之一），享受富裕和快樂；在那裡壽命終結后，會往生到兜率天（Tusita，欲界第四天）。』
『無垢（Vimala，菩薩名）你應該知道，如果有人信仰佛陀，在佛塔旁邊，向四方塗地，並且散花、燒香。像這樣供養，我說這個人身壞命終之後，會往生到郁單曰（Uttarakuru，四大部洲之一），享受富裕和快樂；在那裡壽命終結后，會往生到炎摩天（Yama，欲界第三天）。』
『無垢（Vimala，菩薩名）你應該知道，如果有人信仰佛陀，製作人面形的圖案，塗在佛塔的地面上，並且散花、燒香。像這樣供養，我說這個人身壞命終之後，會往生到閻浮提（Jambudvipa，四大部洲之一），享受富裕和快樂；壽命終結后，會往生到三十三天（Trayastrimsa，欲界第二天）。』
『無垢（Vimala，菩薩名）你應該知道，這樣涂塔的地面，散花燒香，所有的善根，果報就是如此。
『無垢（Vimala，菩薩名）你應該知道，如果有人入禪定，修習四梵行（Four Brahmaviharas，慈、悲、喜、舍），歸依佛、法、僧三寶，受持五戒，我說這個人有無量無數的善根福報，無窮無盡，最終能夠證得涅槃（Nirvana）。』
『無垢（Vimala，菩薩名）你應該知道，如果有人歸依聲聞（Sravaka，聽聞佛法而修行的弟子）、緣覺（Pratyekabuddha，獨自悟道的修行者），修集戒律，不能像這樣獲得無盡的涅槃（Nirvana）。為什麼呢？因為受持五戒，禪修四梵行（Four Brahmaviharas，慈、悲、喜、舍），所得到的果報，除了涅槃（Nirvana）之外，沒有其他地方可以承受，因為福報太大了。』
世尊當時這樣說完之後，無垢優婆夷（Vimala Upasika，在家女居士）心中產生了疑惑，沉默不語。
當時，世尊知道她的心念之後，就從面門伸出廣長的舌頭，遍覆自己的面部和雙耳。
【English Translation】 English version: Fourth, accumulating upright karma; fifth, after the end of life, one will be reborn in the good realms of the heavens. Vimala (無垢, name of a Bodhisattva), you should know that the merit of sweeping the ground of a Buddhist stupa is like this.
'Vimala (無垢, name of a Bodhisattva), you should know that if someone believes in the Buddha, makes a circular shape, paints the ground of a Buddhist stupa, and scatters flowers and burns incense. By making offerings in this way, I say that when this person's body breaks and life ends, they will be reborn in Purvavideha (弗婆提, one of the four great continents), enjoying wealth and happiness; after their lifespan there ends, they will be reborn in Nirmanarati Heaven (化樂天, the sixth heaven of the desire realm).'
'Vimala (無垢, name of a Bodhisattva), you should know that if someone believes in the Buddha, makes a half-moon shape, paints the ground of a Buddhist stupa, and scatters flowers and burns incense. By making offerings in this way, I say that when this person's body breaks and life ends, they will be reborn in Godaniya (瞿陀尼, one of the four great continents), enjoying wealth and happiness; after their lifespan there ends, they will be reborn in Tusita Heaven (兜率天, the fourth heaven of the desire realm).'
'Vimala (無垢, name of a Bodhisattva), you should know that if someone believes in the Buddha, paints the ground on all four sides next to a Buddhist stupa, and scatters flowers and burns incense. By making offerings in this way, I say that when this person's body breaks and life ends, they will be reborn in Uttarakuru (郁單曰, one of the four great continents), enjoying wealth and happiness; after their lifespan there ends, they will be reborn in Yama Heaven (炎摩天, the third heaven of the desire realm).'
'Vimala (無垢, name of a Bodhisattva), you should know that if someone believes in the Buddha, makes a human face shape, paints the ground of a Buddhist stupa, and scatters flowers and burns incense. By making offerings in this way, I say that when this person's body breaks and life ends, they will be reborn in Jambudvipa (閻浮提, one of the four great continents), enjoying wealth and happiness; after their lifespan ends, they will be reborn in Trayastrimsa Heaven (三十三天, the second heaven of the desire realm).'
'Vimala (無垢, name of a Bodhisattva), you should know that the merit and reward of painting the ground of a stupa, scattering flowers, and burning incense is like this.'
'Vimala (無垢, name of a Bodhisattva), you should know that if someone enters into meditation, cultivates the Four Brahmaviharas (四梵行, loving-kindness, compassion, sympathetic joy, and equanimity), takes refuge in the Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha, and upholds the Five Precepts, I say that this person has immeasurable and countless roots of goodness and merit, which are endless and inexhaustible, and will eventually attain Nirvana (涅槃).'
'Vimala (無垢, name of a Bodhisattva), you should know that if someone takes refuge in Sravakas (聲聞, disciples who hear the teachings) and Pratyekabuddhas (緣覺, solitary Buddhas), and accumulates precepts, they cannot attain endless Nirvana (涅槃) in this way. Why? Because the fruits of upholding the Five Precepts and meditating on the Four Brahmaviharas (四梵行, loving-kindness, compassion, sympathetic joy, and equanimity) can only be received in Nirvana (涅槃), and nowhere else, because the merit is so great.'
After the World Honored One spoke in this way, the Upasika Vimala (無垢優婆夷, a female lay devotee) had doubts in her mind and remained silent.
At that time, the World Honored One, knowing her thoughts, extended a broad and long tongue from his face, covering his entire face and both ears.
、二眼、並二鼻已，遍覆虛空，覆虛空已，還攝入口，攝入口已，復語無垢優婆夷言：「汝頗曾見妄語之人，兩舌、惡口、綺語之人，有如是色舌相以不？」
爾時，無垢優婆夷既聞是語，從坐而起，合掌向佛白言：「世尊！未曾見也。有實語者，未有此舌，況妄語人。唯除如來、應、正遍知，無始已來，常實語故，得如是舌。」
爾時，無垢優婆夷，知佛實語，離疑心喜，以偈贊曰：
「我于千億劫， 不曾憶念見， 如是勝法寶， 不憶曾供養； 我今日得見， 如是世間燈， 既如是見已， 得聞第一法。」
爾時，世尊偈答無垢優婆夷曰：
「汝聞已成聖， 此真勝法寶， 清凈寂靜法， 得入涅槃城。」
世尊說已，無垢優婆夷心大歡喜，比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷，一切眾會天、人、阿修羅、乾闥婆等，聞佛說已，贊言：「善哉！」
此經人天因， 亦是涅槃道， 行者向人天， 亦趣涅槃門。 譯此經功德， 普施諸眾生， 愿速修因道， 得人天涅槃。
無垢優婆夷問經
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本：佛陀展示了他的二眼和二鼻，然後伸出舌頭，覆蓋了整個虛空。覆蓋虛空后，又將舌頭收回口中。收回口中后，佛陀對無垢優婆夷（Vimalā Upāsikā，清凈的女居士）說：『你可曾見過說妄語、兩舌、惡口、綺語的人，有這樣的舌相嗎？』 當時，無垢優婆夷聽了這話，從座位上站起來，合掌向佛陀說：『世尊（Bhagavan，佛陀的尊稱）！我從未見過。即使是說實話的人，也沒有這樣的舌相，更何況是說妄語的人。只有如來（Tathāgata，佛陀的稱號）、應（Arhat，阿羅漢）、正遍知（Samyak-saṃbuddha，正等覺者），因為無始以來常說實話，才能得到這樣的舌相。』 當時，無垢優婆夷知道佛陀說的是實話，消除了疑慮，心生歡喜，用偈頌讚嘆道： 『我于千億劫，不曾憶念見， 如是勝法寶，不憶曾供養； 我今日得見，如是世間燈， 既如是見已，得聞第一法。』 當時，世尊用偈頌回答無垢優婆夷說： 『汝聞已成聖，此真勝法寶， 清凈寂靜法，得入涅槃城。』 世尊說完后，無垢優婆夷心中非常歡喜。比丘（bhikṣu，出家男眾）、比丘尼（bhikṣuṇī，出家女眾）、優婆塞（upāsaka，在家男眾）、優婆夷（upāsikā，在家女眾），以及所有在場的包括天（deva，天神）、人（manuṣya，人類）、阿修羅（asura，非天）、乾闥婆（gandharva，香神）等在內的眾生，聽了佛陀的說法后，都讚歎說：『太好了！』 此經是人天（deva-manuṣya，天人和人類）的因，也是通往涅槃（nirvāṇa，寂滅）的道路。 修行者走向人天，也走向涅槃之門。 翻譯此經的功德，普遍施予一切眾生， 愿他們迅速修習因道，獲得人天涅槃。 《無垢優婆夷問經》
【English Translation】 English version: The Buddha displayed his two eyes and two nostrils, and then extended his tongue, covering the entire space. After covering the space, he retracted his tongue back into his mouth. After retracting it, the Buddha said to Vimalā Upāsikā (Immaculate Laywoman): 'Have you ever seen anyone who lies, speaks with a double tongue, uses harsh language, or engages in frivolous talk, having such a tongue?' At that time, Vimalā Upāsikā, having heard these words, arose from her seat, joined her palms together, and said to the Buddha (Bhagavan, the Blessed One): 'World Honored One (Bhagavan)! I have never seen such a thing. Even those who speak truthfully do not have such a tongue, let alone those who lie. Only the Tathāgata (Thus Gone One), Arhat (Worthy One), Samyak-saṃbuddha (Perfectly Enlightened One), because they have always spoken truthfully since beginningless time, can attain such a tongue.' At that time, Vimalā Upāsikā, knowing that the Buddha spoke truthfully, was freed from doubt and rejoiced in her heart, praising with a verse: 'For countless eons, I have never recalled seeing, Such a supreme Dharma treasure, nor do I recall ever making offerings to it; Today I have seen, Such a lamp of the world, Having seen it thus, I have heard the foremost Dharma.' At that time, the World Honored One replied to Vimalā Upāsikā with a verse: 'Having heard, you have become a saint, This is truly a supreme Dharma treasure, The pure and tranquil Dharma, Allows one to enter the city of Nirvana (Nirvāṇa, liberation).' After the World Honored One spoke, Vimalā Upāsikā was greatly delighted in her heart. The bhikṣus (monks), bhikṣuṇīs (nuns), upāsakas (laymen), upāsikās (laywomen), and all the assembled beings, including devas (gods), humans (humans), asuras (demigods), gandharvas (celestial musicians), and others, having heard the Buddha's teaching, praised, saying: 'Excellent!' This sutra is the cause for devas and humans, and also the path to Nirvana. Practitioners who walk towards devas and humans, also walk towards the gate of Nirvana. The merit of translating this sutra, is universally bestowed upon all beings, May they quickly cultivate the path of causes, and attain the Nirvana of devas and humans. The Sutra of Questions by Vimalā Upāsikā