T17n0769_佛說四輩經
大正藏第 17 冊 No. 0769 佛說四輩經
No. 769
佛說四輩經
西晉月氏國三藏竺法護譯
聞如是：
一時佛在舍衛國祇樹給孤獨園。爾時諸四輩弟子、天帝、龍、鬼神、質諒神，皆詣祇樹，稽首佛足，卻就常位坐。
佛告諸弟子：「吾今所出經法，所可教誡，皆自各守其意念。末世毒然之時，四輩弟子，若出家、若居家修道，皆狂醉眾色，不復承用佛經法，專愚自用，便使吾道薄淡，令世人謗訕吾道，信是弟子慠慢所致！」鹙鷺子整衣服，叉手，一心聽佛說《四輩經》如是。
佛言：「若末世男子能出家，除剃頭髮為道者，第一去離愛慾，志存大乘，常當慈悲喜護為主，去想行，普念一切蜎飛蠕動之類，視之如身無異，不得妄起恚怒。深入明度，常以明度權便，誘致曚冥，使入無極，以戒德除心穢病，不得為世間之業。能行此者，便可出家，名曰道士。不可依恃吾法，自以出家為信，不專念道。或能有下賤之人，倚道自活，無益一切，而但出意說。為人師主，輕薄戲調，不自撿察，使尊法薄淡，世人不信，非吾出家弟子之法也！」
佛言：「若有女人出家，除發為道，以去愛慾，當專精靜處，不得與出家男子同廟止。若行師受，當有
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本
大正藏第 17 冊 No. 0769 佛說四輩經
No. 769
佛說四輩經
西晉月氏國三藏竺法護譯
聞如是：
一時佛在舍衛國祇樹給孤獨園（Jetavana Anathapindika-arama）。爾時諸四輩弟子、天帝、龍、鬼神、質諒神，皆詣祇樹，稽首佛足，卻就常位坐。
佛告諸弟子：『吾今所出經法，所可教誡，皆自各守其意念。末世毒然之時，四輩弟子，若出家、若居家修道，皆狂醉眾色，不復承用佛經法，專愚自用，便使吾道薄淡，令世人謗訕吾道，信是弟子慠慢所致！』鹙鷺子（Sariputra）整衣服，叉手，一心聽佛說《四輩經》如是。
佛言：『若末世男子能出家，除剃頭髮為道者，第一去離愛慾，志存大乘（Mahayana），常當慈悲喜護為主，去想行，普念一切蜎飛蠕動之類，視之如身無異，不得妄起恚怒。深入明度（Prajna-paramita），常以明度權便，誘致曚冥，使入無極，以戒德除心穢病，不得為世間之業。能行此者，便可出家，名曰道士。不可依恃吾法，自以出家為信，不專念道。或能有**之人，倚道自活，無益一切，而但出意說。為人師主，輕薄戲調，不自撿察，使尊法薄淡，世人不信，非吾出家弟子之法也！』
佛言：『若有女人出家，除發為道，以去愛慾，當專精靜處，不得與出家男子同廟止。若行師受，當有
【English Translation】 English version
T17 No. 0769 The Buddha Speaks the Sutra of the Four Assemblies
No. 0769
The Buddha Speaks the Sutra of the Four Assemblies
Translated by Dharmaraksa from Yuezhi during the Western Jin Dynasty
Thus have I heard:
At one time, the Buddha was in the Jeta Grove (Jetavana Anathapindika-arama) in the country of Sravasti. At that time, the four assemblies of disciples, the heavenly emperors, dragons, ghosts, spirits, and the spirits of integrity, all went to the Jeta Grove, bowed their heads to the Buddha's feet, and sat down in their usual places.
The Buddha told the disciples: 'The sutras and teachings that I now expound should each be kept in mind. In the poisonous times of the future, the four assemblies of disciples, whether they are monks or lay practitioners, will be intoxicated by various forms, no longer accepting the Buddha's sutras and teachings, stubbornly relying on their own foolishness, causing my path to become weak and diluted, leading the world to slander my path, which is caused by the arrogance and disrespect of these disciples!' Sariputra (Sariputra) adjusted his robes, folded his hands, and listened attentively as the Buddha spoke the Sutra of the Four Assemblies.
The Buddha said: 'If men in the future can renounce their homes, shave their heads, and become monks, the first thing is to abandon love and desire, aspire to the Great Vehicle (Mahayana), and always prioritize compassion, loving-kindness, joy, and equanimity. Abandon thoughts and actions, universally contemplate all kinds of creatures that crawl, fly, and wriggle, regarding them as no different from oneself, and not rashly give rise to anger and hatred. Deeply enter into wisdom (Prajna-paramita), always using wisdom as a skillful means to guide the ignorant and unenlightened, leading them into the limitless. Use precepts and virtue to eliminate the defilements and illnesses of the mind, and do not engage in worldly affairs. Those who can practice in this way can become monks, called Daoists. Do not rely on my teachings, believing that becoming a monk is enough, without focusing on cultivating the path. There may be those who are **, relying on the path to support themselves, without benefiting anyone, but only expressing their own opinions. As teachers, they are frivolous and playful, not examining themselves, causing the honored Dharma to become weak and diluted, and the world to disbelieve. This is not the way of my monastic disciples!'
The Buddha said: 'If women renounce their homes, shave their heads, and become nuns, in order to abandon love and desire, they should be dedicated to quiet places and not live in the same temple as monks. If receiving instruction from a teacher, there should be
等類，不得獨往稟受。常當晚出早還，不得妄出廟宿止。但得教授女人，不得教授男子。所著衣服，不得刻繒帛彩色苾芬。不得輕言戲語，不得貪財寶物，戒行清凈，名曰出家道人。若輕言戲調，未語預笑，心志不寂，意行穢濁，惡口罵詈，輕言不節，不能靜處，憍慢自大，不自撿敕者，雖復出家，故是賤人，非出家弟子也！」
佛言：「若有男子心志系道，不能出家者，在於愛慾之中，當受持五戒、月六齋。第一孝順父母，治家養子；朝暮燒香、然燈，稽首三尊，悔過十方，恭敬四輩；不得慢輕自大，去離慳貪；常以至誠，不得欺殆世人；不得與世間人妻婦坐起同席、住行相隨、同室異床。除去四事，以四等心普視一切，老者，若父、若母；少者，若弟、若子。恒以明度法藥洗除眾病，不得妄瞋恚、罵詈。常以無極方便誘解世人，使入大乘；不得為新學者說深經、奧妙之義，當爲除想識無掛礙者；不得綺飾衣服，不得與世間妻女戲調言語、往來報答。以致因緣，如是者為清凈道人。若行不清凈，貪利財色；或於世俗綺飾衣服，互相翹舉，但結非惡，眄睞所欲；輕言戲調，未語預笑；托己同法，口說妙言；外似清虛，內懷貪惑；心存財帛，以自供給，活于妻子；慢佛，尊經不復修學，反習外道之術——世藥解奏
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本： 像你們這樣的人，不能獨自前去稟告和接受教誨。應當經常晚上出去早上返回，不能隨意在外面的寺廟過夜。只能教導女人，不能教導男子。所穿的衣服，不能是刻有花紋的絲綢和色彩鮮豔的布料。不能輕浮地說話和開玩笑，不能貪圖錢財寶物，戒律行為清凈，這樣才能被稱為出家的道人。如果輕浮地說話和戲弄，還沒說話就先笑，心志不寧靜，意念行為污穢，惡語罵人，說話輕率不莊重，不能安靜地待著，驕傲自大，不自我約束，即使出了家，仍然是**（此處原文如此，可能指不合格的出家人），不是真正的出家弟子！'
佛說：『如果有的男子心志嚮往佛道，但不能出家，身處愛慾之中，應當受持五戒、每月持六齋。第一要孝順父母，操持家務養育子女；早晚燒香、點燈，向佛、法、僧三寶稽首，懺悔自己所犯的過錯，恭敬四輩（比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷）；不能傲慢輕視他人，去除慳吝貪婪；經常以真誠待人，不能欺騙世人；不得與世間的**（此處原文如此，可能指行為不端的）婦女同坐同臥，一起行走，同住一室但不同床。去除以上四種行為，以慈、悲、喜、舍四種平等心看待一切眾生，年老的，視如父母；年少的，視如兄弟子女。經常用智慧和佛法洗滌去除各種疾病，不能隨意發怒、罵人。經常用無盡的方便法門引導世人，使他們進入大乘佛法；不能為新學者講說深奧的經典和義理，應當為那些去除妄想和分別心、沒有掛礙的人講說；不能穿華麗的衣服，不能與世間的妻女戲弄調笑、互相來往。以至於種種因緣，像這樣的人才能稱為清凈的道人。如果行為不清凈，貪圖利益錢財美色；或者在世俗中穿華麗的衣服，互相炫耀，只會結下惡緣，眼神流露出貪慾；輕浮地說話和戲弄，還沒說話就先笑；假託自己與佛法相同，口中說出美妙的言語；外表看似清凈虛無，內心卻懷著貪婪迷惑；心中想著錢財，用來供養自己，養活妻子兒女；輕慢佛，不尊重經典，不再修學佛法，反而學習外道的法術——世間的藥物和解奏。'
【English Translation】 English version: 'Those of your kind must not go alone to report and receive teachings. You should always go out in the evening and return in the morning, and must not arbitrarily stay overnight in temples outside. You may only teach women, not men. The clothes you wear must not be of patterned silk or brightly colored fabrics. You must not speak lightly or joke, and you must not be greedy for money or treasures. If your precepts and conduct are pure, you can be called a renunciant practitioner. If you speak lightly and jest, laughing before speaking, if your mind is not tranquil, your intentions and actions are impure, if you curse and scold, speak frivolously and without restraint, are unable to stay quietly, are arrogant and self-important, and do not control yourselves, even if you have renounced the world, you are still ** (the original text is like this, possibly referring to unqualified renunciants), not true renunciant disciples!'
The Buddha said, 'If there are men whose minds are devoted to the Way but cannot renounce the world, being in the midst of love and desire, they should uphold the Five Precepts and observe the Six Fast Days each month. First, they must be filial to their parents, manage their household, and raise their children; morning and evening, they should burn incense, light lamps, prostrate themselves before the Three Jewels (Buddha, Dharma, Sangha), repent of their transgressions in all directions, and respect the Four Assemblies (bhikshus, bhikshunis, upasakas, upasikas); they must not be arrogant or belittle others, and must abandon stinginess and greed; they must always be sincere and must not deceive the people of the world; they must not sit or lie down with worldly ** (the original text is like this, possibly referring to women of improper conduct), walk together, or live in the same room but different beds. Eliminating these four things, they should regard all beings with the Four Immeasurable Minds (loving-kindness, compassion, sympathetic joy, equanimity), treating the elderly as parents and the young as siblings or children. They should constantly use the medicine of wisdom and Dharma to wash away all illnesses, and must not arbitrarily become angry or curse. They should constantly use limitless skillful means to guide people into the Great Vehicle (Mahayana); they must not explain profound sutras or the meaning of esoteric doctrines to new learners, but should explain them to those who have eliminated thoughts and discrimination and have no attachments; they must not wear ornate clothes, and must not jest or joke with worldly wives and daughters, or exchange words with them. In all circumstances, such people can be called pure practitioners. If their conduct is impure, greedy for profit, wealth, and beauty; or if they wear ornate clothes in the world, showing off to each other, only creating evil karma, their eyes revealing their desires; if they speak lightly and jest, laughing before speaking; claiming to be the same as the Dharma, speaking wonderful words; appearing outwardly pure and empty, but inwardly harboring greed and delusion; thinking of money and wealth to support themselves, and to support their wives and children; disrespecting the Buddha, not respecting the scriptures, no longer studying the Dharma, but instead learning the arts of external paths—worldly medicines and solutions.'
、符咒厭說、療治眾病因緣、外道解奏之術，或於財帛勾束上下，賊意欲得，因解奏之術，不持吾法，當來者卻皆由斯輩，是故非吾法學弟子也！」
佛言：「若有女人不能出家，在於愛慾之中心樂道者，當持五戒、月六齋。孝順父母、姑嫜、叔妹、夫婿；不得撾罵兒子、婢使；不得輕行，來宿止他家；不得與世間男子語言，調弄譺笑；不得妄瞋恚、罵詈、惡口；不得證說他人惡，不得陷人兒子、妻妾、奴婢過惡；恒當專精念道為上首；不得與世間凡人說法顏貌；不得與人男子相斥，不得教他人男子；不得說世間吉兇、善惡、災變之相；不得憍慢自大；晝夜三時燒香，稽首三尊，悔過十方，稟受經行，言數自勸；不得希望供養、貪利、財帛；不得嫉妒夫主，當自賤女人身，愿為男子轉身受福，可得上天宮觀自然。是清信女人學道之法。若不孝順，憍慢姑嫜，嫉妒夫主，撾罵奴婢，造惡自是，怨恨、恚怒、毒意向人，行者如是，是為非法學女人弟子也！」
佛告諸弟子：「清慎汝心，守護身口，恒以四等濟眾生已，道寶之慧恩施一切，如佛教誡，必得度世！」
弟子諸來會者，聞佛說經，歡喜奉行，作禮而去。
佛說四輩經
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本： 佛說：'如果有人使用符咒詛咒、厭勝之術，或者用醫術治療各種疾病，或者使用外道的辯解之術，或者在錢財方面上下其手，心懷盜竊之意，想通過辯解之術來達到目的，卻不遵循我的佛法，那麼未來出現這種情況的人，都是因為這些行為導致的。所以，這些人不是學習我的佛法的弟子！'
佛說：'如果有女人不能出家，但身處愛慾之中卻真心向道，應當持守五戒，每月持六齋。孝順父母、公婆、叔姑、丈夫；不得毆打辱罵兒子、婢女；不得輕率出行，夜宿在別人家；不得與世間男子言語調笑；不得無故發怒、謾罵、惡語傷人；不得揭發別人的過錯，不得陷害別人的兒子、妻妾、奴婢；應當始終專心精進地修道為首要；不得以世俗的容貌和言語向凡人說法；不得與男子互相指責，不得教導其他人的男子；不得談論世間的吉兇、善惡、災變之相；不得驕傲自大；晝夜三時燒香，向三寶（三尊）叩頭，懺悔十方罪過，接受經文的教誨並身體力行，用言語自我勸勉；不得希望得到供養、貪圖利益、錢財；不得嫉妒丈夫，應當看輕自己的女身，發願轉世為男子以享受福報，這樣才能升到天宮觀看自然景象。這是清信女人學習佛法的方法。如果不孝順，對公婆驕慢無禮，嫉妒丈夫，毆打辱罵奴婢，做了壞事還自以為是，怨恨、惱怒，心懷惡毒，這樣的修行者，就不是如法修行的女弟子！'
佛告訴各位弟子：'清凈謹慎你們的心，守護好身口意，始終以四無量心（四等）來救濟眾生，用道寶的智慧恩澤一切，按照佛教的教誨去做，必定能夠脫離世間的苦難！'
在法會上的弟子們，聽了佛所說的經，歡喜奉行，行禮后離去。
《佛說四輩經》
【English Translation】 English version: The Buddha said, 'If someone uses spells to curse, employs witchcraft, or uses medical skills to treat various illnesses, or uses the sophistry of external paths, or manipulates wealth, harboring thieving intentions, wanting to achieve their goals through sophistry, but does not adhere to my Dharma, then those who appear in the future doing such things are all due to these actions. Therefore, these people are not disciples who study my Dharma!'
The Buddha said, 'If there is a woman who cannot renounce the household life, but in the midst of desires sincerely aspires to the Way, she should uphold the five precepts and observe the six fast days each month. She should be filial to her parents, parents-in-law, uncles, aunts, and husband; she must not beat or scold her children or servants; she must not travel lightly, staying overnight at other people's homes; she must not engage in frivolous talk and laughter with worldly men; she must not be angry, scold, or use harsh language without reason; she must not expose the faults of others, nor frame the sons, wives, concubines, or servants of others; she should always focus diligently on cultivating the Way as the foremost priority; she must not preach the Dharma to ordinary people with worldly appearances and speech; she must not argue with men, nor teach other people's men; she must not talk about worldly good fortune, misfortune, good and evil, or signs of disasters; she must not be arrogant or conceited; she should burn incense three times day and night, bow to the Three Jewels (Three Venerables), repent of her transgressions in all directions, receive the teachings of the scriptures and practice them diligently, and encourage herself with words; she must not hope for offerings, be greedy for profit, or wealth; she must not be jealous of her husband, but should regard her female body as lowly, and vow to be reborn as a man to receive blessings, so that she can ascend to the heavenly palaces to view the natural scenery. This is the method for a pure and faithful woman to study the Dharma. If she is not filial, is arrogant and disrespectful to her parents-in-law, is jealous of her husband, beats and scolds her servants, does evil and thinks she is right, harbors resentment, anger, and malicious intentions towards others, such a practitioner is not a female disciple who practices the Dharma correctly!'
The Buddha told the disciples, 'Purify and be cautious of your minds, guard your body, speech, and mind, and always use the Four Immeasurables (Four Equalities) to help all beings, use the wisdom of the Dharma Jewel to bestow grace on all, and if you act according to the Buddha's teachings, you will surely be able to escape the suffering of the world!'
The disciples who were present at the assembly, having heard the sutra spoken by the Buddha, rejoiced and practiced accordingly, paid their respects, and departed.
The Sutra on the Four Assemblies Spoken by the Buddha