T16n0688_佛說未曾有經
大正藏第 16 冊 No. 0688 佛說未曾有經
No. 688 [No. 689]
佛說未曾有經
後漢失譯人名出古舊錄
如是我聞：
一時，佛住王舍城耆阇崛山，與大比丘眾千二百五十人俱。
爾時，尊者阿難晨朝著衣持缽，入王舍城，正念乞食。見有一處新作大舍，重閣高顯、戶牖雕飾、墻壁嚴整，無有風塵障隔寒暑。尊者阿難見已，即作是念：「若有善男子、善女人作如是嚴麗之舍，佈施四方眾僧；若如來般涅槃后，復有善男子、善女人以如芥子舍利，起塔大如庵摩勒果，其剎如針，上施槃蓋如酸棗葉，若作佛像乃至如𪍿麥。是二功德，何者為多？」
爾時，尊者阿難乞食訖，還本處飯食竟，舉衣缽，洗足已，往詣佛所。一心恭敬，頭面作禮，於一面坐已，白佛言：「世尊！我于彼處晨朝著衣，持缽入王舍城乞食。見有一處新作大舍，重閣高顯、戶牖雕飾、墻壁嚴整，無有風塵障隔寒暑，便作是念：『若有善男子、善女人能作如是妙麗之舍，佈施四方眾僧；若佛般涅槃后，復有善男子、善女人以如芥子舍利起塔，大如庵摩勒果，其剎如針，上施槃蓋如酸棗葉，若作佛像乃至如𪍿麥。是二功德，何者為多？』」
爾時，世尊告阿難言：
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本 《佛說未曾有經》
後漢時期佚名譯者翻譯，記錄于古舊經錄中。
我是這樣聽說的：
一時，佛陀住在王舍城（Rājagṛha）的耆阇崛山（Gṛdhrakūṭa），與一千二百五十位大比丘在一起。
當時，尊者阿難（Ānanda）早上穿好衣服，拿著缽，進入王舍城，以正念乞食。他看到一處新建的大房子，重樓高閣，門窗雕飾精美，墻壁嚴整，沒有風塵能夠阻隔寒暑。尊者阿難看到后，心中想道：『如果有善男子、善女人建造這樣華麗的房子，佈施給四方眾僧；如果如來（Tathāgata）般涅槃（Parinirvāṇa）后，又有善男子、善女人用像芥子一樣大小的舍利（Śarīra），建造佛塔，佛塔大如庵摩勒果（āmalaka，一種果實），塔剎細如針，上面覆蓋的槃蓋（Paṇḍava）像酸棗葉，或者塑造佛像，乃至像𪍿麥（一種小麥）。這兩種功德，哪一種更多呢？』
當時，尊者阿難乞食完畢，回到住處吃完飯，收拾好衣缽，洗完腳，前往佛陀所在的地方。他一心恭敬，頂禮佛足，在一旁坐下，對佛陀說：『世尊（Bhagavat）！我早上穿好衣服，拿著缽進入王舍城乞食。看到一處新建的大房子，重樓高閣，門窗雕飾精美，墻壁嚴整，沒有風塵能夠阻隔寒暑，便這樣想：如果有善男子、善女人能夠建造這樣美妙華麗的房子，佈施給四方眾僧；如果佛陀般涅槃后，又有善男子、善女人用像芥子一樣大小的舍利建造佛塔，佛塔大如庵摩勒果，塔剎細如針，上面覆蓋的槃蓋像酸棗葉，或者塑造佛像，乃至像𪍿麥。這兩種功德，哪一種更多呢？』
當時，世尊告訴阿難說：
【English Translation】 English version The Buddha Speaks of the Unprecedented Dharma
Translated during the Later Han Dynasty by an unknown translator; recorded in ancient catalogs.
Thus have I heard:
At one time, the Buddha was staying at Gṛdhrakūṭa (Vulture Peak) in Rājagṛha (Royal City), together with a large assembly of twelve hundred and fifty Bhikṣus (monks).
At that time, the Venerable Ānanda (bliss) in the morning, put on his robes, held his bowl, and entered Rājagṛha, mindfully seeking alms. He saw a newly built large house, with high double-storied pavilions, exquisitely carved doors and windows, and well-arranged walls, free from wind and dust, and protected from heat and cold. Having seen this, the Venerable Ānanda immediately thought: 'If there is a virtuous man or virtuous woman who builds such a magnificent house and donates it to the Sangha (community) of the four directions; or if, after the Tathāgata's (Thus Gone One) Parinirvāṇa (complete extinction), there is again a virtuous man or virtuous woman who uses a Śarīra (relic) as small as a mustard seed to build a Stūpa (pagoda), as large as an āmalaka (myrobalan) fruit, with a finial as thin as a needle, and a Paṇḍava (umbrella) covering on top like a jujube leaf, or makes a Buddha image even as small as a barleycorn. Which of these two merits is greater?'
At that time, the Venerable Ānanda, having finished seeking alms, returned to his dwelling, finished his meal, put away his robes and bowl, washed his feet, and went to the place where the Buddha was. With utmost reverence, he bowed his head to the ground in obeisance, and sat to one side. He then said to the Buddha: 'Bhagavat (World Honored One)! This morning, I put on my robes and, holding my bowl, entered Rājagṛha to seek alms. I saw a newly built large house, with high double-storied pavilions, exquisitely carved doors and windows, and well-arranged walls, free from wind and dust, and protected from heat and cold. I then thought: 'If there is a virtuous man or virtuous woman who can build such a wonderful and magnificent house and donate it to the Sangha of the four directions; or if, after the Buddha's Parinirvāṇa, there is again a virtuous man or virtuous woman who uses a Śarīra as small as a mustard seed to build a Stūpa, as large as an āmalaka fruit, with a finial as thin as a needle, and a Paṇḍava covering on top like a jujube leaf, or makes a Buddha image even as small as a barleycorn. Which of these two merits is greater?''
At that time, the World Honored One said to Ānanda:
「善哉，善哉！阿難！汝為多人故、為安樂眾生故、為哀愍世間故、為大眾故、為多饒益天人故，乃以是義問于如來。阿難！諦聽，善思念之！閻浮提地廣七千由延，北闊南狹，其中人面似如車形，如是地上滿中甘蔗、竹葦、稻麻、叢林，無空缺處猶如一體。阿難！是諸草木皆悉為人，得須陀洹、斯陀含、阿那含、阿羅漢、辟支佛。若有一人，盡壽供養衣缽、飲食、床座、醫藥、房舍所須，具足供給，至滅度后一一起塔，各起塔已，供養恭敬，香華、伎樂、燒香、涂香、末香、幢幡、寶蓋如是具足。于汝意云何？如此功德寧為多不？」
阿難白佛言：「甚多。世尊！甚多。善逝！是善男子、善女人得大功德。」
佛告阿難：「置是閻浮提，復有瞿耶尼，廣八千由延，人面如半月，于彼中人亦復如是作大功德。
「複次，阿難！置是瞿耶尼，復有弗于逮，廣九千由延，人面圓滿，于彼人中悉亦如是作大功德。
「複次，阿難！置是弗于逮，復有郁單越，廣萬由延，人面正方，于彼中人悉亦如是作大功德。」
佛告阿難：「釋提桓因大莊嚴殿，雕文刻鏤、微妙奇特，有八萬四千寶柱，以天青琉璃間廁黃金，以為羅網彌覆其上，金沙布地，奇妙栴檀以為欄楯。
「複次，阿難！是天帝
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本 『太好了，太好了！阿難（Ananda，佛陀的十大弟子之一）！你爲了許多人的緣故，爲了眾生的安樂，爲了憐憫世間，爲了大眾的利益，爲了使天人和世人得到更多的利益，才向如來（Tathagata，佛陀的稱號之一）詢問這樣的問題。阿難！仔細聽，好好地思考！閻浮提（Jambudvipa，四大部洲之一，我們所居住的娑婆世界）的土地廣闊七千由延（yojana，古印度長度單位），北邊寬闊而南邊狹窄，那裡的人的面容像車子的形狀。這樣的土地上長滿了甘蔗、竹葦、稻麻、叢林，沒有空缺的地方，就像一體一樣。阿難！這些草木都爲了人們，證得了須陀洹（Srotapanna，小乘佛教四果中的初果）、斯陀含（Sakrdagamin，小乘佛教四果中的二果）、阿那含（Anagamin，小乘佛教四果中的三果）、阿羅漢（Arhat，小乘佛教四果中的四果）、辟支佛（Pratyekabuddha，緣覺）。如果有一個人，盡其一生供養他們衣缽、飲食、床座、醫藥、房舍等所需之物，完全地供給，直到他們滅度之後，一一為他們起塔，每起一座塔之後，都供養恭敬，用香華、伎樂、燒香、涂香、末香、幢幡、寶蓋等來供養。你認為怎麼樣？這樣的功德難道不多嗎？』
阿難對佛說：『非常多。世尊（Bhagavan，佛陀的稱號之一）！非常多。善逝（Sugata，佛陀的稱號之一）！這位善男子、善女人會得到很大的功德。』
佛告訴阿難：『放下這閻浮提不談，還有瞿耶尼（Godaniya，四大部洲之一），廣闊八千由延，那裡的人的面容像半月，在那裡的人也同樣做這樣大的功德。』
『再者，阿難！放下這瞿耶尼不談，還有弗于逮（Purvavideha，四大部洲之一），廣闊九千由延，那裡的人的面容是圓滿的，在那裡的人也都同樣做這樣大的功德。』
『再者，阿難！放下這弗于逮不談，還有郁單越（Uttarakuru，四大部洲之一），廣闊一萬由延，那裡的人的面容是正方形的，在那裡的人也都同樣做這樣大的功德。』
佛告訴阿難：『釋提桓因（Sakra devanam Indra，忉利天之主）的大莊嚴殿，雕刻著花紋，精妙奇特，有八萬四千根寶柱，用天青琉璃和黃金間隔裝飾，用羅網覆蓋在上面，用金沙鋪地，用奇妙的栴檀木做欄桿。』
『再者，阿難！這位天帝（Deva，天神）……』
【English Translation】 English version 『Excellent, excellent! Ananda! Because of many people, for the happiness of sentient beings, out of compassion for the world, for the sake of the multitude, and for the great benefit of gods and humans, you have asked the Tathagata about this meaning. Ananda! Listen carefully and contemplate it well! The land of Jambudvipa is seven thousand yojanas wide, broad in the north and narrow in the south, and the faces of the people there resemble the shape of a cart. Such land is filled with sugarcane, bamboo reeds, rice, hemp, and forests, with no empty spaces, as if it were one entity. Ananda! All these plants and trees are for the sake of people, who attain Srotapanna, Sakrdagamin, Anagamin, Arhat, and Pratyekabuddha. If there is a person who, throughout their life, offers them robes, alms bowls, food, bedding, medicine, dwellings, and all necessities, providing them completely, and after their extinction, erects a stupa for each of them, and after erecting each stupa, makes offerings with reverence, using incense, flowers, music, burning incense, scented paste, powdered incense, banners, and jeweled canopies, providing all these things completely. What do you think? Is such merit not great?』
Ananda said to the Buddha: 『Very much so, World Honored One! Very much so, Sugata! This good man, this good woman, will obtain great merit.』
The Buddha told Ananda: 『Setting aside this Jambudvipa, there is also Godaniya, which is eight thousand yojanas wide, and the faces of the people there are like half-moons. The people there also perform such great merit.』
『Furthermore, Ananda! Setting aside this Godaniya, there is also Purvavideha, which is nine thousand yojanas wide, and the faces of the people there are perfectly round. The people there also perform such great merit.』
『Furthermore, Ananda! Setting aside this Purvavideha, there is also Uttarakuru, which is ten thousand yojanas wide, and the faces of the people there are perfectly square. The people there also perform such great merit.』
The Buddha told Ananda: 『Sakra devanam Indra』s great adorned palace is carved with patterns, wonderfully unique, and has eighty-four thousand jeweled pillars, with azure lapis lazuli interspersed with gold, and a net covering it above, with golden sand spread on the ground, and wondrous sandalwood used as railings.』
『Furthermore, Ananda! This Deva...』
釋大莊嚴殿，復有八萬四千寶窗，亦以天青琉璃間廁黃金，以為羅網彌覆其上，布以金沙，栴檀欄楯。
「複次，阿難！是天帝釋大莊嚴殿，復有八萬四千天紺寶窗，微妙嚴麗挍飾如上。
「複次，阿難！是天帝釋大莊嚴殿，復有八萬四千樓櫓，館閣四出圍繞眾寶，挍飾亦復如上。」
佛告阿難：「若有善男子、善女人作是天帝釋大莊嚴殿，施四方眾僧。于汝意云何？是善男子、善女人以此因緣得大功德不？」
阿難白佛言：「甚多。世尊！甚多。善逝！此善男子、善女人得大功德。」
佛告阿難：「置此四天下功德，復置釋提桓因大莊嚴殿功德。若有善男子、善女人作百千億釋提桓因大莊嚴殿，施四方僧；復有善男子、善女人于佛般涅槃后，以如芥子舍利起塔，大如庵摩勒果，其剎如針，上施槃蓋如酸棗葉，若造佛形像乃至如𪍿麥，此功德滿足，百倍不及，千倍、萬倍、百千萬億倍所不能及，不可稱量。阿難當知，是如來無量功德，戒分、定分、智慧分、解脫分、知見解脫分。
「複次，阿難！如來無量功德，有大神通神足變化，及檀波羅蜜、尸波羅蜜、羼提波羅蜜、毗梨耶波羅蜜、禪波羅蜜、般若波羅蜜如是等無量功德。」
爾時，佛告尊者阿難：「汝諦受持此經。
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本 釋迦牟尼佛的大莊嚴殿，還有八萬四千個寶窗，也用天青琉璃和黃金交錯裝飾，用羅網覆蓋其上，鋪上金沙，用栴檀木做欄桿。
『再者，阿難（Ananda，佛陀的十大弟子之一）！天帝釋（Śakra Devānām Indra，忉利天之主）的大莊嚴殿，還有八萬四千個天紺寶窗，精妙莊嚴，裝飾如同上面所說。』
『再者，阿難！天帝釋的大莊嚴殿，還有八萬四千個樓櫓，館閣四面伸出，圍繞著各種寶物，裝飾也如同上面所說。』
佛告訴阿難：『如果有善男子、善女人建造這樣的天帝釋大莊嚴殿，佈施給四方僧眾。你認為如何？這位善男子、善女人因此因緣能得到大的功德嗎？』
阿難稟告佛說：『非常多。世尊（Bhagavan，佛的尊稱）！非常多。善逝（Sugata，如來的稱號之一）！這位善男子、善女人能得到大的功德。』
佛告訴阿難：『放下這四天下的功德，也放下釋提桓因（Śakro devānam indraḥ，天帝釋的另一種稱呼）大莊嚴殿的功德。如果有善男子、善女人建造百千億個釋提桓因大莊嚴殿，佈施給四方僧眾；又如果有善男子、善女人在佛陀般涅槃（Parinirvana，佛陀的最終涅槃）后，用如芥菜籽大小的舍利（Śarīra，佛陀或高僧火化后的遺物）建造佛塔，大如庵摩勒果（Āmalaka，一種果實），塔剎如針，上面施加的傘蓋如酸棗葉，或者塑造佛的形象，乃至如𪍿麥（一種小麥），這種功德的滿足，百倍不及，千倍、萬倍、百千萬億倍都不能及，不可稱量。阿難應當知道，這是如來無量的功德，戒律之分、禪定之分、智慧之分、解脫之分、解脫知見之分。
『再者，阿難！如來無量的功德，有大神通道力變化，以及檀波羅蜜（Dāna-pāramitā，佈施波羅蜜）、尸波羅蜜（Śīla-pāramitā，持戒波羅蜜）、羼提波羅蜜（Kṣānti-pāramitā，忍辱波羅蜜）、毗梨耶波羅蜜（Vīrya-pāramitā，精進波羅蜜）、禪波羅蜜（Dhyāna-pāramitā，禪定波羅蜜）、般若波羅蜜（Prajñā-pāramitā，智慧波羅蜜）等等無量功德。』
這時，佛告訴尊者阿難：『你仔細受持這部經。』
【English Translation】 English version The Great Adornment Hall of Śakra (Śakra Devānām Indra, the lord of the Trāyastriṃśa Heaven) also had eighty-four thousand jeweled windows, interspersed with lapis lazuli and gold, covered with nets, spread with golden sand, and with sandalwood railings.
'Furthermore, Ānanda (one of the ten principal disciples of the Buddha)! The Great Adornment Hall of Śakra also had eighty-four thousand celestial sapphire windows, exquisitely adorned as described above.'
'Furthermore, Ānanda! The Great Adornment Hall of Śakra also had eighty-four thousand towers and pavilions, with surrounding treasures, adorned as described above.'
The Buddha said to Ānanda: 'If a virtuous man or virtuous woman were to construct such a Great Adornment Hall of Śakra and donate it to the Sangha (Buddhist monastic order) of the four directions, what do you think? Would this virtuous man or virtuous woman gain great merit from this cause?'
Ānanda replied to the Buddha: 'Very much, World-Honored One (Bhagavan, an epithet of the Buddha)! Very much, Well-Gone One (Sugata, an epithet of the Tathagata)! This virtuous man or virtuous woman would gain great merit.'
The Buddha said to Ānanda: 'Set aside the merit of these four continents, and also set aside the merit of the Great Adornment Hall of Śakro devānam indraḥ (another name for Śakra). If a virtuous man or virtuous woman were to construct hundreds of thousands of millions of Great Adornment Halls of Śakro devānam indraḥ and donate them to the Sangha of the four directions; and if another virtuous man or virtuous woman, after the Parinirvana (the final nirvana) of the Buddha, were to build a stupa (Buddhist monument) with relics (Śarīra, cremated remains of the Buddha or eminent monks) as small as mustard seeds, as large as an Āmalaka (a type of fruit), with a finial as thin as a needle, and a parasol on top as small as a jujube leaf, or were to create an image of the Buddha even as small as a barleycorn, the fulfillment of this merit would not be equaled by a hundred times, a thousand times, ten thousand times, or hundreds of thousands of millions of times, it is immeasurable. Ānanda, you should know that this is the immeasurable merit of the Tathagata (another name for the Buddha), the division of precepts, the division of samadhi (meditative absorption), the division of wisdom, the division of liberation, and the division of the knowledge and vision of liberation.'
'Furthermore, Ānanda! The immeasurable merit of the Tathagata includes great supernatural powers and transformations, as well as Dāna-pāramitā (perfection of giving), Śīla-pāramitā (perfection of morality), Kṣānti-pāramitā (perfection of patience), Vīrya-pāramitā (perfection of vigor), Dhyāna-pāramitā (perfection of meditation), Prajñā-pāramitā (perfection of wisdom), and other such immeasurable merits.'
At that time, the Buddha said to the Venerable Ānanda: 'Diligently receive and uphold this sutra (Buddhist scripture).'
」
阿難白佛言：「受教。世尊！此名何法？我等如來法中當云何受持？」
佛告阿難：「此名『未曾有法』，是一切清凈妙法方便。我以是故慇勤囑汝，當數數廣為諸天、人、阿修羅、龍、夜叉、乾闥婆、伽留羅、緊那羅、摩睺羅伽、人非人等，分別說之，當作如來善根功德種子，一切眾生聞者，得入如來善根功德。以是因緣故，離諸煩惱，悉皆成佛。」
諸比丘聞已，歡喜作禮。
藥王佛 藥王菩薩 藥上菩薩 最上天王佛
佛說未曾有經
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本 阿難對佛說：『謹遵教誨。世尊！這叫什麼法？我們應當如何在如來的法中受持？』 佛告訴阿難：『這叫「未曾有法」，是一切清凈妙法的方便。因此我慇勤地囑咐你，應當多次廣泛地為諸天（devas）、人（humans）、阿修羅（asuras）、龍（nagas）、夜叉（yakshas）、乾闥婆（gandharvas）、伽留羅（garudas）、緊那羅（kinnaras）、摩睺羅伽（mahoragas）、人非人等，分別解說此法，作為如來的善根功德種子，一切眾生聽聞此法，就能進入如來的善根功德。因為這個因緣，就能遠離各種煩惱，全部成就佛果。』 眾比丘聽聞后，歡喜地行禮。 藥王佛（Bhaisajya-raja Buddha），藥王菩薩（Bhaisajya-raja Bodhisattva），藥上菩薩（Bhaisajya-samudgata Bodhisattva），最上天王佛（Paramaraja-deva Buddha） 佛說未曾有經
【English Translation】 English version Ananda said to the Buddha: 'I will follow your teachings. World Honored One! What is the name of this Dharma? How should we receive and uphold it within the Dharma of the Tathagata?' The Buddha told Ananda: 'This is called the 『Adbhuta-dharma』 (Law of the Unprecedented), it is a skillful means of all pure and wonderful Dharmas. Therefore, I earnestly instruct you to repeatedly and extensively explain it to the devas (gods), humans (humans), asuras (demons), nagas (dragons), yakshas (spirits), gandharvas (celestial musicians), garudas (mythical birds), kinnaras (celestial musicians), mahoragas (great serpents), non-humans, and others, regarding it as the seed of the Tathagata's roots of goodness and merit. All sentient beings who hear this Dharma will be able to enter into the Tathagata's roots of goodness and merit. Because of this cause and condition, they will be able to be free from all afflictions and all attain Buddhahood.' The bhikshus (monks), having heard this, rejoiced and bowed in reverence. Bhaisajya-raja Buddha (Medicine King Buddha), Bhaisajya-raja Bodhisattva (Medicine King Bodhisattva), Bhaisajya-samudgata Bodhisattva (Medicine Superior Bodhisattva), Paramaraja-deva Buddha (Supreme King of Gods Buddha) The Sutra of the Unprecedented is spoken by the Buddha