T16n0701_佛說溫室洗浴眾僧經
大正藏第 16 冊 No. 0701 佛說溫室洗浴眾僧經
No. 701
佛說溫室洗浴眾僧經
後漢安息三藏安世高譯
阿難曰：「吾從佛聞如是：
「一時佛在摩竭國因沙崛山中，王舍城內。有大長者奈女之子，名曰耆域，為大醫王，療治眾病——少小好學，才藝過通；智達五經、天文地理——其所治者，莫不除愈；死者更生，喪車得還。其德甚多，不可具陳；八國宗仰，見者歡喜。
「於是耆域夜欻生念：『明至佛所，當問我疑。』晨旦，敕家大小眷屬，嚴至佛所。到精舍門，見佛炳然，光照天地。眾坐四輩，數千萬人，佛為說法，一心靜聽。耆域、眷屬下車直進，為佛作禮，各坐一面。
「佛慰勞曰：『善來，醫王！欲有所問，莫得疑難！』
「耆域長跪白佛言：『雖得生世，為人疏野，隨俗眾流，未曾為福。今欲請佛及諸眾僧、菩薩大士，入溫室澡浴。愿令眾生長夜清凈，穢垢消除，不遭眾患。唯佛聖旨，不忽所愿！』
「佛告醫王：『善哉，妙意！治眾人病，皆蒙除愈，遠近慶賴，莫不歡喜。今復請佛及諸眾僧，入溫室洗浴，愿及十方眾藥療病，洗浴除垢，其福無量。一心諦聽，吾當為汝先說澡浴眾僧反報之福！』
「佛告
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本 《佛說溫室洗浴眾僧經》
後漢安息三藏安世高譯
阿難（Ananda）說：『我從佛陀那裡聽到如下教導：
一時，佛陀在摩竭國（Magadha）因沙崛山（Mount Gijjhakuta）中的王舍城（Rajagriha）內。有一位大長者奈女（奈女）的兒子，名叫耆域（Jivaka），是一位偉大的醫王，他能治療各種疾病——從小就好學，才藝非常精通；智慧通達五經、天文地理——他所治療的病人，沒有不痊癒的；甚至能使死人復生，讓出殯的喪車返回。他的功德非常多，無法一一陳述；受到八個國家的敬仰，見到他的人都非常歡喜。
於是，耆域（Jivaka）在夜裡忽然生起一個念頭：『明天到佛陀那裡，應當請教我心中的疑問。』第二天早晨，他吩咐家中的大小眷屬，莊嚴地前往佛陀的住所。到達精舍的門口，看到佛陀光明煥發，照亮了天地。大眾分為四類，有數千萬人，佛陀正在為他們說法，大家都一心靜聽。耆域（Jivaka）和他的眷屬下了車，逕直走到佛陀面前，向佛陀行禮，各自在一旁坐下。
佛陀慰勞他說：『善來，醫王（Medical King）！你想問什麼問題，不要有什麼疑慮！』
耆域（Jivaka）長跪合掌，對佛陀說：『我雖然有幸生於人世，但為人粗疏淺陋，隨波逐流，從未做過什麼善事。現在我想邀請佛陀以及各位眾僧、菩薩大士，到溫室中洗浴。愿能使眾生在漫長的黑夜中得到清凈，使污穢垢染消除，不遭受各種疾病的困擾。懇請佛陀允許我的請求！』
佛陀告訴耆域（Jivaka）：『很好，你的想法很妙！你醫治眾人的疾病，都使他們痊癒，遠近的人都慶幸依賴你，沒有不歡喜的。現在你又邀請佛陀以及各位眾僧，到溫室中洗浴，希望十方眾藥也能用來療病，洗浴去除污垢，你的福報是無量的。專心諦聽，我將為你先說洗浴眾僧所能獲得的回報之福！』
佛陀告訴
【English Translation】 English version The Buddha Speaks of the Bathing of the Sangha in a Warm Room Sutra
Translated by An Shih-kao, Tripitaka Master from Parthia, Later Han Dynasty
Ananda said: 'I heard the following from the Buddha:
'At one time, the Buddha was in Rajagriha (Royal City) within Mount Gijjhakuta (Vulture Peak Mountain) in the kingdom of Magadha (Magadha). There was a great elder, the son of a woman named 奈女 (Naini), named Jivaka (Jivaka), who was a great medical king, curing all kinds of diseases—he loved to learn from a young age, and his talents were exceptionally proficient; his wisdom penetrated the Five Classics, astronomy, and geography—those he treated were invariably cured; he could even revive the dead and return funeral carriages. His virtues were numerous and cannot be fully recounted; he was revered by eight kingdoms, and those who saw him rejoiced.
'Thereupon, Jivaka (Jivaka) suddenly had a thought in the night: 'Tomorrow I will go to the Buddha and ask about my doubts.' The next morning, he instructed his family and relatives to solemnly go to the Buddha's residence. Arriving at the gate of the monastery, he saw the Buddha radiant, illuminating heaven and earth. The assembly consisted of four groups, numbering in the tens of millions, and the Buddha was expounding the Dharma for them, all listening attentively. Jivaka (Jivaka) and his family got out of their carriages, went straight to the Buddha, paid their respects, and sat down on one side.
The Buddha greeted him, saying: 'Welcome, Medical King (Medical King)! If you have any questions, do not hesitate to ask!'
Jivaka (Jivaka) knelt down and said to the Buddha: 'Although I am fortunate to be born into this world, I am crude and ignorant, following the common flow, and have never done any good deeds. Now I wish to invite the Buddha and all the Sangha, Bodhisattvas and great beings, to bathe in a warm room. May it enable sentient beings to attain purity in the long night, eliminate defilements and impurities, and not suffer from various diseases. I humbly request the Buddha's permission!'
The Buddha told Jivaka (Jivaka): 'Excellent, your intention is wonderful! You cure the diseases of all people, causing them to recover, and those near and far rejoice and rely on you, and none are unhappy. Now you invite the Buddha and all the Sangha to bathe in a warm room, hoping that the medicines of the ten directions can also be used to cure diseases, and bathing can remove impurities, your blessings will be immeasurable. Listen attentively, and I will first tell you about the blessings of the rewards that can be obtained by bathing the Sangha!'
The Buddha told
耆域：『澡浴之法，當用七物，除去七病，得七福報。何謂七物？一者、然火；二者、凈水；三者、澡豆；四者、蘇膏；五者、淳灰；六者、楊枝；七者、內衣。此是澡浴之法。何謂除去七病？一者、四大安隱；二者、除風病；三者、除濕痹；四者、除寒冰；五者、除熱氣；六者、除垢穢；七者、身體輕便，眼目精明。是為除去眾僧七病。如是供養，便得七福。何謂七福？一者、四大無病，所生常安，勇武丁健，眾所敬仰；二者、所生清凈，面目端正，塵水不著，為人所敬；三者、身體常香，衣服潔凈，見者歡喜，莫不恭敬；四者、肌體濡澤，威光德大，莫不敬嘆，獨步無雙；五者、多饒人從，拂拭塵垢，自然受福，常識宿命；六者、口齒香好，方白齊平，所說教令，莫不肅用；七者、所生之處，自然衣裳，光飾珍寶，見者悚息。』
「佛告耆域：『作此洗浴眾僧、開士，七福如是。從此因緣，或為人臣、或為帝王，或為日、月四天神王，或為帝釋、轉輪聖王，或生梵天，受福難量；或為菩薩，發意持地，功成志就，遂致作佛。斯之因緣，供養眾僧，無量福田，旱澇不傷。』
「於是世尊重為耆域而作頌曰：
「『觀諸三界中， 天人受景福， 道德無限量， 諦聽次說之。 夫人生處世
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本 耆域（Jivaka，人名）：『沐浴的方法，應當使用七種物品，去除七種疾病，得到七種福報。什麼是七種物品？一是燃起的火；二是乾淨的水；三是澡豆（清潔用品）；四是蘇膏（酥油製成的膏）；五是淳灰（純凈的灰）；六是楊枝（用以清潔牙齒的樹枝）；七是內衣。這些是沐浴的方法。什麼是去除七種疾病？一是四大（地、水、火、風）安穩；二是去除風病；三是去除濕痹（風濕病）；四是去除寒冰（寒癥）；五是去除熱氣（熱癥）；六是去除垢穢（污垢）；七是身體輕便，眼目精明。這是為眾僧去除七種疾病。如此供養，便能得到七種福報。什麼是七種福報？一是四大沒有疾病，所生之處常常安穩，勇武強健，受眾人敬仰；二是所生之處清凈，面容端正，塵土和水不沾身，受人尊敬；三是身體常常散發香氣，衣服潔凈，見到的人都歡喜，沒有不恭敬的；四是肌膚潤澤，威嚴光明，德行廣大，沒有不敬佩讚歎的，獨一無二；五是擁有眾多隨從，拂拭塵垢，自然承受福報，常常知曉宿命；六是口齒香潔美好，方正潔白整齊，所說的話和教令，沒有不嚴肅聽從的；七是所生之處，自然有衣裳，光彩的裝飾和珍寶，見到的人都感到敬畏。』 佛告訴耆域（Jivaka）：『這樣為眾僧和開士（Bodhisattva）洗浴，能得到這樣的七種福報。從此因緣，或者成為人臣，或者成為帝王，或者成為日、月四天神王（the Four Heavenly Kings），或者成為帝釋（Indra，帝釋天）、轉輪聖王（Chakravartin，統治世界的理想君主），或者生於梵天（Brahmaloka，色界天），所受的福報難以衡量；或者成為菩薩（Bodhisattva），發願持地，功德成就，最終成佛。這樣的因緣，供養眾僧，是無量的福田，旱澇都不能損害。』 於是世尊（The World-Honored One）再次為耆域（Jivaka）而作頌說： 『觀察諸三界（The Three Realms）中，天人享受美好的福報， 道德沒有**，仔細聽我接下來所說的。 人出生在世間
【English Translation】 English version Jivaka (name of a person): 'The method of bathing should use seven things to remove seven diseases and obtain seven blessings. What are the seven things? First, a lit fire; second, clean water; third, bath beans (cleansing products); fourth, sugared cream (cream made from ghee); fifth, pure ash; sixth, willow branches (twigs used to clean teeth); seventh, underwear. These are the methods of bathing. What are the seven diseases to be removed? First, the four elements (earth, water, fire, and wind) are stable; second, removing wind diseases; third, removing dampness and numbness (rheumatism); fourth, removing coldness (cold symptoms); fifth, removing heat (heat symptoms); sixth, removing dirt and filth; seventh, the body is light and the eyes are clear. This is to remove the seven diseases for the Sangha. Such offerings will bring seven blessings. What are the seven blessings? First, the four elements are free from disease, and one is always stable in life, brave and strong, and respected by all; second, one is born in purity, with a handsome face, free from dust and water, and respected by people; third, the body always emits fragrance, the clothes are clean, and those who see it are happy and respectful; fourth, the skin is moist, the majesty is bright, the virtue is great, and there is no one who does not admire and praise it, unique and unparalleled; fifth, one has many followers, wiping away dust and dirt, naturally receiving blessings, and often knowing past lives; sixth, the mouth and teeth are fragrant and beautiful, square, white, and even, and what is said and taught is solemnly followed; seventh, in the place where one is born, there are natural clothes, bright decorations, and treasures, and those who see it are in awe.' The Buddha told Jivaka: 'Bathing the Sangha and Bodhisattvas in this way will bring these seven blessings. From this cause, one may become a minister, or an emperor, or the Four Heavenly Kings, or Indra (the lord of gods), a Chakravartin (an ideal universal ruler), or be born in Brahmaloka (the realm of Brahma), and the blessings received are immeasurable; or become a Bodhisattva, vowing to uphold the earth, and when merit is achieved, one will eventually become a Buddha. Such a cause, offering to the Sangha, is an immeasurable field of merit, which cannot be harmed by drought or flood.' Then the World-Honored One again spoke a verse for Jivaka: 'Observing the Three Realms, gods and humans enjoy wonderful blessings, Morality has no **, listen carefully to what I will say next. When a person is born into the world
， 端正人所敬， 體性常清凈， 斯由洗眾僧。 若為大臣子， 財富常吉安， 勇健中賢良， 出入無掛礙， 所說人奉用， 身體常香潔， 端正色從容， 斯由洗眾僧。 若生天王家， 生即常潔凈， 洗浴以香湯， 苾芬以熏身， 形體與眾異， 見者莫不欣， 斯造溫室浴， 洗僧之福報。 第一四天王， 典領四方域， 光明身端正， 威德護四鎮， 日月及星宿， 光照除陰冥， 斯由洗眾僧， 福報如影響。 第二忉利天， 帝釋名曰因， 六重之寶城， 七寶為宮殿， 勇猛天中尊， 端正壽延長， 斯由洗眾僧， 其報無等倫。 世間轉輪王， 七寶導在前， 周行四海外， 兵馬八萬四， 明寶照晝夜， 玉女隨時供， 端正身香潔， 斯由洗眾僧。 第六化應天， 欲界中獨尊， 天相光影足， 威靈震六天， 自然食甘露， 妓女常在邊， 眾德難稱譽， 斯由洗眾僧。 梵魔三缽天， 凈居修自然， 行凈無垢穢， 又無女人形， 梵行修潔己， 志淳在泥洹， 得生彼天中， 斯由洗眾
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本： 相貌端正受人尊敬， 身心本性常保清凈， 這是由於洗浴眾僧的功德。 如果能成為大臣之子， 財富常伴，吉祥平安， 勇敢健壯且賢良， 出入沒有阻礙， 所說的話人們都樂於聽從， 身體常常散發香氣，保持潔凈， 相貌端正，神色從容， 這是由於洗浴眾僧的功德。 如果能出生在天王之家， 出生時就非常潔凈， 用香湯來洗浴， 用芬芳的香料來熏身， 形體與眾人不同， 見到的人沒有不歡喜的， 這是建造溫室浴室， 洗浴僧眾的福報。 第一是四天王（Catummaharajika）， 掌管統領四方區域， 身放光明，相貌端正， 以威德守護四方， 日月以及星辰， 光芒照耀，驅除陰暗， 這是由於洗浴眾僧， 福報就像影子跟隨形體一樣。 第二是忉利天（Tavatimsa）， 帝釋（Sakka）的名字叫做因（Indra）， 有六重寶城， 用七寶建造宮殿， 是勇猛的天中之尊， 相貌端正，壽命延長， 這是由於洗浴眾僧， 這樣的果報沒有可以相比的。 世間的轉輪王（Cakkavatti）， 七寶引導在前， 周遊巡行四海之外， 擁有兵馬八萬四千， 明珠寶物照亮晝夜， 玉女隨時侍奉， 相貌端正，身體香潔， 這是由於洗浴眾僧。 第六是化應天（Paranimmita-vasavatti）， 在欲界中最為尊貴， 天人的相貌光明充足， 威靈震懾六慾天， 自然食用甘露， **常常在身邊， 眾多功德難以稱讚， 這是由於洗浴眾僧。 梵天（Brahma）、魔天（Mara）、三缽天（Trāyastriṃśa）， 居住在凈居天修習自然之法， 行為清凈沒有污垢， 而且沒有女人的形體， 以清凈的梵行修養自己， 心志純正，在於涅槃（Nirvana）， 能夠往生到那些天界之中， 這是由於洗浴眾僧的功德。 English version: A dignified person is respected, Their body and mind are always pure in nature, This is due to the merit of bathing the Sangha (community of monks). If one can become the son of a minister, Wealth is always with them, bringing auspiciousness and peace, Brave, strong, and virtuous, They move freely without hindrance, Their words are heeded and followed, Their body is always fragrant and clean, With a dignified appearance and composed demeanor, This is due to the merit of bathing the Sangha. If one is born into the family of a Deva king, They are pure from birth, Bathed with fragrant water, And their body is perfumed with sweet scents, Their form is different from others, All who see them rejoice, This is the reward for building a warm bathhouse, And bathing the Sangha. The first are the Four Great Kings (Catummaharajika), Who govern and lead the four regions, Their bodies radiate light, and their appearance is dignified, With their power and virtue, they protect the four directions, The sun, moon, and stars, Shine their light to dispel darkness, This is due to bathing the Sangha, The reward is like a shadow following the form. The second is the Trayastrimsa Heaven (Tavatimsa), Whose lord Sakka (Indra) is named Indra, With six layers of jeweled cities, And palaces made of seven treasures, The brave and mighty lord of the heavens, With a dignified appearance and long life, This is due to bathing the Sangha, Such a reward is unparalleled. The Chakravarti (Cakkavatti), the wheel-turning king of the world, With the seven treasures leading the way, Travels around the four seas, With an army of eighty-four thousand, A bright pearl illuminates day and night, And jade maidens attend to him at all times, With a dignified appearance and fragrant body, This is due to bathing the Sangha. The sixth is the Paranimmita-vasavatti Heaven, The most honored in the Desire Realm, The appearance of the Devas is full of light, Their power and majesty shake the six heavens, They naturally eat ambrosia, And ** are always by their side, Their many virtues are beyond praise, This is due to bathing the Sangha. The Brahmas (Brahma), Maras (Mara), and Trayastrimsa Devas (Trāyastriṃśa), Reside in the Pure Abodes, cultivating naturalness, Their conduct is pure and without defilement, And they have no female form, They cultivate themselves with pure Brahma conduct, Their will is pure, focused on Nirvana (Nirvana), They are able to be reborn in those heavens, This is due to the merit of bathing the Sangha.
【English Translation】 English version: A dignified person is respected, Their body and mind are always pure in nature, This is due to the merit of bathing the Sangha (community of monks). If one can become the son of a minister, Wealth is always with them, bringing auspiciousness and peace, Brave, strong, and virtuous, They move freely without hindrance, Their words are heeded and followed, Their body is always fragrant and clean, With a dignified appearance and composed demeanor, This is due to the merit of bathing the Sangha. If one is born into the family of a Deva king, They are pure from birth, Bathed with fragrant water, And their body is perfumed with sweet scents, Their form is different from others, All who see them rejoice, This is the reward for building a warm bathhouse, And bathing the Sangha. The first are the Four Great Kings (Catummaharajika), Who govern and lead the four regions, Their bodies radiate light, and their appearance is dignified, With their power and virtue, they protect the four directions, The sun, moon, and stars, Shine their light to dispel darkness, This is due to bathing the Sangha, The reward is like a shadow following the form. The second is the Trayastrimsa Heaven (Tavatimsa), Whose lord Sakka (Indra) is named Indra, With six layers of jeweled cities, And palaces made of seven treasures, The brave and mighty lord of the heavens, With a dignified appearance and long life, This is due to bathing the Sangha, Such a reward is unparalleled. The Chakravarti (Cakkavatti), the wheel-turning king of the world, With the seven treasures leading the way, Travels around the four seas, With an army of eighty-four thousand, A bright pearl illuminates day and night, And jade maidens attend to him at all times, With a dignified appearance and fragrant body, This is due to bathing the Sangha. The sixth is the Paranimmita-vasavatti Heaven, The most honored in the Desire Realm, The appearance of the Devas is full of light, Their power and majesty shake the six heavens, They naturally eat ambrosia, And ** are always by their side, Their many virtues are beyond praise, This is due to bathing the Sangha. The Brahmas (Brahma), Maras (Mara), and Trayastrimsa Devas (Trāyastriṃśa), Reside in the Pure Abodes, cultivating naturalness, Their conduct is pure and without defilement, And they have no female form, They cultivate themselves with pure Brahma conduct, Their will is pure, focused on Nirvana (Nirvana), They are able to be reborn in those heavens, This is due to the merit of bathing the Sangha.
僧。 佛為三界尊， 修道甚苦勤， 積行無數劫， 今乃得道真， 金體玉為瓔， 塵垢不著身， 圓光相具足， 斯由洗眾僧。 諸佛從行得， 種種不勞勤， 所施三界人， 無所不周遍， 眾僧之聖尊， 四道良福田， 道德從中出， 是行最妙真。』
「佛說偈已，重告耆域：『觀彼三界，人天品類，高下長短，福德多少，皆由先世用心不等，是以所受各異，不同如此；受諸福報，皆由洗浴聖眾得之耳！』」
佛說經已，阿難白佛言：「當何名此經？以何勸誨之？」
佛告阿難：「此經名曰『溫室洗浴眾僧經』。諸佛所說，非我獨造；行者得度，非神授與。求清凈福，自當奉行。」
佛說是經竟，耆域、眷屬聞經歡喜，皆得須陀洹道，禮佛求退，嚴辦洗具。眾坐大小，各得道跡，皆共稽首，禮佛而去。
佛說溫室洗浴眾僧經
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本 僧（Sangha，指出家修行的佛教僧團）。 佛陀是三界（Trailokya，即欲界、色界、無色界）中最尊貴的，修道極其艱苦勤奮， 積累功德經歷了無數劫（Kalpa，佛教時間單位，極長的時間），如今才得以證悟真理。 金色的身體如同用美玉裝飾，塵埃污垢不會沾染其身， 圓滿的光芒和殊勝的相好都具足，這都是由於供養洗浴眾僧的緣故。 諸佛都是通過供養眾僧而獲得成就，無需種種勞苦勤奮， 所施予的恩澤遍及三界眾生，沒有哪個地方不周全遍及。 眾僧是聖賢中最尊貴的，是四道（指須陀洹道、斯陀含道、阿那含道、阿羅漢道）的良田福地， 道德從僧團中產生，這種行為是最為微妙真實的。』
『佛陀說完偈頌后，再次告訴耆域（Jivaka，古印度名醫）: 『觀察那三界中的人天眾生，品類有高下長短之分，福德有多寡之別，都是由於前世用心不同，因此所受的果報也各有差異，不盡相同；他們所享受的各種福報，都是由於洗浴供養聖眾而得到的啊！』」
佛陀說完這部經后，阿難（Ananda，佛陀的十大弟子之一，以記憶力超群著稱）請示佛陀說：「這部經應當叫什麼名字？用什麼來勸導教誨大眾呢？」
佛陀告訴阿難：「這部經名叫《溫室洗浴眾僧經》。諸佛所說的教法，不是我獨自創造的；修行者能夠得到解脫，不是神所授予的。想要獲得清凈的福報，就應當親自奉行。」
佛陀說完這部經后，耆域和他的眷屬聽聞佛經后都非常歡喜，都證得了須陀洹道（Sotapanna，佛教四果位中的初果），向佛陀頂禮告退，準備妥當洗浴的器具。在座的大眾，無論地位高低，都各自獲得了修道的證悟，都一起稽首頂禮佛陀后離去。
《佛說溫室洗浴眾僧經》
【English Translation】 English version Sangha (Sangha, referring to the monastic community of Buddhist practitioners). The Buddha is the most venerable in the Three Realms (Trailokya, namely the Desire Realm, the Form Realm, and the Formless Realm), cultivating the path with utmost diligence, Accumulating merits through countless kalpas (Kalpa, a Buddhist unit of time, an extremely long period), only now attaining the truth. The golden body is adorned as if with jade, dust and defilement do not cling to it, Perfect radiance and auspicious marks are complete, all due to washing and offering to the Sangha. All Buddhas attain enlightenment through offering to the Sangha, without various toils and diligence, The bestowed grace extends to all beings in the Three Realms, without any place not reached. The Sangha is the most venerable among the sages, the blessed field for the Four Paths (referring to the path of Srotapanna, Sakadagami, Anagami, and Arhat), Morality and virtue arise from the Sangha, this practice is the most subtle and true.』
『After the Buddha spoke the verse, he told Jivaka (Jivaka, a famous physician in ancient India) again: 『Observe the beings in the Three Realms, humans and devas, with their high and low, long and short, and the amount of their blessings, all due to the differences in their intentions in previous lives, therefore the rewards they receive are different; all the blessings they enjoy are obtained through washing and offering to the holy Sangha!』」
After the Buddha finished speaking this sutra, Ananda (Ananda, one of the Buddha's ten great disciples, known for his exceptional memory) asked the Buddha, 'What should this sutra be called? What should be used to exhort and teach the masses?'
The Buddha told Ananda, 'This sutra is called the 'Sutra of the Bathhouse Washing the Sangha'. The teachings spoken by all Buddhas are not created by me alone; the liberation that practitioners attain is not granted by gods. If you want to obtain pure blessings, you should personally practice it.'
After the Buddha finished speaking this sutra, Jivaka and his family were very happy after hearing the sutra, and they all attained the path of Srotapanna (Sotapanna, the first fruit of the four stages of enlightenment in Buddhism), bowed to the Buddha and took their leave, preparing the bathing equipment properly. The assembly, regardless of their status, each attained the realization of the path, and together bowed to the Buddha and departed.
The Sutra of the Bathhouse Washing the Sangha Spoken by the Buddha