T17n0748_佛說護凈經

大正藏第 17 冊 No. 0748 佛說護凈經

No. 748

佛說護凈經

失譯人今附東晉錄

往昔，佛共阿難行，遇值一池，東西四十里，南北四十里，深四十里。池中有蟲，其形似科蚪，形黑如墨。

佛語阿難：「識此池中蟲不？」

答言：「不識。」

佛語阿難：「此池中蟲者，十方世界大眾僧，食不凈食，墮此臭穢糞屎池中，常食不凈，五百萬世中受此苦惱竟；后五百世中復墮餓狗中，常食不凈；復墮豬中，五百世常食不凈；復墮蜣螂中常食不凈。亦五百世得出為人，常生貧窮家，衣不覆形，食不充口，常食糠飯，恒饑不足。」

佛語諸比丘：「有如是者，受罪尤苦，無量無邊。誡語後世末法中諸比丘不可不慎，一切眾僧有住止處，作不凈食，不足往食。欲凈食者，一切白。衣食如法，著衣持缽，稱四威儀，如法往造乞，是真比丘，除其邪命，如法活命。

「佛不妄言，福報如影響。往昔比丘，新得阿羅漢有結業身，有便利患，夜闇上廁。見一比丘在廁邊呻吟，阿羅漢語是比丘：『汝本好用意人，云何墮餓鬼中呻吟如是？』餓鬼比丘答言：『我餓渴來久，五百餘年不見漿水，正欲趣廁用食不凈，護廁鬼神鐵杖打我，不得近廁。憶念

【現代漢語翻譯】現代漢語譯本《佛說護凈經》

失譯人今附東晉錄

往昔，佛與阿難一同行走，遇到一個池塘，東西長四十里，南北寬四十里，深四十里。池塘里有蟲子，形狀像蝌蚪，顏色黑如墨。

佛問阿難：『你認識這池塘里的蟲子嗎？』

阿難回答說：『不認識。』

佛告訴阿難：『這些池塘里的蟲子，是十方世界的大眾僧侶，因為吃了不乾淨的食物，墮落到這充滿臭氣和糞便的池塘中， постоянно 食用不凈之物，要經歷五百萬世的苦惱；之後還要在五百世中轉生為餓狗， постоянно 食用不凈之物；再轉生為豬，五百世 постоянно 食用不凈之物；又轉生為蜣螂， постоянно 食用不凈之物。即使經過五百世后能夠轉世為人，也常常出生在貧窮的家庭，衣不蔽體，食不果腹，只能 постоянно 吃糠咽菜， постоянно 飢餓。』

佛告訴眾比丘：『像這樣的人，所受的罪業極其深重，無量無邊。告誡後世末法時代的各位比丘，不可不謹慎。一切僧眾居住的地方，如果做了不乾淨的食物，就不要去吃。想要吃清凈的食物，一切都要光明正大。穿衣吃飯都要如法，穿好袈裟，拿著缽，遵守四種威儀，如法地去乞食，這才是真正的比丘，去除那些以邪命為生的人，如法地生活。』

『佛不打妄語，福報就像影子一樣跟隨。從前有位比丘，新證得阿羅漢果位，但還有宿業之身，有大小便的需求，夜晚黑暗中去廁所。看見一位比丘在廁所旁邊，阿羅漢對比丘說：『你本來是個很有修行的人，為什麼會墮落到餓鬼道中變成這樣？』餓鬼比丘回答說：『我飢渴已久，五百多年沒有見過漿水，正想去廁所吃些不乾淨的東西，護廁鬼神用鐵杖打我，不讓我靠近廁所。』

【English Translation】 English version The Buddha Speaks of the Sutra of Protecting Purity

Lost in translation; now appended to the Eastern Jin record.

In the past, the Buddha was walking with Ananda when they encountered a pond, forty li (Chinese mile) in length east to west, forty li in width north to south, and forty li in depth. In the pond were insects, shaped like tadpoles, as black as ink.

The Buddha said to Ananda, 'Do you recognize the insects in this pond?'

Ananda replied, 'I do not recognize them.'

The Buddha told Ananda, 'These insects in the pond are the sangha (community of monks) from the ten directions of the world, who, because they ate impure food, have fallen into this stinking and excrement-filled pond. They constantly eat impure things and will endure this suffering for five million kalpas (eons); after that, for five hundred kalpas, they will be reborn as hungry dogs, constantly eating impure things; then reborn as pigs, constantly eating impure things for five hundred kalpas; and then reborn as dung beetles, constantly eating impure things. Even after five hundred kalpas when they are able to be reborn as humans, they will constantly be born into poor families, with clothes that do not cover their bodies and food that is not enough to fill their mouths, constantly eating bran and always hungry.'

The Buddha told the bhikkhus (monks), 'Those who are like this suffer extremely severe sins, immeasurable and boundless. I admonish the bhikkhus in the future Dharma-ending Age to be cautious. In all places where the sangha resides, if impure food is made, do not eat it. If you wish to eat pure food, everything must be done openly and properly. Wear your robes and carry your bowl, observe the four dignities, and go to beg for food in accordance with the Dharma. This is a true bhikkhu, removing those who live by wrong livelihood, and living righteously.'

'The Buddha does not speak falsely; blessings follow like a shadow. In the past, there was a bhikkhu who had newly attained Arhatship (one who has attained Nirvana) but still had a karmic body. He had a need to relieve himself and went to the toilet in the dark of night. He saw a bhikkhu beside the toilet . The Arhat said to this bhikkhu, 'You were originally a person with good intentions; how did you fall into the realm of hungry ghosts ** like this?' The hungry ghost bhikkhu replied, 'I have been hungry and thirsty for a long time, and have not seen any liquid for over five hundred years. I was just about to go to the toilet to eat some impure things, but the toilet guardian spirit struck me with an iron rod, preventing me from approaching the toilet.'

本曾作比丘，知僧事時，是用觸眾僧凈食，以不凈食食眾僧，故致此殃。』遇值阿羅漢善知識，阿羅漢為比丘僧中燒香咒愿，即免餓鬼，還復人道。」

佛語諸比丘：「不可不慎，一切不得觸眾僧凈食。佛不虛言，福報如影響。十八地獄經中出罪福，此餓鬼本從人道中來，以不清凈手，觸眾僧凈器；以不凈手，觸沙門凈食。以不凈食，著沙門凈食中。以不凈食，食眾僧故，后五百世中，墮餓鬼中，常食不凈。欲趣廁上食糞，於時廁神手捉鐵杖打之，令不得近。此鬼食人膿血、涕唾及盪滌惡汁，常伺捕婦女產血不凈，以為飲食。復經五百世，墮豬狗蜣螂之中，常食臭糞不凈。受斯苦劇，累世如此，于百千劫，無有出期，難得解脫，痛不可言。

「以不凈手觸男根，或觸女根，觸沙門凈器，觸沙門凈食。以不凈食，著沙門凈食中；以不凈食，食眾僧故，致此殃。一切人肉眼不知罪福。自今以後，欲得福祐，佐眾僧作食，以清凈手，捉眾僧凈器，凈手淘米，及以凈米，著眾僧凈食中者，得福無量。自今以後，以此為常，一切眾人普使聞知：一切檀越，施設法會，供齋排程，持齋者得食，不持齋者不得食。此飯一日持齋，得六十萬世餘糧。不持齋者，六十萬世墮餓鬼中。何以故？此信施難銷故。寧吞熱鐵丸，不食

【現代漢語翻譯】現代漢語譯本：『我過去曾做比丘（bhikkhu，佛教出家男眾），掌管僧團事務時，曾用不潔之物觸碰眾僧的潔凈食物，或者用不潔的食物供養眾僧，因此招致這樣的災禍。』後來遇到一位阿羅漢（arhat，斷盡煩惱，證得解脫的聖者）善知識，阿羅漢在比丘僧團中焚香祝願，他才得以脫離餓鬼道，重返人道。

佛告訴眾比丘：『不可不謹慎啊！一切都不得觸碰眾僧的潔凈食物。佛所說真實不虛，福報和業報就像影子一樣緊隨其後。《十八地獄經》中記載了罪業和福報，這個餓鬼原本是從人道中來的，因為他用不清凈的手觸碰眾僧的潔凈器皿，用不潔凈的手觸碰沙門（śrāmaṇa，出家修道者）的潔凈食物，將不潔凈的食物放入沙門的潔凈食物中，用不潔凈的食物供養眾僧，所以在後來的五百世中，墮入餓鬼道中，常常食用不潔之物。當他想要去廁所吃糞便時，廁神會用鐵杖擊打他，使他無法靠近。這個餓鬼食用人的膿血、鼻涕唾液以及洗滌污物的污水，常常伺機捕捉婦女生產後的不潔之血，作為食物。再經過五百世，他會墮入豬、狗、蜣螂之中，常常食用臭糞等不潔之物。承受這樣劇烈的痛苦，累世都是如此，在百千劫中，沒有脫離之期，難以得到解脫，痛苦難以言說。

『因為用不潔凈的手觸控男根或女根，觸控沙門的潔凈器皿，觸控沙門的潔凈食物，將不潔凈的食物放入沙門的潔凈食物中，用不潔凈的食物供養眾僧，所以招致這樣的災禍。一切人肉眼凡胎，無法得知罪業和福報。從今以後，想要獲得福佑，就幫助眾僧準備食物，用清凈的手拿取眾僧的潔凈器皿，用乾淨的手淘米，以及將乾淨的米放入眾僧的潔凈食物中，這樣就能獲得無量的福報。從今以後，以此為常，讓所有人都普遍知曉：一切檀越（dānapati，施主），舉辦齋會，供養齋飯時，負責排程的人應該規定，持齋的人才能得到食物，不持齋的人不能得到食物。因為這頓飯如果一日持齋，就能得到六十萬世的餘糧。不持齋的人，六十萬世會墮入餓鬼道中。為什麼呢？因為信徒的佈施難以消化。寧願吞下燒紅的鐵丸，也不要食用'

【English Translation】 English version: 'I used to be a bhikkhu (Buddhist monk), and when I was in charge of the sangha's (monastic community) affairs, I used unclean things to touch the sangha's pure food, or I fed the sangha with impure food, which led to this disaster.' Later, he met an arhat (one who has extinguished all defilements and attained liberation) who was a good teacher, and the arhat burned incense and made vows in the bhikkhu sangha, so he was able to escape from the preta (hungry ghost) realm and return to the human realm.

The Buddha told the bhikkhus: 'You must be careful! You must not touch the sangha's pure food. The Buddha's words are true and not false, and blessings and retribution follow like shadows. The Sutra of the Eighteen Hells records sins and blessings. This preta originally came from the human realm because he used unclean hands to touch the sangha's pure utensils, used unclean hands to touch the śrāmaṇa's (ascetic) pure food, put unclean food into the śrāmaṇa's pure food, and fed the sangha with unclean food. Therefore, in the next five hundred lifetimes, he fell into the preta realm and often ate unclean things. When he wanted to go to the toilet to eat feces, the toilet god would strike him with an iron rod, preventing him from approaching. This preta eats human pus and blood, mucus and saliva, and sewage from washing dirty things. He often seeks to capture the unclean blood of women after childbirth as food. After another five hundred lifetimes, he will fall into pigs, dogs, and dung beetles, and often eat smelly feces and other unclean things. He endures such severe suffering, and it is like this for many lifetimes. For hundreds of thousands of kalpas (eons), there is no time to escape, it is difficult to be liberated, and the pain is unspeakable.

'Because of touching a man's or woman's genitals with unclean hands, touching the śrāmaṇa's pure utensils, touching the śrāmaṇa's pure food, putting unclean food into the śrāmaṇa's pure food, and feeding the sangha with unclean food, this disaster is caused. All people with mortal eyes cannot know the sins and blessings. From now on, if you want to obtain blessings, help the sangha prepare food, use clean hands to take the sangha's pure utensils, use clean hands to wash rice, and put clean rice into the sangha's pure food, then you will obtain immeasurable blessings. From now on, let this be the norm, and let everyone know it: all dānapati (donors), when holding a dharma assembly and offering alms, those in charge of scheduling should stipulate that only those who observe the precepts can receive food, and those who do not observe the precepts cannot receive food. Because if you observe the precepts for one day with this meal, you will receive six hundred thousand lifetimes of surplus food. Those who do not observe the precepts will fall into the preta realm for six hundred thousand lifetimes. Why? Because the alms of believers are difficult to digest. It is better to swallow hot iron balls than to eat'

此飯。吞熱鐵丸，須臾間耳，食此信施，久受大苦，五百萬世中受餓鬼苦。

「諸有設食之處，一切如法作齋，不得懷挾余殘食，歸給妻子。若食此飯，若腋底挾擔，后五百世，常挾熱鐵輪，左腋底入從右腋底出。一切齋飯，不可不慎，一米化作熱丸。

「一切賢者施設福會，于先嚐啜此食，都作殘食，唐作此會，不如不作。何以故？諸天不歡，鬼神不喜。此人于先嚐者，亦五百世中受餓鬼苦。自今已后，欲得福者，如法作齋食，可得福德，諸天歡喜，百神慶悅，天神擁護。經不虛言，福報如影響。」

佛說護凈經

【現代漢語翻譯】現代漢語譯本：『這飯啊，（吃了）就像吞下燒紅的鐵丸，只是片刻的事，但吃了這些信徒佈施的食物，要長久地遭受巨大的痛苦，五百萬世中都要承受餓鬼的苦難。

『所有設定齋飯的地方，都要如法地進行齋戒，不得懷藏剩餘的食物，帶回家給妻子兒女。如果吃了這些飯，或者夾在腋下攜帶，后五百世中，要常常被熱鐵輪夾住，從左腋下進入，從右腋下出來。一切齋飯，不可不謹慎，一粒米都會化作燒紅的鐵丸。

『一切賢者設定福會，如果先嚐一口這些食物，都變成了殘食，白白地舉辦這些法會，不如不舉辦。為什麼呢？因為諸天不歡喜，鬼神也不高興。這先嚐食物的人，也要在五百世中遭受餓鬼的痛苦。從今以後，想要獲得福報的人，如法地製作齋飯，就可以獲得福德，諸天歡喜，百神慶賀喜悅，天神擁護。經典所說不是虛假的，福報就像影子跟隨形體一樣。』

《佛說護凈經》

【English Translation】 English version: 『This food, (if eaten) is like swallowing a red-hot iron ball, only for a moment, but eating this food offered by believers will cause one to suffer great pain for a long time, enduring the suffering of a hungry ghost for five million lifetimes.

『In all places where food is offered, the offering should be done according to the Dharma, and no leftover food should be kept and brought home to one's wife and children. If one eats this food, or carries it under one's arm, in the next five hundred lifetimes, one will constantly be clamped by a hot iron wheel, entering from the left armpit and exiting from the right armpit. All vegetarian meals must be treated with caution, as a single grain of rice can transform into a red-hot iron ball.

『If all virtuous people set up gatherings for blessings, and first taste this food, it all becomes leftover food. Holding these gatherings in vain is worse than not holding them at all. Why? Because the devas (gods) are not pleased, and the ghosts and spirits are not happy. The person who tastes the food first will also suffer the pain of a hungry ghost for five hundred lifetimes. From now on, those who wish to obtain blessings should prepare vegetarian meals according to the Dharma, and they will obtain merit and virtue, the devas will rejoice, the hundreds of spirits will celebrate with joy, and the heavenly gods will protect them. The scriptures do not speak falsely, and the reward of blessings is like a shadow following a form.』

The Buddha Speaks of the Sutra of Protecting Purity