T01n0029_堿水喻經

大正藏第 01 冊 No. 0029 堿水喻經

No. 29 [No. 26(4), No. 125(39.3)]

佛說堿水喻經

失譯人名今附西晉錄

聞如是：

一時，婆伽婆在舍衛城祇樹給孤獨園。爾時世尊告諸比丘：「我與汝等說水喻七事，諦聽諦思念之，我當說。」對曰：「如是，世尊！」爾時諸比丘從佛聞教。

世尊告曰：「云何，比丘！水喻七事？若人沒於水；從水出頭復還沒水；或出頭遍觀四方；或出頭不復沒水；或有人慾行出水；或有人慾至彼岸；或有人已至彼岸，凈志得立彼岸。

「彼云何人沒溺於水？或有一人以不善法盡纏裹身，純罪熟，至地獄一劫受罪不可療治，是謂此人常沒溺於水，是謂初入水沒溺。

「彼云何人出頭還沒入水？或有一人作是沒溺，有信于善法，懷慚愧，求其方便，于諸善法皆懷慚愧，彼出於水還沒溺水，是謂二人沒溺於水。

「彼云何人出水遍觀四方？或有一人出水，彼有信于善法，有慚愧心，有勇猛意，于諸不善法皆有慚愧。彼出水上，不復沒溺於水。此諸賢，是謂三人喻彼出水。

「彼云何人出水住？或有一人作是出水，有信于善法，有慚愧，有精進，于諸善法皆懷慚愧，彼於三結使盡，成須陀洹而不退轉，必當還所獲，是謂四人喻彼出水住。

「彼云何人出水欲至彼岸？或有一人作如是出水，彼有信于善法，有慚愧，有勇猛意，于諸善法悉懷慚愧，彼盡三結使，貪慾、瞋恚、愚癡薄，成斯陀含，來至此間而盡苦本，是謂彼人喻彼水欲至彼岸。

「云何彼人已至彼岸？或有一人便出水，有信于善法，有慚愧，有勇猛意，于諸善法皆懷慚愧，彼便盡五下分結，成阿那含，于彼般涅槃，不復來至此間，是謂六人喻彼出水已至彼岸。

「彼云何人已至彼岸，凈志得立彼岸？或有一人而出水上，有信于善法，有慚愧有，勇猛意，于諸善法皆懷慚愧；或有一人盡有漏成無漏，念解脫、智慧解脫，于現法中疾得證通，而自娛樂盡生死源。梵行已立，所作已辦，更不復受母胎。是謂彼人喻彼水已立彼出岸。

「如是，比丘！此七人，我今與汝等說七人喻水。諸世尊與諸聲聞所應當說，有大慈，欲使獲安隱，皆使得度，所謂閑居處、樹下、空處露坐，汝等坐禪勿有懈怠；今不精勤後備有悔。是謂我所教敕。」

爾時諸比丘聞佛所說，歡喜奉行

現代漢語譯本 佛陀在舍衛城的祇樹給孤獨園時，告訴眾比丘：『我將為你們講述關於水的七種譬喻，仔細聽，認真思考，我將開始講述。』比丘們回答：『是的，世尊！』然後，比丘們從佛陀那裡聽取教誨。 世尊說：『比丘們，關於水的七種譬喻是什麼呢？有人沉入水中；有人從水中露出頭又再次沉入水中；有人露出頭環顧四周；有人露出頭不再沉入水中；有人想要從水中出來；有人想要到達彼岸；有人已經到達彼岸，心志清凈地站在彼岸。 『什麼樣的人是沉入水中的呢？有這樣一個人，被不善的法完全纏繞，罪業深重，在地獄中受苦一劫，無法解脫。這樣的人就是常沉溺於水中，這是第一種沉入水中的人。 『什麼樣的人是露出頭又再次沉入水中的呢？有這樣一個人，雖然沉溺，但對善法有信心，有慚愧心，尋求擺脫困境的方法，對各種善法都懷有慚愧。他從水中露出頭，但又再次沉入水中。這是第二種沉入水中的人。 『什麼樣的人是露出頭環顧四周的呢？有這樣一個人，從水中露出頭，對善法有信心，有慚愧心，有勇猛的意志，對各種不善法都懷有慚愧。他從水中出來，不再沉入水中。各位賢者，這是第三種譬喻，表示從水中出來的人。 『什麼樣的人是露出頭停留在水中的呢？有這樣一個人，從水中出來，對善法有信心，有慚愧心，有精進心，對各種善法都懷有慚愧。他斷除了三結，成為須陀洹，不再退轉，必定會獲得解脫。這是第四種譬喻，表示從水中出來並停留的人。 『什麼樣的人是從水中出來想要到達彼岸的呢？有這樣一個人，從水中出來，對善法有信心，有慚愧心，有勇猛的意志，對各種善法都懷有慚愧。他斷除了三結，貪慾、嗔恚、愚癡變得淡薄，成為斯陀含，來到這個世界，最終會斷除苦的根源。這是第五種譬喻，表示從水中出來想要到達彼岸的人。 『什麼樣的人是已經到達彼岸的呢？有這樣一個人，從水中出來，對善法有信心，有慚愧心，有勇猛的意志，對各種善法都懷有慚愧。他斷除了五下分結，成為阿那含，在彼處般涅槃，不再來到這個世界。這是第六種譬喻，表示從水中出來已經到達彼岸的人。 『什麼樣的人是已經到達彼岸，心志清凈地站在彼岸的呢？有這樣一個人，從水中出來，對善法有信心，有慚愧心，有勇猛的意志，對各種善法都懷有慚愧；他斷除了所有煩惱，成就無漏，通過念解脫和智慧解脫，在現世中迅速證得神通，並以此為樂，斷絕了生死輪迴的根源。他的梵行已經建立，該做的已經完成，不再受母胎。這是第七種譬喻，表示從水中出來已經站在彼岸的人。 『比丘們，這就是我為你們講述的七種人，用七種水的譬喻來表示。諸佛和聲聞弟子應當宣說，懷有大慈悲心，希望眾生獲得安穩，都能夠得到解脫。你們應當在閑靜之處、樹下、空曠之地露天而坐，禪修時不要懈怠；現在不精進，將來會有後悔。這就是我的教誨。』 當時，比丘們聽聞佛陀的教誨，歡喜地奉行。

English version At one time, the Buddha was in Jeta's Grove, Anathapindika's Park in Sravasti. At that time, the World Honored One told the monks, 'I will tell you about seven similes of water. Listen carefully and contemplate them. I will begin to speak.' The monks replied, 'Yes, World Honored One!' Then, the monks received the teachings from the Buddha. The World Honored One said, 'Monks, what are the seven similes of water? There is a person who is submerged in water; there is a person who emerges from the water, then submerges again; there is a person who emerges and looks around in all directions; there is a person who emerges and does not submerge again; there is a person who wants to get out of the water; there is a person who wants to reach the other shore; and there is a person who has reached the other shore, standing there with a pure mind.' 'What kind of person is submerged in water? There is a person who is completely entangled by unwholesome dharmas, whose sins are ripe, and who suffers in hell for a kalpa, unable to be liberated. This person is always submerged in water. This is the first type of person submerged in water.' 'What kind of person is the one who emerges from the water and then submerges again? There is a person who, although submerged, has faith in wholesome dharmas, has a sense of shame, seeks ways to escape the predicament, and feels ashamed of all unwholesome dharmas. He emerges from the water but then submerges again. This is the second type of person submerged in water.' 'What kind of person is the one who emerges from the water and looks around in all directions? There is a person who emerges from the water, has faith in wholesome dharmas, has a sense of shame, has a courageous will, and feels ashamed of all unwholesome dharmas. He emerges from the water and does not submerge again. Venerable ones, this is the third simile, representing a person who has emerged from the water.' 'What kind of person is the one who emerges from the water and stays there? There is a person who emerges from the water, has faith in wholesome dharmas, has a sense of shame, has diligence, and feels ashamed of all unwholesome dharmas. He has eradicated the three fetters, becomes a Stream-enterer, and does not regress, and will surely attain liberation. This is the fourth simile, representing a person who has emerged from the water and stays there.' 'What kind of person is the one who emerges from the water and wants to reach the other shore? There is a person who emerges from the water, has faith in wholesome dharmas, has a sense of shame, has a courageous will, and feels ashamed of all unwholesome dharmas. He has eradicated the three fetters, and his greed, hatred, and delusion have become weak. He becomes a Once-returner, comes to this world, and will eventually eradicate the root of suffering. This is the fifth simile, representing a person who has emerged from the water and wants to reach the other shore.' 'What kind of person is the one who has reached the other shore? There is a person who emerges from the water, has faith in wholesome dharmas, has a sense of shame, has a courageous will, and feels ashamed of all unwholesome dharmas. He has eradicated the five lower fetters, becomes a Non-returner, attains Nirvana there, and does not come to this world again. This is the sixth simile, representing a person who has emerged from the water and has reached the other shore.' 'What kind of person is the one who has reached the other shore and stands there with a pure mind? There is a person who emerges from the water, has faith in wholesome dharmas, has a sense of shame, has a courageous will, and feels ashamed of all unwholesome dharmas; he has eradicated all defilements, attained the unconditioned, through liberation by mindfulness and liberation by wisdom, quickly attains supernatural powers in this life, and enjoys this, cutting off the root of the cycle of birth and death. His Brahma-faring is established, what needs to be done is done, and he will no longer be reborn from a mother's womb. This is the seventh simile, representing a person who has emerged from the water and is standing on the other shore.' 'Monks, these are the seven types of people I have described to you, using the seven similes of water. The Buddhas and their disciples should proclaim this, with great compassion, wishing for all beings to attain peace and liberation. You should sit in quiet places, under trees, in open spaces, and practice meditation without laziness; if you are not diligent now, you will regret it later. This is my teaching.' At that time, the monks, having heard the Buddha's teachings, joyfully practiced them.

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現代漢語譯本：佛說堿水譬喻經

English version: The Buddha Speaks of the Parable of Alkaline Water Sutra