T01n0051_梵志計水凈經

大正藏第 01 冊 No. 0051 梵志計水凈經

No. 51 [No. 26(93), No. 99(1185), No. 100(99), No. 125(13.5)]

佛說梵志計水凈經

失譯人名附東晉錄

聞如是：

一時，婆伽婆在郁鞞羅(摩竭附邊)水岸上，獨在樹下初成等覺。彼時，有計水凈婆羅門，過中食后彷徉行至世尊所，世尊遙見計水凈婆羅門從遠而來。世尊見計水凈婆羅門已，為彼故便告諸比丘：「若有二十一結著意者，當墮惡趣生泥犁中。云何為二十一？邪見意著結，非法欲欺世間邪法，貪瞋恚、懈怠、睡眠、調戲、無恥、疑、瞋恨恚、慳嫉不捨、諛諂、多無羞無恥無、妒嫉增上妒嫉、放逸意結。若有此二十一結著意者，墮惡趣生泥犁中，猶若穢垢小兒衣，彼主與染師、若染弟子，持衣鹵土、若牛糞、若土以漬之，浣濯洗令極凈。雖彼染師及染弟子持彼垢穢小兒衣，以鹵土、以灰、以牛糞、以土清凈濯洗令極凈，彼小兒衣故有黑膩。如是，若有二十一結著意者，便墮惡趣生泥犁中。云何二十一？邪見意著結至放逸意著結者。若有此二十一結著意者，墮惡趣生泥犁中；若有無二十一結著意者，便生善處天上。云何二十一？邪見意著結至放逸意著結；若無此二十一結著意者，便生善處天上。猶若波羅㮈以成衣，彼主授與染師、若染弟子，彼染師染弟子，持鹵土、灰、牛糞以漬之，浣濯洗極令凈。雖彼波羅㮈以成衣，彼染師染弟子，以鹵以灰、牛糞上以漬之，浣濯洗極令凈，波羅㮈以成衣，極清凈白。如是，若有無二十一結著意者，便生善處天上。云何為二十一？邪見意結至放逸意著者，便生善處天上。邪見意結，見已當棄，至放逸意著結，見已當棄，彼意與慈俱滿一方正受住。如是二三四上下一切諸方，意與慈俱無二無恚，極廣極大，無極分別，滿諸方已正受住。如是意與悲、喜、護，俱滿一切諸方已正受住，是為婆羅門內外洗凈，非外凈也。」

「沙門瞿曇！往詣水浴。」

「汝婆羅門！瞿曇水洗者，一切世間應戒故、應福故、應度故。」

「此瞿曇！一切世間水洗者，除一切惡故，在水凈洗濡，凡愚常樂。」

「此不得除黑黑行，用彼水凈，為在水，何所見？人作諸惡行，此水何所能凈者？有堅牢凈者，當持戒行、行清凈行，行清凈行常得應戒，若不殺盜、不妄語為得等度，梵志當住此作一切善，為得安隱。汝婆羅門！何須還家？何須水及家？汝婆羅門！寧求凈善法，何須弊惡水？但除塵垢穢。」

「瞿曇或作是念：『寧求凈善法，不須弊惡水，用除塵垢穢。』已竟，瞿曇！已竟，瞿曇！我今歸世尊、法及比丘僧。世尊！我持優婆塞，從今日始，盡命離殺而歸佛。」

佛如是說。彼諸比丘聞世尊所說，歡喜而歸

現代漢語譯本： 佛陀在郁鞞羅（摩竭陀附近）的水岸邊，獨自在樹下初成正覺。當時，有一位以水凈為修行的婆羅門，在午飯後閑逛來到世尊所在之處。世尊遠遠地看見這位婆羅門走來，便告訴眾比丘：『如果有人執著於二十一種煩惱，就會墮入惡道，生於地獄。』 『這二十一種煩惱是什麼呢？是邪見執著、以非法慾望欺騙世間、貪婪、嗔恨、懈怠、昏睡、戲弄、放逸、疑惑、怨恨、慳吝、嫉妒、不捨、諂媚、不知羞恥、嫉妒心增強、放縱的意念。如果有人執著于這二十一種煩惱，就會墮入惡道，生於地獄，就像骯髒的小孩衣服一樣。衣服的主人會交給染匠或學徒，用鹽土、牛糞或泥土浸泡，然後清洗乾淨。即使染匠或學徒用這些東西清洗，小孩的衣服仍然會有污垢。同樣，如果有人執著于這二十一種煩惱，就會墮入惡道，生於地獄。』 『這二十一種煩惱是什麼呢？從邪見執著到放逸的意念執著。如果有人執著于這二十一種煩惱，就會墮入惡道，生於地獄；如果有人沒有執著于這二十一種煩惱，就會生於善處，升入天界。』 『這二十一種煩惱是什麼呢？從邪見執著到放逸的意念執著。如果有人沒有執著于這二十一種煩惱，就會生於善處，升入天界，就像用波羅㮈布做成的衣服一樣。衣服的主人會交給染匠或學徒，他們用鹽土、灰燼、牛糞浸泡，然後清洗乾淨。即使他們用這些東西清洗，波羅㮈布做成的衣服仍然會非常潔白。同樣，如果有人沒有執著于這二十一種煩惱，就會生於善處，升入天界。』 『這二十一種煩惱是什麼呢？從邪見執著到放逸的意念執著。如果有人沒有執著于這二十一種煩惱，就會生於善處，升入天界。邪見執著，一旦認識到就應當捨棄，直到放逸的意念執著，一旦認識到就應當捨棄。他的心與慈愛同在，充滿一方，安住于正念。同樣，他的心與慈愛同在，充滿上下四方，沒有怨恨，極其廣大，沒有界限，充滿一切地方，安住于正念。同樣，他的心與悲、喜、護同在，充滿一切地方，安住于正念。這才是婆羅門真正的內外洗凈，而不是外在的清洗。』 婆羅門說：『沙門瞿曇，我經常去水邊沐浴。』 佛陀說：『婆羅門，瞿曇所說的水洗，是爲了讓世間一切眾生遵守戒律、獲得福報、得到解脫。』 婆羅門說：『瞿曇，世間一切用水洗滌的人，是爲了去除一切罪惡，在水中洗凈，這是凡夫俗子所喜歡的。』 佛陀說：『用水洗滌並不能去除罪惡的行為。你在水中洗滌，看到了什麼？如果有人做了惡行，水又有什麼能力洗凈呢？真正堅固的清凈，應當是持戒修行、行清凈的行為。行清凈的行為，才能常常遵守戒律。如果不殺生、不偷盜、不妄語，才能得到解脫。婆羅門，應當安住於此，行一切善，才能得到安穩。婆羅門，何必還要回家？何必還要水和家？婆羅門，寧可追求清凈的善法，何必執著于污穢的水？只要去除內心的塵垢。』 婆羅門說：『瞿曇，你說的「寧可追求清凈的善法，不須執著于污穢的水，只要去除內心的塵垢」，已經說完了，已經說完了！我今天皈依世尊、佛法和比丘僧。世尊，我從今天開始，終身成為優婆塞，不再殺生，皈依佛陀。』 佛陀如是說。眾比丘聽聞佛陀所說，歡喜而歸。

English version: The Buddha was at the bank of the river near Uruvilva (near Magadha), alone under a tree, having just attained enlightenment. At that time, there was a Brahmin who practiced purification through water. After his midday meal, he wandered to where the World Honored One was. The World Honored One saw the Brahmin coming from afar and told the monks, 'If someone is attached to twenty-one fetters, they will fall into evil realms and be born in hell.' 'What are these twenty-one fetters? They are: attachment to wrong views, deceiving the world with unlawful desires, greed, hatred, laziness, drowsiness, playfulness, indulgence, doubt, resentment, stinginess, jealousy, unwillingness to give, flattery, shamelessness, increased jealousy, and unrestrained thoughts. If someone is attached to these twenty-one fetters, they will fall into evil realms and be born in hell, just like a dirty child's clothes. The owner of the clothes would give them to a dyer or apprentice, who would soak them in salt earth, cow dung, or mud, and then wash them clean. Even if the dyer or apprentice washes the child's clothes with these things, the clothes will still have stains. Similarly, if someone is attached to these twenty-one fetters, they will fall into evil realms and be born in hell.' 'What are these twenty-one fetters? They range from attachment to wrong views to attachment to unrestrained thoughts. If someone is attached to these twenty-one fetters, they will fall into evil realms and be born in hell; if someone is not attached to these twenty-one fetters, they will be born in good realms, in heaven.' 'What are these twenty-one fetters? They range from attachment to wrong views to attachment to unrestrained thoughts. If someone is not attached to these twenty-one fetters, they will be born in good realms, in heaven, just like clothes made of fine linen. The owner of the clothes would give them to a dyer or apprentice, who would soak them in salt earth, ashes, or cow dung, and then wash them clean. Even if they wash them with these things, the linen clothes will still be very clean and white. Similarly, if someone is not attached to these twenty-one fetters, they will be born in good realms, in heaven.' 'What are these twenty-one fetters? They range from attachment to wrong views to attachment to unrestrained thoughts. If someone is not attached to these twenty-one fetters, they will be born in good realms, in heaven. Attachment to wrong views, once recognized, should be abandoned, up to attachment to unrestrained thoughts, once recognized, should be abandoned. Their mind is filled with loving-kindness, pervading one direction, dwelling in mindfulness. Similarly, their mind is filled with loving-kindness, pervading all four directions, without resentment, extremely vast, without limits, filling all places, dwelling in mindfulness. Similarly, their mind is filled with compassion, joy, and equanimity, pervading all places, dwelling in mindfulness. This is the true inner and outer purification of a Brahmin, not external cleansing.' The Brahmin said, 'Shramana Gautama, I often go to bathe in the water.' The Buddha said, 'Brahmin, the water cleansing that Gautama speaks of is for all beings in the world to observe precepts, gain merit, and attain liberation.' The Brahmin said, 'Gautama, all those in the world who wash with water do so to remove all evil, to be cleansed in the water, which is what ordinary people enjoy.' The Buddha said, 'Washing with water cannot remove evil actions. What do you see in washing in water? If someone does evil deeds, what power does water have to cleanse them? True and lasting purity is to uphold precepts, practice pure conduct. By practicing pure conduct, one can always observe precepts. If one does not kill, steal, or lie, one can attain liberation. Brahmin, you should abide in this, do all good, and attain peace. Brahmin, why do you need to go home? Why do you need water and a home? Brahmin, you should seek pure and good Dharma, why cling to impure water? Just remove the defilements of the mind.' The Brahmin said, 'Gautama, what you said, 「Rather seek pure and good Dharma, do not cling to impure water, just remove the defilements of the mind,」 is complete, is complete! Today, I take refuge in the World Honored One, the Dharma, and the Sangha. World Honored One, from today onwards, I will be a lay follower for the rest of my life, refraining from killing, and taking refuge in the Buddha.' The Buddha spoke thus. The monks, hearing what the Buddha said, rejoiced and departed.

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現代漢語譯本：佛說梵志計水凈經

English version: The Buddha Speaks of the Brahmin's Calculation of Water Purity Sutra