T17n0740_佛說頞多和多耆經
大正藏第 17 冊 No. 0740 佛說頞多和多耆經
No. 740
佛說頞多和多耆經
失譯人今附西晉錄
聞如是：
一時佛在為耶國時有多樹木處，與眾比丘僧俱，比丘有五百人。月十五日盛滿時，夜半寂然安靜，比丘僧自相難問。時栴檀調弗天人，持天形狀威神光耀來，直前趣佛。至佛前已，悉脫身上珍寶著一面，但披一領衣，前以頭面著佛足，禮畢問佛言：「諸可過去佛正覺弟子有經，經名頞多和多耆，佛弟子今亦復說是頞多和多耆經，愿佛為我說是經，當使弟子奉持。」佛默然不應。栴檀調弗，稽首而卻坐。
佛即為比丘僧說經言：「我為若說頞多和多耆經，皆聽著心中，念之勿得忘。」
比丘言：「愿佛說，我皆當受經戒。」
佛言：「佈施有八事。何謂為八？愚癡人佈施，但佈施不知其恩善所在。既佈施不達世間無有常，癡人持作常。世間苦無極，愚人持作樂。世間所有，愚人言，是我所有可常得。世間人皆顛倒，不凈臭處惡露，愚人用作好，不知作善得善，作惡得惡，愚人施與人，不知其人德深淺，持善心施與得道者，福不可量。」
佛告諸比丘：「何以知？愚人不知佈施有十因緣。何等為十？愚人佈施不知為尊自用所與
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本 《佛說頞多和多耆經》
失譯者姓名已不可考，現依附於西晉時期的記錄。
我聽聞是這樣的：
一時，佛陀在為耶國（Vaisali）的多樹林處，與五百位比丘僧眾在一起。在月圓之夜的十五日，夜半時分，萬籟俱寂，比丘僧眾們互相請教疑問。這時，栴檀調弗天人（Candana Devaputra），以天人的威嚴和光芒顯現，逕直來到佛陀面前。到達佛陀面前后，他脫下身上的珍寶放在一旁，只披著一件袈裟，以頭面觸碰佛陀的雙足，行禮完畢後向佛陀問道：『過去諸佛正覺的弟子們有流傳一部經典，名為《頞多和多耆經》（Atavatagiya Sutra），佛陀的弟子們現在也同樣在說這部《頞多和多耆經》。希望佛陀能為我宣說這部經典，我當奉持。』佛陀默然不語。栴檀調弗天人，叩首後退坐在一旁。
佛陀隨即為比丘僧眾宣說此經，說道：『我為你們宣說《頞多和多耆經》，你們都要用心聽著，牢記在心，不要忘記。』
比丘們說道：『希望佛陀宣說，我們都將接受經中的教誡。』
佛陀說道：『佈施有八種情況。哪八種呢？愚癡的人佈施，只是佈施，卻不知道佈施的恩德和善報在哪裡。已經佈施了，卻不明白世間萬物都是無常的，愚癡的人認為佈施是永恒不變的。世間的痛苦沒有盡頭，愚癡的人卻認為世間是快樂的。世間的所有事物，愚癡的人說，是『我』所擁有的，可以永遠得到。世間的人都顛倒錯亂，把不乾淨、惡臭的污穢之物，愚癡的人卻認為美好，不知道行善會得到善報，作惡會得到惡報。愚癡的人施捨給他人，不知道那個人德行深淺，以善良的心施捨給得道的人，福報是不可估量的。』
佛陀告訴諸位比丘：『憑什麼知道呢？愚癡的人不知道佈施有十種因緣。哪十種呢？愚癡的人佈施，不知道要尊敬長輩，只顧自己使用和給予。』
【English Translation】 English version The Sutra Spoken by the Buddha on Atavatagiya
Translator lost to history, now appended to the records of the Western Jin Dynasty.
Thus have I heard:
At one time, the Buddha was in a place with many trees in the country of Vaisali (為耶國), together with a sangha of five hundred bhikkhus. On the fifteenth day of the full moon, in the stillness of midnight, the bhikkhus were questioning each other. At that time, Candana Devaputra (栴檀調弗天人), manifesting the majestic and radiant form of a deva, went directly to the Buddha. Upon arriving before the Buddha, he removed all the jewels from his body and placed them to one side, wearing only a single robe. He prostrated himself at the Buddha's feet, and after paying homage, asked the Buddha: 'The disciples of the Buddhas of the past, who attained perfect enlightenment, have a sutra called the Atavatagiya Sutra (頞多和多耆經). The Buddha's disciples now also speak of this Atavatagiya Sutra. I hope the Buddha will expound this sutra for me, so that I may uphold it.' The Buddha remained silent. Candana Devaputra bowed his head and retreated to sit to one side.
The Buddha then spoke this sutra to the sangha of bhikkhus, saying: 'I will expound the Atavatagiya Sutra for you. Listen carefully, keep it in your hearts, and do not forget it.'
The bhikkhus said: 'We hope the Buddha will expound it, and we will all receive the precepts of the sutra.'
The Buddha said: 'There are eight aspects of giving. What are the eight? A foolish person gives, but only gives, not knowing where the merit and goodness of giving lie. Having given, they do not understand that all things in the world are impermanent; a foolish person considers giving to be permanent. The suffering of the world is endless, but a foolish person considers the world to be joyful. All things in the world, a foolish person says, are 'mine' and can be obtained forever. The people of the world are all deluded, considering unclean, foul-smelling filth to be beautiful; a foolish person does not know that doing good brings good results, and doing evil brings evil results. A foolish person gives to others, not knowing the depth of their virtue; giving with a good heart to those who have attained the Way brings immeasurable blessings.'
The Buddha told the bhikkhus: 'How do you know? A foolish person does not know that there are ten causes and conditions for giving. What are the ten? A foolish person gives, not knowing to respect elders, only caring about their own use and giving.'
者得善；愚人不至心施與人也；愚人既施與人與時不敬重，不自手與，傳教人與施，人不欲望其福，不即得其福者，自用忘其福；愚人施與佛辟支佛阿羅漢，不能自知其福大；愚人施與，不信佛、辟支佛、阿羅漢、阿那含、斯陀含、須陀洹，皆用為棄損，無有後生；愚人施與，欲但得名字，欲使人稱譽。是為愚人佈施。」
佛說經已，栴檀調弗，及諸比丘，皆歡喜，前為佛作禮。
佛說頞多和多耆經
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本：這樣的人才能得到善報；愚笨的人不真心誠意地施捨給別人；愚笨的人即使施捨給別人，給予的時候也不恭敬重視，不親自用手給予，而是轉手教別人給予，這樣的人不期望得到福報，也就不能立即得到福報，自己用掉了反而忘記了福報；愚笨的人施捨給佛（Buddha，覺悟者）、辟支佛（Pratyekabuddha，緣覺或獨覺）、阿羅漢（Arhat，斷盡煩惱的聖者），卻不能自己知道這樣做福報很大；愚笨的人施捨，卻不相信佛、辟支佛、阿羅漢、阿那含（Anagamin，不還果）、斯陀含（Sakrdagamin，一來果）、須陀洹（Srotapanna，入流果），都認為這些是無用的損失，沒有來世的福報；愚笨的人施捨，只是爲了得到名聲，想要別人稱讚。這就是愚笨的人的佈施。』
佛說完這部經后，栴檀調弗（Candana Tāvatiṁsa，人名），以及各位比丘（Bhikkhu，出家修行的僧人），都非常歡喜，上前向佛行禮。
佛說頞多和多耆經（Aṭṭhakavagga，八品經）
【English Translation】 English version: 'Such a person obtains goodness; a foolish person does not sincerely give to others; even if a foolish person gives to others, they do not respect the giving, nor do they give with their own hands, but instruct others to give, such a person does not expect blessings, and thus does not immediately receive blessings, using them up and forgetting the blessings; a foolish person gives to the Buddha (Buddha, the awakened one), Pratyekabuddha (Pratyekabuddha, a solitary awakened one), and Arhat (Arhat, a perfected being who has extinguished all defilements), but does not know that doing so brings great blessings; a foolish person gives, but does not believe in the Buddha, Pratyekabuddha, Arhat, Anagamin (Anagamin, a non-returner), Sakrdagamin (Sakrdagamin, a once-returner), or Srotapanna (Srotapanna, a stream-enterer), considering all of these as useless losses, without future blessings; a foolish person gives only to gain fame, wanting others to praise them. This is the giving of a foolish person.'
After the Buddha finished speaking this sutra, Candana Tāvatiṁsa (Candana Tāvatiṁsa, a personal name), and all the Bhikkhus (Bhikkhu, monks), were delighted and bowed to the Buddha.
The Buddha spoke the Aṭṭhakavagga (Aṭṭhakavagga, the Book of Eights).