T16n0687_佛說孝子經
大正藏第 16 冊 No. 0687 佛說孝子經
No. 687
佛說孝子經
失譯人名今附西晉錄
佛問諸沙門：「親之生子，懷之十月，身為重病。臨生之日，母危父怖，其情難言。既生之後推燥臥濕，精誠之至血化為乳，摩拭澡浴，衣食教詔，禮賂師友，奉貢君長；子顏和悅親亦欣豫，子設慘慼親心焦枯，出門愛念入則存之，心懷惕惕懼其不善。親恩若此，何以報之？」
諸沙門對曰：「唯當盡禮慈心供養，以賽親恩。」
世尊又曰：「子之養親，甘露百味以恣其口，天樂眾音以娛其耳，名衣上服光耀其身，兩肩荷負周流四海，訖子年命以賽養恩，可謂孝乎？」
諸沙門曰：「惟孝之大莫尚乎茲？」
世尊告曰：「未為孝矣！若親頑闇不奉三尊，兇虐殘戾，濫竊非理，淫妷外色，偽辭非道，酖勉荒亂，違背正真兇㜸若斯，子當極諫以啟悟之。若猶瞢瞢未悟，即為義化，當牽譬引類，示王者之牢獄、諸囚之刑戮曰：『斯為不軌，身被眾毒，自招殞命。命終神去，繫於太山，湯火萬毒獨呼無救。由彼履惡，遭斯重殃矣。』設復未移，吟泣啼嗷絕不飲食，親雖不明，必以恩愛之痛懼子死矣。猶當強忍伏心崇道，若親遷志奉佛五戒，仁惻不殺，清讓不盜
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本 佛陀問各位沙門（shā mén，出家修道者）: 『父母生育子女，懷胎十個月，母親的身體如同重病一般。臨產之日，母親面臨危險，父親充滿恐懼，那種心情難以言表。孩子出生之後，父母總是將乾淨的地方留給孩子，自己睡在潮濕的地方，他們的真誠至極，血都化爲了乳汁。父母為孩子擦拭身體、洗澡，提供衣食，教導他們為人處世的道理，為他們聘請老師和朋友，並向君王和長輩進貢禮物。孩子面容和悅，父母就感到欣喜；孩子面露悲傷，父母內心就感到焦灼。出門在外，父母總是愛念著孩子，回到家中，父母又總是關心著孩子，心中總是充滿擔憂，害怕孩子學壞。父母的恩情如此深重，要怎樣才能報答呢？』 各位沙門回答說：『唯有盡心盡力地以禮節和慈愛之心供養父母，才能報答父母的恩情。』 世尊又說：『子女奉養父母，用各種美味佳餚來滿足他們的口腹之慾，用各種美妙的音樂來愉悅他們的耳朵，用名貴的衣服來裝飾他們的身體，用自己的雙肩來揹負父母，周遊四海，直到自己壽命終結，以此來報答父母的養育之恩，這樣就可以稱得上是孝順了嗎？』 各位沙門說：『孝順之大，沒有比這更大的了吧？』 世尊告訴他們說：『這還不能算是真正的孝順！如果父母愚昧頑固，不信奉佛、法、僧三寶（sān zūn），兇狠殘暴，肆意掠奪，行為不合道理，沉迷於淫慾，虛偽狡詐，不講道義，沉溺於飲酒作樂，荒廢正業，違背正道真理，兇惡醜陋到這種地步，子女應當竭盡全力勸諫，以啓發他們的覺悟。如果他們仍然昏聵不明，不肯醒悟，就應當用正義來感化他們，應當牽引譬喻，用類比的方法，向他們展示國王的牢獄、囚犯所受的刑罰，告訴他們說：「這就是因為行為不端，所以身體遭受各種毒害，自己招致死亡。命終之後，神識被拘禁在太山（Tài shān，泰山，中國五嶽之首，也指地獄），在湯火之中遭受各種毒害，獨自呼喊也無人救助。都是因為他們生前作惡，所以才遭受如此深重的災殃啊。」如果這樣還不能使他們改變，就應當哭泣哀嚎，甚至絕食，父母即使不明事理，也一定會因為對子女的恩愛之情，害怕子女死去。即使如此，子女仍然應當強忍悲痛，收斂心情，崇尚正道，如果父母因此而改變心意，信奉佛教的五戒（wǔ jiè），變得仁慈，不殺生，清廉謙讓，不偷盜』
【English Translation】 English version The Buddha asked the assembled Shramanas (shā mén, monastic practitioners): 'When parents give birth to a child, they carry it for ten months, the mother's body feels like it's suffering from a severe illness. On the day of delivery, the mother faces danger, and the father is filled with fear, their emotions are difficult to express. After the child is born, they always give the clean and dry place to the child, while they sleep in the wet place. Their sincerity is extreme, their blood transforms into milk. They wipe and bathe the child, provide food and clothing, teach them principles of conduct, hire teachers and friends for them, and offer gifts to the ruler and elders. When the child's face is cheerful, the parents feel happy; when the child looks sad, the parents' hearts feel anxious. When the child is away from home, the parents always miss them; when the child returns home, the parents always care for them, their hearts are always filled with worry, fearing that the child will learn bad habits. The parents' kindness is so profound, how can it be repaid?' The Shramanas replied: 'Only by wholeheartedly offering respectful and loving service to parents can their kindness be repaid.' The World Honored One further said: 'If a child nourishes their parents, using all kinds of delicious food to satisfy their appetite, using all kinds of wonderful music to delight their ears, using precious clothes to adorn their bodies, carrying their parents on their shoulders, traveling around the world, until the end of their own life, in order to repay their parents' nurturing grace, can this be considered filial piety?' The Shramanas said: 'There is no greater filial piety than this, is there?' The World Honored One told them: 'This is still not true filial piety! If the parents are ignorant and stubborn, do not believe in the Three Jewels (sān zūn) of Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha, are fierce and cruel, plunder wantonly, act unreasonably, indulge in lust, are hypocritical and deceitful, do not speak of righteousness, indulge in drinking and pleasure, neglect their proper business, go against the true path, and are so evil and ugly, the children should try their best to admonish them, in order to enlighten them. If they are still muddled and do not awaken, then they should use righteousness to influence them, they should draw analogies and metaphors, show them the king's prison, the punishments suffered by prisoners, and tell them: "This is because of improper behavior, so the body suffers all kinds of poisons, and they bring death upon themselves. After death, their consciousness is imprisoned in Mount Tai (Tài shān, Mount Tai, the first of the Five Great Mountains of China, also refers to hell), suffering all kinds of poisons in boiling water, and crying out alone without help. It is all because they committed evil deeds in their lifetime that they suffer such heavy disasters." If this still cannot change them, then they should weep and wail, even abstain from food, the parents, even if they are unreasonable, will surely fear the death of their children because of their love for them. Even so, the children should still endure the pain, restrain their emotions, and uphold the righteous path. If the parents therefore change their minds, believe in the Five Precepts (wǔ jiè) of Buddhism, become benevolent, do not kill, are honest and modest, and do not steal.'
，貞潔不淫，守信不欺，孝順不醉者，宗門之內，即親慈子孝，夫正婦貞，九族和睦僕使順從，潤澤遠被含血受恩，十方諸佛天龍鬼神，有道之君、忠平之臣，黎庶萬姓無不敬愛，祐而安之。數有顛倒之政，佞嬖之輔，兇兒妖婦，千邪萬怪，無如已何。於是二親處世常安，壽終魂靈往生天上，諸佛共會得聞法言，獲道度世長與苦別。」
佛告諸沙門：「睹世無孝唯斯為孝耳。能令親去惡為善，奉持五戒，執三自歸，朝奉而暮終者，恩重於親乳哺之養無量之惠。若不能以三尊之至化其親者，雖為孝養猶為不孝。無以孽妻遠賢不親，女情多欲好色無倦，違孝殺親，國政荒亂，萬民流亡，本志惠施，禮式自撿，軟心崇仁，烝烝進德，潛意寂寞，學志睿達，名動諸天，明齊賢者，自穢妻聚，惑志女色，荒迷於欲，妖蠱姿態其變萬端。薄智之夫、淺見之士，睹其如此，不覺微漸，遂回志沒身，從彼魃魅邪巧之亂，或危親殺君，吝色情蕩，忿嫉怠慢，散心盲冥，等行鳥獸，自古世來，無不由之殺身滅宗，是以沙門獨而不雙，清潔其志以道是務。奉斯明戒，為君即保四海，為臣即忠，以仁養民，即父法明子孝慈，夫信婦貞。優婆塞、優婆夷執行如是，世世逢佛見法得道。」
佛說如是，弟子歡喜。
佛說孝子經
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本： 『貞潔不淫，守信不欺，孝順不醉的人，在宗族之內，就能使父母慈愛子女孝順，丈夫正直妻子貞潔，整個家族和睦，僕人順從，恩澤深遠，使所有有生命的都感受到恩惠。十方諸佛、天龍鬼神，有道的君王、忠誠正直的臣子，以及百姓萬民，無不敬愛這樣的人，保佑他們平安。即使遇到顛倒錯亂的政事，奸佞小人的輔佐，兇惡的孩童和妖媚的婦人，各種邪惡怪異的事情，也無法對他造成任何影響。這樣，父母在世就能平安，壽命終結后靈魂往生到天上，與諸佛共同聚會聽聞佛法，獲得覺悟，脫離世間的痛苦。』 『佛告訴各位沙門（佛教出家修行者）：『世上沒有比這更大的孝行了。能夠使父母棄惡從善，奉行五戒，皈依三寶，早晚都能奉養他們直到去世，這樣的恩情比父母的養育之恩還要深重，恩惠無量。如果不能用三寶的教誨來感化父母，即使孝養他們，也仍然是不孝。不要因為妖艷的妻子而疏遠賢良，女子情慾多，貪戀美色沒有厭倦，違背孝道甚至殺害親人，導致國家政事荒廢混亂，百姓流離失所。應該堅持本來的志向，施行恩惠，遵守禮儀規範，約束自己，心地善良，崇尚仁愛，不斷增進德行，內心清凈寂寞，學習立志，智慧通達，名聲傳遍諸天，明智與賢者齊平。如果因為沉溺於妻子的聚會，被女色迷惑心志，沉迷於情慾，妖媚的姿態變化萬端。那些智慧淺薄的人，見識短淺的士人，看到這種情況，不知不覺地逐漸沉淪，於是改變志向，喪失自身，聽從那些妖魔鬼怪的邪惡伎倆，甚至會危害親人，殺害君王，吝嗇美色，放縱情慾，充滿憤怒嫉妒和懈怠，心神散亂，盲目無知，行為如同禽獸。自古以來，沒有不是因為這樣而導致身死族滅的。因此，沙門應該獨身修行，保持志向的清凈，以修道為己任。奉行這些明智的戒律，為君王就能保衛國家，為臣子就能忠誠，用仁愛來養育百姓，做父親就能使兒子明白孝道，做丈夫就能使妻子貞潔。優婆塞（在家男居士）、優婆夷（在家女居士）如果能夠這樣實行，世世代代都能遇到佛，聽聞佛法，獲得覺悟。』 佛說完這些話，弟子們都非常歡喜。 《佛說孝子經》
【English Translation】 English version: 'Those who are chaste and not lewd, keep their word and do not deceive, are filial and not drunk, within the clan, there will be parental love and filial piety, husbands upright and wives chaste, the whole family in harmony, servants obedient, and blessings spread far and wide, so that all living beings receive grace. The Buddhas of the ten directions, dragons, gods, and spirits, virtuous rulers, loyal and upright ministers, and the myriad people will all respect and love such individuals, protecting them in peace. Even if there are inverted and chaotic affairs of state, the assistance of treacherous and flattering individuals, wicked children and seductive women, and all kinds of evil and strange occurrences, they will not be able to harm them. In this way, parents will live peacefully in the world, and after their lives end, their souls will be reborn in the heavens, where they will gather with all the Buddhas to hear the Dharma, attain enlightenment, and be separated from suffering forever.' 'The Buddha told the Shramanas (Buddhist monks): 'There is no greater filial piety in the world than this. To enable parents to abandon evil and do good, observe the Five Precepts, take refuge in the Three Jewels, and be able to support them morning and evening until their death, such kindness is greater than the nurturing grace of parents, and the blessings are immeasurable. If one cannot transform one's parents with the teachings of the Three Jewels, even if one provides for them, it is still unfilial. Do not alienate the virtuous because of a seductive wife. Women have much desire and are tirelessly fond of beauty, violating filial piety and even killing relatives, leading to the abandonment and chaos of state affairs, and the displacement of the people. One should uphold one's original aspirations, practice generosity, abide by etiquette and norms, restrain oneself, be kind-hearted, uphold benevolence, constantly improve one's virtue, be inwardly quiet and solitary, study with determination, be wise and insightful, and have one's name spread throughout the heavens, with wisdom equal to that of the virtuous. If one indulges in gatherings with one's wife, is deluded by the beauty of women, and is addicted to desire, with seductive appearances changing in countless ways, those who are shallow in wisdom and short-sighted, seeing this, unknowingly gradually sink, and then change their aspirations, lose themselves, and follow the evil tricks of those demons and ghosts, even harming relatives and killing rulers, being stingy with beauty, indulging in lust, filled with anger, jealousy, and laziness, with scattered minds, blind and ignorant, behaving like birds and beasts. Since ancient times, there has been no one who has not caused their own death and the destruction of their clan because of this. Therefore, Shramanas should practice celibacy, maintain the purity of their aspirations, and make cultivating the Way their duty. By upholding these wise precepts, as a ruler, one can protect the country, as a minister, one can be loyal, and by nurturing the people with benevolence, as a father, one can make one's son understand filial piety, and as a husband, one can make one's wife chaste. Upasakas (male lay practitioners) and Upasikas (female lay practitioners), if they can practice in this way, will encounter the Buddha, hear the Dharma, and attain enlightenment in every lifetime.' After the Buddha spoke these words, the disciples were all very happy. The Sutra of the Filial Son Spoken by the Buddha