T17n0755_佛說凈意優婆塞所問經

大正藏第 17 冊 No. 0755 佛說凈意優婆塞所問經

No. 755

佛說凈意優婆塞所問經

西天譯經三藏朝奉大夫試光祿卿傳法大師賜紫臣施護奉　詔譯

如是我聞：

一時，佛在舍衛國祇樹給孤獨園，與大眾俱。是時，城中有一族姓兜泥耶子，名曰凈意，來詣佛所。到佛所已，見佛相好，心生歡喜種種稱讚，合掌恭敬禮佛足已，退住一面。

時，凈意兜泥耶子，前白佛言：「世尊！我有少法，欲伸請問，愿佛世尊聽許我說。」

佛言：「凈意！隨有所疑，今恣汝問，佛當一一為汝開決。」

爾時，凈意兜泥耶子白佛言：「世尊！我見世間一切人眾，種種行相而各差別，或見有人得長壽者，有短壽者；有多病者，有少病者；有端正者，有醜陋者；有如意者，有不如意者；有生下族者，有生上族者；有富貴者，有貧窮者；有愚癡者，有智慧者，如是等類，種種差別。以何因緣，報應如是？愿佛世尊為我宣說。」

佛言：「凈意！汝今當知世間眾生，所作因行有差別故，其所得果而各有異。」時，凈意兜泥耶子復白佛言：「世尊！如佛所言因果差別，愿佛世尊略為開示、若廣說者。我於是義，不能解了。」佛言：「凈意！汝當諦聽如善作

【現代漢語翻譯】現代漢語譯本《佛說凈意優婆塞所問經》

西天譯經三藏朝奉大夫試光祿卿傳法大師賜紫臣施護奉詔譯

如是我聞：

一時，佛在舍衛國祇樹給孤獨園（Jetavana Anathapindika-arama），與大眾在一起。當時，城中有一位族姓為兜泥耶（Dhananjaya）的男子，名叫凈意（Suddhamati），來到佛陀所在的地方。到達后，他看到佛陀的莊嚴相好，心中生起歡喜，以各種方式稱讚佛陀，合掌恭敬地禮拜佛足，然後退到一旁站立。

當時，凈意兜泥耶子（Suddhamati Dhananjaya）上前對佛陀說：「世尊！我有一些問題想要請教，希望佛陀世尊允許我提問。」

佛陀說：「凈意（Suddhamati）！你有什麼疑惑，現在可以隨意發問，佛陀會一一為你解答。」

當時，凈意兜泥耶子（Suddhamati Dhananjaya）對佛陀說：「世尊！我看到世間一切眾生，有各種不同的行為和表現，各有差別。有的人長壽，有的人短壽；有的人多病，有的人少病；有的人相貌端正，有的人相貌醜陋；有的人事事如意，有的人事事不如意；有的人出生在下等種族，有的人出生在上等種族；有的人富貴，有的人貧窮；有的人愚癡，有的人有智慧，像這樣等等，有種種差別。這是什麼因緣造成的，導致他們的報應如此不同？希望佛陀世尊為我解說。」

佛陀說：「凈意（Suddhamati）！你現在應當知道，世間眾生所作的因行各有差別，因此他們所得到的果報也各有不同。」當時，凈意兜泥耶子（Suddhamati Dhananjaya）再次對佛陀說：「世尊！正如佛陀所說，因果有差別，希望佛陀世尊能略為開示，或者詳細解說。我對這個道理，還不能理解。」佛陀說：「凈意（Suddhamati）！你應當仔細聽，好好地思考。

【English Translation】 English version The Sutra Spoken by the Buddha on the Questions of the Upasaka Pure Intention

Translated by the Tripitaka Master Shi Hu, Attendant of the Imperial Court, Great Master for Propagating the Dharma, and Purple-Robed Minister, under Imperial Decree, from the Western Regions.

Thus have I heard:

At one time, the Buddha was in the Jetavana Anathapindika-arama (祇樹給孤獨園) in Shravasti (舍衛國), together with a large assembly. At that time, in the city, there was a man of the Dhananjaya (兜泥耶) lineage, named Suddhamati (淨意), who came to where the Buddha was. Having arrived, he saw the Buddha's excellent features and rejoiced in his heart, praising him in various ways. He joined his palms in reverence, bowed at the Buddha's feet, and then withdrew to stand on one side.

Then, Suddhamati Dhananjaya (淨意兜泥耶子) stepped forward and said to the Buddha, 'World Honored One! I have a few questions that I wish to ask. I hope the World Honored Buddha will allow me to speak.'

The Buddha said, 'Suddhamati (淨意)! Whatever doubts you have, you may ask now. The Buddha will explain and resolve them for you one by one.'

At that time, Suddhamati Dhananjaya (淨意兜泥耶子) said to the Buddha, 'World Honored One! I see that all beings in the world have various different behaviors and appearances, each with their own distinctions. Some people are long-lived, while others are short-lived; some are often sick, while others are rarely sick; some are beautiful, while others are ugly; some have things go as they wish, while others do not; some are born into lower classes, while others are born into higher classes; some are rich and noble, while others are poor; some are foolish, while others are wise. Like these and other such differences, what are the causes and conditions that lead to such different retributions? I hope the World Honored Buddha will explain this to me.'

The Buddha said, 'Suddhamati (淨意)! You should know that the actions and deeds performed by beings in the world are different, and therefore the results they obtain are also different.' At that time, Suddhamati Dhananjaya (淨意兜泥耶子) again said to the Buddha, 'World Honored One! As the Buddha has said that the causes and results are different, I hope the World Honored Buddha can briefly explain or elaborate on this. I am unable to understand this principle.' The Buddha said, 'Suddhamati (淨意)! You should listen carefully and contemplate well.'

意，今為汝說。」是時，凈意兜泥耶子受教而聽。

佛言：「凈意！汝今當知，世間一類男子、女人心懷惡毒，或時持刀、或時執杖，伺求方便殺害生命，無悲愍心不生慚愧，或自手殺、或教他殺。由此因緣，身壞命終墮在惡趣，受地獄苦。地獄報盡縱得為人，在在所生壽命短促。凈意當知，由殺命因，獲短壽果。

「複次，凈意！世間一類男子、女人心無惡毒，不持刀杖不殺生命，具悲愍心有大慚愧。由此因緣，身壞命終得生善趣，受天人身。天中報盡來生人間，在在所生壽命長遠。凈意當知，由不殺因，感長壽果。

「複次，凈意！世間一類男子、女人，或時執持杖、木、瓦、石打擲有情，或復自手觸惱於人。由此因緣，身壞命終墮在惡趣，受地獄苦。地獄報盡縱得為人，在在所生多諸疾病。凈意當知，由惱害因，感多病果。

「複次，凈意，世間一類男子、女人，不持杖、木、瓦、石打擲有情，不以自手觸惱於人。由此因緣，身壞命終得生善趣，受天人身。天中報盡來生人間，在在所生少諸疾病。凈意當知，由不惱害因，感少病果。

「複次，凈意！世間一類男子、女人，常起忿恨瞋恚之心，生諸過失。由此因緣，身壞命終墮在惡趣，受地獄苦。地獄報盡縱得為人，在在所生相

【現代漢語翻譯】現代漢語譯本：『凈意（Vimalamati）！我現在為你解說。』當時，凈意兜泥耶子（Vimalamati Dauneya）接受教誨並認真聽講。

佛說：『凈意（Vimalamati）！你現在應當知道，世間有一類男子、女人心懷惡毒，有時拿著刀，有時拿著棍杖，伺機尋找機會殺害生命，沒有悲憫之心，也不感到慚愧，或者親手殺，或者教唆他人殺。因為這樣的因緣，身死命終后墮入惡趣，遭受地獄的痛苦。地獄的報應結束后，即使轉生為人，所生之處壽命也很短促。凈意（Vimalamati），你應該知道，由於殺生的原因，獲得短壽的果報。』

『再者，凈意（Vimalamati）！世間有一類男子、女人，心中沒有惡毒，不拿刀杖，不殺害生命，具有悲憫之心，有很大的慚愧心。因為這樣的因緣，身死命終后能夠轉生到善趣，承受天人的身體。天界的福報結束后，再來到人間，所生之處壽命長遠。凈意（Vimalamati），你應該知道，由於不殺生的原因，感得長壽的果報。』

『再者，凈意（Vimalamati）！世間有一類男子、女人，有時拿著棍杖、木頭、瓦片、石頭打擲有情眾生，或者用自己的手觸碰、惱害他人。因為這樣的因緣，身死命終后墮入惡趣，遭受地獄的痛苦。地獄的報應結束后，即使轉生為人，所生之處多有疾病。凈意（Vimalamati），你應該知道，由於惱害眾生的原因，感得多病的果報。』

『再者，凈意（Vimalamati）！世間有一類男子、女人，不拿棍杖、木頭、瓦片、石頭打擲有情眾生，不用自己的手觸碰、惱害他人。因為這樣的因緣，身死命終后能夠轉生到善趣，承受天人的身體。天界的福報結束后，再來到人間，所生之處很少有疾病。凈意（Vimalamati），你應該知道，由於不惱害眾生的原因，感得少病的果報。』

『再者，凈意（Vimalamati）！世間有一類男子、女人，常常生起忿恨、嗔恚之心，產生各種過失。因為這樣的因緣，身死命終后墮入惡趣，遭受地獄的痛苦。地獄的報應結束后，即使轉生為人，所生之處相貌

【English Translation】 English version: 『Vimalamati (Net-Minded one)! Now I will explain it to you.』 At that time, Vimalamati Dauneya (Net-Minded Dauneya) received the teaching and listened attentively.

The Buddha said: 『Vimalamati (Net-Minded one)! You should know now that there is a type of men and women in the world who harbor malice in their hearts, sometimes holding knives, sometimes holding staffs, seeking opportunities to kill living beings, without compassion and without shame, either killing with their own hands or instructing others to kill. Because of this cause, after their bodies break and their lives end, they fall into evil realms and suffer the pain of hell. When the retribution of hell is exhausted, even if they are reborn as humans, their lifespans are short wherever they are born. Vimalamati (Net-Minded one), you should know that due to the cause of killing, they obtain the fruit of a short life.』

『Furthermore, Vimalamati (Net-Minded one)! There is a type of men and women in the world who have no malice in their hearts, do not hold knives or staffs, and do not kill living beings, possessing compassion and great shame. Because of this cause, after their bodies break and their lives end, they are able to be reborn in good realms, receiving the bodies of gods and humans. When the blessings in the heavens are exhausted, they come to the human world again, and their lifespans are long wherever they are born. Vimalamati (Net-Minded one), you should know that due to the cause of not killing, they experience the fruit of a long life.』

『Furthermore, Vimalamati (Net-Minded one)! There is a type of men and women in the world who sometimes hold staffs, wood, tiles, and stones to strike living beings, or touch and annoy others with their own hands. Because of this cause, after their bodies break and their lives end, they fall into evil realms and suffer the pain of hell. When the retribution of hell is exhausted, even if they are reborn as humans, they have many illnesses wherever they are born. Vimalamati (Net-Minded one), you should know that due to the cause of harming others, they experience the fruit of many illnesses.』

『Furthermore, Vimalamati (Net-Minded one)! There is a type of men and women in the world who do not hold staffs, wood, tiles, and stones to strike living beings, and do not touch and annoy others with their own hands. Because of this cause, after their bodies break and their lives end, they are able to be reborn in good realms, receiving the bodies of gods and humans. When the blessings in the heavens are exhausted, they come to the human world again, and they have few illnesses wherever they are born. Vimalamati (Net-Minded one), you should know that due to the cause of not harming others, they experience the fruit of few illnesses.』

『Furthermore, Vimalamati (Net-Minded one)! There is a type of men and women in the world who constantly give rise to anger and hatred, producing various faults. Because of this cause, after their bodies break and their lives end, they fall into evil realms and suffer the pain of hell. When the retribution of hell is exhausted, even if they are reborn as humans, their appearance

貌醜陋。凈意當知，由忿恚因，感醜陋果。

「複次，凈意！世間一類男子、女人，不起忿恨瞋恚之心，不生過失。由此因緣，身壞命終得生善趣，受天人身。天中報盡來生人間，在在所生相貌端正。凈意當知，由不忿恚因，感端正果。

「複次，凈意！世間一類男子、女人，若見他人所有利養，乃至名聞諸可意事，即以方便而為障礙，不令他得。由此因緣，身壞命終墮在惡趣，受地獄苦。地獄報盡縱得為人，在在所生，凡所施作皆不如意。凈意當知，由障可意事因，感不如意果。

「複次，凈意！世間一類男子、女人，若見他人所有利養，乃至名聞諸可意事，不以方便而為障礙，欲令他得。由此因緣，身壞命終得生善趣，受天人身。天中報盡來生人間，在在所生，凡所施作悉得如意。凈意當知，由不障他可意事因，感如意果。

「複次，凈意！世間一類男子、女人，於他人所應尊重者而不尊重，所應恭敬而不恭敬，所應供養而不供養，常起我慢，自高其心。由此因緣，身壞命終墮在惡趣，受地獄苦。地獄報盡縱得為人，在在所生，常生下族。凈意當知，由起我慢自高為因，感下族果。

「複次，凈意！世間一類男子、女人，於他人所應尊重者即起尊重，所應恭敬即起恭敬，所應供養

【現代漢語翻譯】現代漢語譯本相貌醜陋。凈意（一位菩薩的名字）你應該知道，這是由於忿恨惱怒的原因，感得相貌醜陋的果報。

『再者，凈意！世間有一類男子、女人，不起忿恨瞋恚之心，不產生過失。由於這樣的因緣，身死命終之後能夠往生善道，承受天人的身體。在天界的福報享盡之後，再降生到人間，無論出生在哪裡，相貌都端正美好。凈意你應該知道，這是由於不忿恨惱怒的原因，感得相貌端正的果報。

『再者，凈意！世間有一類男子、女人，如果見到他人擁有的利益供養，乃至名聲聲譽等令人歡喜的事情，就想方設法地去障礙他們，不讓他們得到。由於這樣的因緣，身死命終之後墮落在惡道之中，承受地獄的苦楚。地獄的果報享盡之後，即使能夠轉生為人，無論出生在哪裡，凡是所做的事情都不如意。凈意你應該知道，這是由於障礙他人可意的事情的原因，感得事事不如意的果報。

『再者，凈意！世間有一類男子、女人，如果見到他人擁有的利益供養，乃至名聲聲譽等令人歡喜的事情，不以任何方式去障礙他們，希望他們能夠得到。由於這樣的因緣，身死命終之後能夠往生善道，承受天人的身體。在天界的福報享盡之後，再降生到人間，無論出生在哪裡，凡是所做的事情都能夠如意。凈意你應該知道，這是由於不障礙他人可意的事情的原因，感得事事如意的果報。

『再者，凈意！世間有一類男子、女人，對於他人應該尊重的人不尊重，應該恭敬的人不恭敬，應該供養的人不供養，常常生起我慢之心，抬高自己。由於這樣的因緣，身死命終之後墮落在惡道之中，承受地獄的苦楚。地獄的果報享盡之後，即使能夠轉生為人，無論出生在哪裡，常常出生在低下的種族。凈意你應該知道，這是由於生起我慢之心，抬高自己的原因，感得出生在低下的種族的果報。

『再者，凈意！世間有一類男子、女人，對於他人應該尊重的人就生起尊重之心，應該恭敬的人就生起恭敬之心，應該供養的人就供養

【English Translation】 English version One is ugly in appearance. J凈意 (Jingyi, name of a Bodhisattva), you should know that due to the cause of anger and resentment, one experiences the result of ugliness.

『Furthermore, 凈意! In the world, there are men and women who do not give rise to anger or resentment, and do not create faults. Due to this cause, after their bodies break and their lives end, they are born in good realms, receiving the bodies of gods and humans. When their heavenly rewards are exhausted and they are reborn in the human realm, wherever they are born, their appearances are always upright and beautiful. 凈意, you should know that due to the cause of not being angry or resentful, one experiences the result of being upright and beautiful.

『Furthermore, 凈意! In the world, there are men and women who, when they see others possessing benefits and offerings, even fame and reputation, and other pleasing things, immediately use means to obstruct them, not allowing them to obtain them. Due to this cause, after their bodies break and their lives end, they fall into evil realms, suffering the pain of hell. When the retribution of hell is exhausted, even if they are reborn as humans, wherever they are born, whatever they do is not as they wish. 凈意, you should know that due to the cause of obstructing pleasing things, one experiences the result of things not being as one wishes.

『Furthermore, 凈意! In the world, there are men and women who, when they see others possessing benefits and offerings, even fame and reputation, and other pleasing things, do not use any means to obstruct them, wishing them to obtain them. Due to this cause, after their bodies break and their lives end, they are born in good realms, receiving the bodies of gods and humans. When their heavenly rewards are exhausted and they are reborn in the human realm, wherever they are born, whatever they do is always as they wish. 凈意, you should know that due to the cause of not obstructing others' pleasing things, one experiences the result of things being as one wishes.

『Furthermore, 凈意! In the world, there are men and women who do not respect those who should be respected, do not revere those who should be revered, and do not make offerings to those who should be offered to. They constantly give rise to arrogance and elevate themselves. Due to this cause, after their bodies break and their lives end, they fall into evil realms, suffering the pain of hell. When the retribution of hell is exhausted, even if they are reborn as humans, wherever they are born, they are always born into lower classes. 凈意, you should know that due to the cause of giving rise to arrogance and elevating oneself, one experiences the result of being born into a lower class.

『Furthermore, 凈意! In the world, there are men and women who respect those who should be respected, revere those who should be revered, and make offerings

即當供養，不起我慢自高之心。由此因緣，身壞命終得生善趣，受天人身。天中報盡來生人間，在在所生，常生上族。凈意當知，由不起我慢自高為因，感上族果。

「複次，凈意！世間一類男子、女人，其心慳吝，不以飲食、衣服、臥具、醫藥、住舍、床座，乃至不以涂香、末香，施諸沙門、婆羅門等。由此因緣，身壞命終墮在惡趣，受地獄苦。地獄報盡縱得為人，在在所生貧窮闕乏。凈意當知，由慳吝因，感貧窮果。

「複次，凈意！世間一類男子、女人，心不慳吝，常以飲食、衣服、臥具、醫藥、住舍、床座，乃至涂香、末香，施諸沙門、婆羅門等。由此因緣，身壞命終得生善趣，受天人身。天中報盡來生人間，在在所生富貴自在。凈意當知，由不慳吝因，感富貴果。

「複次，凈意！世間一類男子、女人，心不愛樂正法經典，又復不于沙門、婆羅門所請問諸義：何者是善？何者不善？何者應發起？何者不應發起？何者應行？何者不應行？不能如是請問開決。由此因緣，身壞命終墮在惡趣，受地獄苦。地獄報盡縱得為人，在在所生愚癡無智。凈意當知，由不樂法、不問法因，感愚癡果。

「複次，凈意！世間一類男子、女人，心常愛樂正法經典，又復能于沙門、婆羅門所請問諸義：何

【現代漢語翻譯】現代漢語譯本：應當進行供養，並且不生起我慢自高的心態。因為這樣的因緣，此人身壞命終后能夠往生善趣，承受天人的果報。在天界的果報結束后，轉生到人間，無論出生在哪裡，都常常出生于高貴的家族。凈意（Vimalamati）啊，你應該知道，由於不生起我慢自高的心態作為原因，感得上族這樣的果報。再者，凈意（Vimalamati）！世間有一類男子、女人，他們的內心慳吝，不把飲食、衣服、臥具、醫藥、住所、床座，甚至不把涂香、末香，佈施給沙門（Śrāmaṇa）、婆羅門（Brāhmaṇa）等人。因為這樣的因緣，此人身壞命終后墮落在惡趣，承受地獄的痛苦。在地獄的果報結束后，即使能夠轉生為人，無論出生在哪裡，都貧窮困乏。凈意（Vimalamati）啊，你應該知道，由於慳吝的原因，感得貧窮的果報。再者，凈意（Vimalamati）！世間有一類男子、女人，他們的內心不慳吝，常常把飲食、衣服、臥具、醫藥、住所、床座，甚至涂香、末香，佈施給沙門（Śrāmaṇa）、婆羅門（Brāhmaṇa）等人。因為這樣的因緣，此人身壞命終后能夠往生善趣，承受天人的果報。在天界的果報結束后，轉生到人間，無論出生在哪裡，都富貴自在。凈意（Vimalamati）啊，你應該知道，由於不慳吝的原因，感得富貴的果報。再者，凈意（Vimalamati）！世間有一類男子、女人，他們的內心不喜愛正法經典，而且不向沙門（Śrāmaṇa）、婆羅門（Brāhmaṇa）請問各種道理：什麼是善？什麼是不善？什麼應該發起？什麼不應該發起？什麼應該做？什麼不應該做？不能夠像這樣請問並尋求解答。因為這樣的因緣，此人身壞命終后墮落在惡趣，承受地獄的痛苦。在地獄的果報結束后，即使能夠轉生為人，無論出生在哪裡，都愚癡沒有智慧。凈意（Vimalamati）啊，你應該知道，由於不喜愛佛法、不請問佛法的原因，感得愚癡的果報。再者，凈意（Vimalamati）！世間有一類男子、女人，他們的內心常常喜愛正法經典，而且能夠向沙門（Śrāmaṇa）、婆羅門（Brāhmaṇa）請問各種道理：什麼

【English Translation】 English version: One should make offerings without arrogance or pride. Due to this cause, after the body breaks and life ends, one will be reborn in a good realm, receiving the body of a deva (god) or human. When the reward in the heavens is exhausted, one will be reborn in the human realm, and in every birth, one will always be born into an upper-class family. Vimalamati (Pure Intention), you should know that due to not arising arrogance and pride as the cause, one experiences the result of being born into an upper-class family. Furthermore, Vimalamati (Pure Intention)! There is a type of man or woman in the world whose heart is stingy and does not give food, clothing, bedding, medicine, dwellings, seats, or even fragrant oils and powders to Śrāmaṇas (ascetics) and Brāhmaṇas (priests). Due to this cause, after the body breaks and life ends, one falls into an evil realm, suffering the pain of hell. When the retribution of hell is exhausted, even if one is reborn as a human, in every birth, one will be poor and lacking. Vimalamati (Pure Intention), you should know that due to the cause of stinginess, one experiences the result of poverty. Furthermore, Vimalamati (Pure Intention)! There is a type of man or woman in the world whose heart is not stingy and always gives food, clothing, bedding, medicine, dwellings, seats, and even fragrant oils and powders to Śrāmaṇas (ascetics) and Brāhmaṇas (priests). Due to this cause, after the body breaks and life ends, one will be reborn in a good realm, receiving the body of a deva (god) or human. When the reward in the heavens is exhausted, one will be reborn in the human realm, and in every birth, one will be wealthy and free. Vimalamati (Pure Intention), you should know that due to the cause of not being stingy, one experiences the result of wealth and freedom. Furthermore, Vimalamati (Pure Intention)! There is a type of man or woman in the world whose heart does not love the true Dharma scriptures, and also does not ask the Śrāmaṇas (ascetics) and Brāhmaṇas (priests) about various meanings: What is good? What is not good? What should be initiated? What should not be initiated? What should be done? What should not be done? One is unable to ask and seek resolution in this way. Due to this cause, after the body breaks and life ends, one falls into an evil realm, suffering the pain of hell. When the retribution of hell is exhausted, even if one is reborn as a human, in every birth, one will be foolish and without wisdom. Vimalamati (Pure Intention), you should know that due to the cause of not loving the Dharma and not asking about the Dharma, one experiences the result of foolishness. Furthermore, Vimalamati (Pure Intention)! There is a type of man or woman in the world whose heart always loves the true Dharma scriptures, and is able to ask the Śrāmaṇas (ascetics) and Brāhmaṇas (priests) about various meanings: What

者是善？何者不善？何者應發起？何者不應發起？何者應行？何者不應行？而能如是請問開決。由此因緣，身壞命終得生善趣，受天人身。天中報盡來生人間，在在所生具大智慧。凈意當知，由愛樂法、請問法因，感智慧果。

「複次，凈意！如我上說，如是因果種種差別。是故當知，短壽因得短壽果，長壽因得長壽果；多病因得多病果，少病因得少病果；醜陋因得醜陋果，端正因得端正果；不如意因得不如意果，如意因得如意果；下族因得下族果，上族因得上族果；貧窮因得貧窮果，富貴因得富貴果；愚癡因得愚癡果，智慧因得智慧果。凈意！是故汝今如實了知，短壽因果是佛所說，長壽因果是佛所說，多病因果是佛所說，少病因果是佛所說，醜陋因果是佛所說，端正因果是佛所說，不如意因果是佛所說，如意因果是佛所說，下族因果是佛所說，上族因果是佛所說，貧窮因果是佛所說，富貴因果是佛所說，愚癡因果是佛所說，智慧因果是佛所說，是故智者如說而行。

「凈意當知，佛說長壽為勝善報，少病為勝善報，端正為勝善報，如意為勝善報，上族為勝善報，富貴為勝善報，智慧為勝善報。凈意！如是等法是佛所說，汝當修學。」

爾時，凈意兜泥耶子聞是法已，心生歡喜，白佛言：「世尊

【現代漢語翻譯】現代漢語譯本：什麼是善？什麼是不善？什麼應該發起？什麼不應該發起？什麼應該做？什麼不應該做？能夠這樣請問並得到開示決疑。由此因緣，身壞命終后得以往生善道，承受天人的身軀。在天界的福報享盡后，再降生人間，無論生在哪裡都具備大智慧。凈意（指凈意兜泥耶子），你應該知道，由於喜愛佛法、請問佛法的因緣，感得智慧的果報。

『再者，凈意！正如我上面所說，這樣的因果有種種差別。因此你應該明白，短壽的因會導致短壽的果，長壽的因會導致長壽的果；多病的因會導致多病的果，少病的因會導致少病的果；醜陋的因會導致醜陋的果，端正的因會導致端正的果；不如意的因會導致不如意的果，如意的因會導致如意的果；出身低賤的因會導致出身低賤的果，出身高貴的因會導致出身高貴的果；貧窮的因會導致貧窮的果，富貴的因會導致富貴的果；愚癡的因會導致愚癡的果，智慧的因會導致智慧的果。凈意！因此你現在應該如實地瞭解，短壽的因果是佛所說，長壽的因果是佛所說，多病的因果是佛所說，少病的因果是佛所說，醜陋的因果是佛所說，端正的因果是佛所說，不如意的因果是佛所說，如意的因果是佛所說，出身低賤的因果是佛所說，出身高貴的因果是佛所說，貧窮的因果是佛所說，富貴的因果是佛所說，愚癡的因果是佛所說，智慧的因果是佛所說，所以有智慧的人應當按照佛所說的去做。』

『凈意你應該知道，佛說長壽是殊勝的善報，少病是殊勝的善報，端正是殊勝的善報，如意是殊勝的善報，出身高貴是殊勝的善報，富貴是殊勝的善報，智慧是殊勝的善報。凈意！像這些法都是佛所說的，你應該修學。』

當時，凈意兜泥耶子（Netti-dronaputra）聽了這些佛法后，心生歡喜，對佛說：『世尊！』

【English Translation】 English version: What is good? What is not good? What should be initiated? What should not be initiated? What should be done? What should not be done? To be able to ask and resolve doubts in this way. Due to this cause and condition, after the body breaks and life ends, one will be reborn in a good realm, receiving the body of a deva (god) or human. When the rewards in the heavens are exhausted, one will be reborn in the human world, possessing great wisdom wherever one is born. Netti (referring to Netti-dronaputra), you should know that due to the causes of loving the Dharma and inquiring about the Dharma, one experiences the result of wisdom.

『Furthermore, Netti! As I said above, such causes and effects have various differences. Therefore, you should know that the cause of a short life leads to the effect of a short life, and the cause of a long life leads to the effect of a long life; the cause of much illness leads to the effect of much illness, and the cause of little illness leads to the effect of little illness; the cause of ugliness leads to the effect of ugliness, and the cause of beauty leads to the effect of beauty; the cause of unpleasantness leads to the effect of unpleasantness, and the cause of pleasantness leads to the effect of pleasantness; the cause of a low birth leads to the effect of a low birth, and the cause of a high birth leads to the effect of a high birth; the cause of poverty leads to the effect of poverty, and the cause of wealth leads to the effect of wealth; the cause of ignorance leads to the effect of ignorance, and the cause of wisdom leads to the effect of wisdom. Netti! Therefore, you should now truly understand that the cause and effect of short life is what the Buddha taught, the cause and effect of long life is what the Buddha taught, the cause and effect of much illness is what the Buddha taught, the cause and effect of little illness is what the Buddha taught, the cause and effect of ugliness is what the Buddha taught, the cause and effect of beauty is what the Buddha taught, the cause and effect of unpleasantness is what the Buddha taught, the cause and effect of pleasantness is what the Buddha taught, the cause and effect of low birth is what the Buddha taught, the cause and effect of high birth is what the Buddha taught, the cause and effect of poverty is what the Buddha taught, the cause and effect of wealth is what the Buddha taught, the cause and effect of ignorance is what the Buddha taught, and the cause and effect of wisdom is what the Buddha taught. Therefore, the wise should act according to what is said.』

『Netti, you should know that the Buddha said that long life is a superior good reward, little illness is a superior good reward, beauty is a superior good reward, pleasantness is a superior good reward, high birth is a superior good reward, wealth is a superior good reward, and wisdom is a superior good reward. Netti! These are the teachings of the Buddha, and you should study them.』

At that time, Netti-dronaputra, having heard these teachings, felt joy in his heart and said to the Buddha: 『Venerable One!』

！譬如世間諸黑闇處，不能通達所行之道，雖有眼目不能觀照。若有智者持以燈炬，彼所行道悉能通達。世尊亦復如是，善說正法破諸無智，而能一一分別諸法。是善，是不善；是應發起，是不應發起；是所應行，是不應行。如是等法，唯佛如來、應供、正等正覺出現世間能善宣說。我於今日快得善利，我今歸佛、歸法、歸苾芻僧，持不殺等戒，為優婆塞。愿佛世尊攝受於我。」佛言：「善哉！今攝受汝。」

時，凈意優婆塞，即白佛言：「世尊！今此舍衛城中諸族姓子，若聞是事，咸應念言：『兜泥耶子于長夜中，善為眾生利益開導。』」爾時，凈意優婆塞作是語已，禮佛而退。

佛說凈意優婆塞所問經

【現代漢語翻譯】現代漢語譯本：譬如世間所有黑暗的地方，不能通達所行走的道路，即使有眼睛也無法看見。如果有一位智者拿著燈火，他所要走的道路都能完全通達。世尊也是這樣，善於宣說正法，破除各種愚昧無知，從而能夠一一分辨各種法。什麼是善，什麼是不善；什麼是應該做的，什麼是不應該做的；什麼是應該實行的，什麼是不應該實行的。像這樣的法，只有佛如來（Tathagata，如實而來的人）、應供（Arhat，值得供養的人）、正等正覺（Samyaksambuddha，完全覺悟的人）出現於世間才能善於宣說。我今天真是獲得了極大的利益，我現在皈依佛、皈依法、皈依比丘僧（Bhikshu Sangha，出家僧團），奉持不殺生等戒律，成為優婆塞（Upasaka，在家男居士）。愿佛世尊接受我。』佛說：『很好！現在接受你。』當時，凈意（Jingyi）優婆塞，就對佛說：『世尊！現在這舍衛城（Shravasti）中的各位善男子，如果聽聞這件事，都應該想到：『兜泥耶子（Douniyezi）在漫長的黑夜中，善於為眾生利益開導。』』當時，凈意優婆塞說完這些話后，向佛頂禮後退下。佛說凈意優婆塞所問經

【English Translation】 English version: 'For example, in all the dark places in the world, one cannot understand the path to be taken, and even with eyes, one cannot see. If a wise person holds a lamp, he can fully understand the path he is to take. The World-Honored One (世尊, Shìzūn) is also like this, skillfully expounding the Dharma (正法, Zhèngfǎ), breaking through all ignorance, and thus being able to distinguish all dharmas (法, fǎ) one by one. What is good, and what is not good; what should be initiated, and what should not be initiated; what should be practiced, and what should not be practiced. Such dharmas can only be well expounded by the Buddha Tathagata (如來, Rúlái, Thus Come One), Arhat (應供, Yìnggòng, Worthy One), Samyaksambuddha (正等正覺, Zhèngděngzhèngjué, Perfectly Enlightened One) appearing in the world. Today, I have truly obtained great benefit. I now take refuge in the Buddha, take refuge in the Dharma, and take refuge in the Bhikshu Sangha (苾芻僧, Bìchūsēng, monastic community), upholding the precepts of non-killing, etc., and become a Upasaka (優婆塞, Yōupósāi, lay male devotee). May the World-Honored One accept me.』 The Buddha said, 『Excellent! Now I accept you.』 At that time, the Upasaka Jingyi (凈意, Jìngyì), then said to the Buddha, 『World-Honored One! Now, all the sons of good families in this Shravasti (舍衛城, Shèwèichéng), if they hear of this matter, should all think: 『Douniyezi (兜泥耶子, Dōuníyēzi) is good at guiding sentient beings for their benefit in the long night.』』 At that time, after the Upasaka Jingyi spoke these words, he bowed to the Buddha and withdrew. The Sutra on the Questions of Upasaka Jingyi Spoken by the Buddha