T14n0584_長爪梵志請問經

大正藏第 14 冊 No. 0584 長爪梵志請問經

No. 584

長爪梵志請問經

大唐三藏法師義凈奉　制譯

如是我聞：

一時，薄伽梵在王舍城鷲峰山中，與大苾芻眾千二百五十人俱，並余苾芻、苾芻尼、近事男、近事女、國王、大臣、沙門、婆羅門、外道之類，天、龍、藥叉、人非人等，瞻仰而住。

爾時，世尊為說自證微妙之法，所謂初中后善，文義巧妙，純一圓滿，清凈鮮白，梵行之相。

爾時，有一長爪梵志，來詣佛所，策杖而立，問言：「喬答摩！汝曾實作如是宣說，世由自業，業為能授，業為生處，業為親族，業為所依耶！」

佛告婆羅門：「我作是說，世由自業，業為能授，業為生處，業為親族，業為所依。」

婆羅門曰：「若如是者，沙門喬答摩！先作何業，令汝獲得金剛不壞堅固之身？」

佛告婆羅門：「我於前生，遠離殺害有情命根，由彼業力，今獲斯果。」

「沙門喬答摩！先作何業，令汝獲得手指纖長網縵為相？」

佛告婆羅門：「我於前生，遠離偷盜他人財物，由彼業力，今獲斯果。」

「沙門喬答摩！先作何業，令汝獲得具足色力諸根圓滿？」

佛告婆羅門：「我於前

【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本 《長爪梵志請問經》

唐朝三藏法師義凈奉旨翻譯

我是這樣聽說的：

一時，薄伽梵（Bhagavan，世尊）在王舍城鷲峰山中，與一千二百五十位大比丘眾在一起，還有其他的比丘、比丘尼、近事男、近事女、國王、大臣、沙門（Śrāmaṇa，出家修行者）、婆羅門（Brāhmaṇa，祭司階層）、外道之類，以及天、龍、藥叉（Yakṣa，一種神）、人非人等，都瞻仰著佛陀而住。

當時，世尊為他們宣說自己證悟的微妙之法，這法初善、中善、后善，文辭和義理都巧妙，純一而圓滿，清凈而鮮明，是梵行（brahmacarya，清凈行）的相貌。

當時，有一位名叫長爪的婆羅門，來到佛陀所在的地方，拄著枴杖站立，問道：『喬答摩（Gautama，佛陀的姓氏）！你是否確實說過這樣的話，世界是由自己的業力所造，業力是能給予者，業力是產生的地方，業力是親族，業力是所依賴的呢？』

佛陀告訴婆羅門：『我是這樣說的，世界是由自己的業力所造，業力是能給予者，業力是產生的地方，業力是親族，業力是所依賴的。』

婆羅門說：『如果這樣的話，沙門（Śrāmaṇa，出家修行者）喬答摩（Gautama，佛陀的姓氏）！你先前做了什麼業，讓你獲得金剛不壞的堅固之身呢？』

佛陀告訴婆羅門：『我在前世，遠離殺害有情眾生的性命，由於那個業力的緣故，今生獲得這樣的果報。』

『沙門（Śrāmaṇa，出家修行者）喬答摩（Gautama，佛陀的姓氏）！你先前做了什麼業，讓你獲得手指纖長，有網狀紋路作為相好呢？』

佛陀告訴婆羅門：『我在前世，遠離偷盜他人的財物，由於那個業力的緣故，今生獲得這樣的果報。』

『沙門（Śrāmaṇa，出家修行者）喬答摩（Gautama，佛陀的姓氏）！你先前做了什麼業，讓你獲得具足的色力，諸根圓滿呢？』

佛陀告訴婆羅門：『我在前

【English Translation】 English version The Sutra of Inquiry by the Ascetic with Long Nails

Translated under Imperial Order by the Tang Dynasty Tripitaka Master Yijing

Thus have I heard:

At one time, the Bhagavan (Bhagavan, The World Honored One) was in Rajagriha, at Mount Gridhrakuta, together with a great assembly of twelve hundred and fifty Bhikshus (Bhikshu, monks), as well as other Bhikshus, Bhikshunis (Bhikshuni, nuns), Upasakas (Upasaka, male lay devotees), Upasikas (Upasika, female lay devotees), kings, ministers, Sramanas (Śrāmaṇa, wandering ascetics), Brahmanas (Brāhmaṇa, priests), followers of other paths, and beings such as gods, dragons, Yakshas (Yakṣa, a type of spirit), humans, and non-humans, all gazing upon him and abiding there.

At that time, the World Honored One was expounding the subtle Dharma he had realized himself, which is good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, with skillful words and meanings, complete and perfect, pure and bright, and the aspect of the Brahmacharya (brahmacarya, pure conduct).

At that time, there was an ascetic named Long Nails, who came to where the Buddha was, stood leaning on his staff, and asked: 'Gautama (Gautama, Buddha's family name)! Have you truly declared that the world is created by one's own karma, that karma is the giver, karma is the place of birth, karma is the family, and karma is the support?'

The Buddha told the Brahmana: 'I have said this, that the world is created by one's own karma, that karma is the giver, karma is the place of birth, karma is the family, and karma is the support.'

The Brahmana said: 'If that is so, Sramana (Śrāmaṇa, wandering ascetics) Gautama (Gautama, Buddha's family name)! What karma did you perform in the past that caused you to obtain a diamond-like, indestructible, and firm body?'

The Buddha told the Brahmana: 'In my previous life, I refrained from killing sentient beings, and due to the power of that karma, I have obtained this result in this life.'

'Sramana (Śrāmaṇa, wandering ascetics) Gautama (Gautama, Buddha's family name)! What karma did you perform in the past that caused you to obtain long, slender fingers with webbed markings as auspicious signs?'

The Buddha told the Brahmana: 'In my previous life, I refrained from stealing the property of others, and due to the power of that karma, I have obtained this result in this life.'

'Sramana (Śrāmaṇa, wandering ascetics) Gautama (Gautama, Buddha's family name)! What karma did you perform in the past that caused you to obtain complete physical strength and perfect faculties?'

The Buddha told the Brahmana: 'In my previous

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生，遠離女人慾染之事，由彼業力，今獲斯果。」

「沙門喬答摩！先作何業，令汝獲得出廣長舌，自覆其面？」

佛告婆羅門：「我於前生，遠離妄語詭誑於人，由彼業力，今獲斯果。」

「沙門喬答摩！先作何業，令汝獲得威儀庠序，如師子行？」

佛告婆羅門：「我於前生，遠離諸酒放逸之處，由彼業力，今獲斯果。」

「沙門喬答摩！先作何業，令汝獲得微妙相好，莊嚴其身？」

佛告婆羅門：「我於前生，遠離歌舞倡艷之事，由彼業力，今獲斯果。」

「沙門喬答摩！先作何業，令汝獲得上妙香氣，芬馥其身？」

佛告婆羅門：「我於前生，遠離香花瓔珞莊飾，由彼業力，今獲斯果。」

「沙門喬答摩！先作何業，令汝獲得受用金剛勝妙之座？」

佛告婆羅門：「我於前生，遠離高床大床驕恣之物，由彼業力，今獲斯果。」

「沙門喬答摩！先作何業，令汝獲得四十牙齒鮮白齊平？」

佛告婆羅門：「我於前生，遠離非時飲啖諸食，由彼業力，今獲斯果。」

「沙門喬答摩！先作何業，令汝獲得頂上肉髻圓滿姝好？」

佛告婆羅門：「我於前生，於三寶、二師沙門、婆羅門、父母、尊長，應恭敬處，五輪著地，以

【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本： 『沙門喬答摩（Śramaṇa Gautama，釋迦牟尼佛的尊稱）！你先前做了什麼業，使你能夠遠離女人和情慾的染著，憑藉那樣的業力，如今獲得這樣的果報？』

佛陀告訴婆羅門（Brahmin，古印度祭司階層）：『我於前生，遠離虛妄的言語，不欺騙他人，憑藉那樣的業力，如今獲得這樣的果報。』

『沙門喬答摩！你先前做了什麼業，使你獲得威儀莊重，行走如獅子一般？』

佛陀告訴婆羅門：『我於前生，遠離各種酒類和放逸的場所，憑藉那樣的業力，如今獲得這樣的果報。』

『沙門喬答摩！你先前做了什麼業，使你獲得微妙的相好，莊嚴你的身體？』

佛陀告訴婆羅門：『我於前生，遠離歌舞和倡妓的艷麗之事，憑藉那樣的業力，如今獲得這樣的果報。』

『沙門喬答摩！你先前做了什麼業，使你獲得上妙的香氣，芬芳你的身體？』

佛陀告訴婆羅門：『我於前生，遠離香花和瓔珞的裝飾，憑藉那樣的業力，如今獲得這樣的果報。』

『沙門喬答摩！你先前做了什麼業，使你獲得受用金剛般殊勝美妙的座位？』

佛陀告訴婆羅門：『我於前生，遠離高床和大床等驕奢放縱之物，憑藉那樣的業力，如今獲得這樣的果報。』

『沙門喬答摩！你先前做了什麼業，使你獲得四十顆牙齒，鮮白而整齊？』

佛陀告訴婆羅門：『我於前生，遠離非時（不適當的時間）飲用和食用各種食物，憑藉那樣的業力，如今獲得這樣的果報。』

『沙門喬答摩！你先前做了什麼業，使你獲得頭頂上的肉髻，圓滿而美好？』

佛陀告訴婆羅門：『我於前生，對於三寶（佛、法、僧），二師（戒師、教授師），沙門（Śramaṇa，出家修行者），婆羅門（Brahmin，古印度祭司階層），父母，尊長，在應該恭敬的地方，五輪著地（佛教的一種禮拜方式，即雙膝、雙手和額頭著地），以』

【English Translation】 English version: 『Śramaṇa Gautama (honorific title for Shakyamuni Buddha)! What deeds did you perform in the past that enabled you to be free from the defilements of women and lust, and by the power of those deeds, you now obtain such a result?』

The Buddha told the Brahmin (Brahmin, the priestly class in ancient India): 『In my previous life, I refrained from false speech and did not deceive others, and by the power of those deeds, I now obtain such a result.』

『Śramaṇa Gautama! What deeds did you perform in the past that enabled you to have dignified deportment, walking like a lion?』

The Buddha told the Brahmin: 『In my previous life, I refrained from all kinds of alcohol and places of dissipation, and by the power of those deeds, I now obtain such a result.』

『Śramaṇa Gautama! What deeds did you perform in the past that enabled you to obtain subtle and wonderful marks and characteristics, adorning your body?』

The Buddha told the Brahmin: 『In my previous life, I refrained from singing, dancing, and the alluring affairs of courtesans, and by the power of those deeds, I now obtain such a result.』

『Śramaṇa Gautama! What deeds did you perform in the past that enabled you to obtain supremely wonderful fragrance, perfuming your body?』

The Buddha told the Brahmin: 『In my previous life, I refrained from fragrant flowers and the adornment of necklaces, and by the power of those deeds, I now obtain such a result.』

『Śramaṇa Gautama! What deeds did you perform in the past that enabled you to obtain and enjoy a seat as excellent and wonderful as diamond?』

The Buddha told the Brahmin: 『In my previous life, I refrained from high beds and large beds, things of arrogance and indulgence, and by the power of those deeds, I now obtain such a result.』

『Śramaṇa Gautama! What deeds did you perform in the past that enabled you to obtain forty teeth, bright white and evenly aligned?』

The Buddha told the Brahmin: 『In my previous life, I refrained from consuming various foods at inappropriate times, and by the power of those deeds, I now obtain such a result.』

『Śramaṇa Gautama! What deeds did you perform in the past that enabled you to obtain a protuberance of flesh on the crown of your head, perfectly round and beautiful?』

The Buddha told the Brahmin: 『In my previous life, towards the Three Jewels (Buddha, Dharma, Sangha), the two teachers (preceptor and instructor), Śramaṇas (Śramaṇa, wandering ascetics), Brahmins (Brahmin, the priestly class in ancient India), parents, and elders, in places where respect was due, I prostrated with the five wheels touching the ground (a Buddhist form of prostration, with both knees, both hands, and the forehead touching the ground), with』

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無慢心虔誠致禮，由彼業力，今獲斯果。」

時婆羅門，見佛為說因果不虛，白言：「喬答摩！此名何福？云何受持？」

佛言：「此名八支凈戒，若能一日一夜，或復長時，從師受持，獲果如是。」

爾時長爪梵志，既于佛所聞說八支日夜凈戒，由先遠離鄙惡業故，便能獲得勝妙莊嚴，深心信受，歡喜踴躍，即于佛前舍高慢心，投杖于地，合掌恭敬，禮佛雙足，白言：「世尊！我今始知善惡之業感報不虛，我從今日乃至盡形，歸依佛陀兩足中尊；乃至盡形，歸依達磨離欲中尊；乃至盡形，歸依僧伽諸眾中尊。我受八支近住凈戒，始從今時，乃至明旦日出已來，于其中間：

「不害一切命，　　不盜他財物， 　不淫不妄語，　　飲酒放逸處， 　花莊及歌舞，　　高大非時食， 　我今悉遠離，　　受持凈八支。」

第二、第三亦如是說。

佛告婆羅門：「善哉！善哉！如是應作，如是應持。」

爾時世尊，說是法已，時婆羅門，及苾芻眾，諸人天等，皆大歡喜，信受奉行。

長爪梵志請問經

【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本：'因為沒有傲慢之心，虔誠地行禮，所以憑藉那（過去）的業力，如今獲得了這樣的果報。'

當時，那位婆羅門（Brahman，印度教祭司），見到佛陀解說因果報應真實不虛，便說道：'喬答摩（Gautama，釋迦牟尼的姓）！這叫做什麼福德？應該如何受持？'

佛陀說：'這叫做八支凈戒（Eight Precepts），如果能一日一夜，或者更長時間，從師父那裡受持，就能獲得這樣的果報。'

當時，長爪梵志（Long-nailed Brahman）在佛陀那裡聽聞了八支日夜凈戒，由於先前遠離了卑劣的惡業，便能獲得殊勝美妙的莊嚴，內心深深地信受，歡喜雀躍，當即在佛陀面前捨棄了高傲之心，將手杖扔在地上，合掌恭敬，禮拜佛陀的雙足，說道：'世尊（World-Honored One）！我現在才知道善惡之業的感應報應真實不虛，我從今天開始直到生命終結，歸依佛陀，兩足中的至尊；直到生命終結，歸依達磨（Dharma，佛法），離欲中的至尊；直到生命終結，歸依僧伽（Sangha，僧團），諸眾中的至尊。我受持八支近住凈戒，從現在開始，直到明天太陽升起，在這期間：'

'不傷害一切生命，不偷盜他人財物，不邪淫不妄語，飲酒放逸之處，花鬘裝飾及歌舞，高廣大床及非時之食，我現在全部遠離，受持清凈的八支戒。'

（受持）第二天、第三天也像這樣說。

佛陀告訴婆羅門：'好啊！好啊！應當這樣去做，應當這樣受持。'

當時，世尊說完這部經后，當時的婆羅門，以及比丘（Bhikkhu，出家僧侶）大眾，諸人天等，都非常歡喜，信受奉行。

《長爪梵志請問經》

【English Translation】 English version: 'Without arrogance and with sincere reverence, due to that (past) karma, one now obtains such a result.'

At that time, the Brahman (Brahman, a priest in Hinduism), seeing the Buddha explain that the law of cause and effect is true and not false, said: 'Gautama (Gautama, the surname of Shakyamuni)! What is this called merit? How should it be practiced?'

The Buddha said: 'This is called the Eight Precepts (Eight Precepts). If one can observe them for one day and one night, or for a longer period, having received them from a teacher, one will obtain such a result.'

At that time, the Long-nailed Brahman (Long-nailed Brahman), having heard the Eight Precepts for day and night from the Buddha, because he had previously refrained from base and evil deeds, was able to obtain excellent and wonderful adornments, deeply believing and joyfully leaping. Immediately, in front of the Buddha, he abandoned his arrogant mind, threw his staff on the ground, joined his palms respectfully, prostrated himself at the Buddha's feet, and said: 'World-Honored One (World-Honored One)! Now I know that the karmic retribution of good and evil deeds is true and not false. From today until the end of my life, I take refuge in the Buddha, the most honored among those with two feet; until the end of my life, I take refuge in the Dharma (Dharma, Buddhist teachings), the most honored among those free from desire; until the end of my life, I take refuge in the Sangha (Sangha, monastic community), the most honored among all assemblies. I observe the Eight Precepts of Uposatha (Eight Precepts of Uposatha), from this moment until sunrise tomorrow, during which time:'

'I will not harm any living being, I will not steal the property of others, I will not engage in sexual misconduct or false speech, places of intoxication and negligence, garlands and decorations, singing and dancing, high and large beds, and untimely food, I now completely abstain from all of these, observing the pure Eight Precepts.'

The second and third days are also spoken of in the same way.

The Buddha said to the Brahman: 'Excellent! Excellent! It should be done like this, it should be observed like this.'

At that time, after the World-Honored One had spoken this Dharma, the Brahman, the Bhikkhu (Bhikkhu, ordained monks) assembly, and all the humans and devas (devas, gods), were all very happy, believing and practicing accordingly.

The Sutra of Questions by the Long-nailed Brahman

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