T01n0077_尊上經

大正藏第 01 冊 No. 0077 尊上經

No. 77 [No. 26(166)]

佛說尊上經

西晉月氏國三藏竺法護譯

聞如是：

一時，婆伽婆在舍衛城祇樹給孤獨園。彼時，尊者盧耶強耆，在釋䩭瘦阿練若窟中。彼時，尊者盧耶強耆，晨起而起，出窟已，在露地敷繩床，著尼師檀已，依結加趺坐。於是有天，形色極妙，過夜已來詣尊者盧耶強耆所，到已禮尊者盧耶強耆足，卻住一面已，因彼天光明，以妙光悉照窟。彼天卻住一面已，白尊者盧耶強耆曰：「比丘比丘！持賢善偈及解義不？」如是說已，彼尊者盧耶強耆報彼天曰：「此天！我不持賢善偈及解義。汝天！持此賢善偈及解義不？」如是說已，彼天報尊者盧耶強耆曰：「此比丘！我持賢善偈，不解義。」

「云何，汝天！持賢善偈而不解義？」

「此比丘！我一時世尊在羅閱祇迦蘭陀竹園，彼為諸比丘說賢善偈：

「『過去當不憶，　　當來無求念， 過去已盡滅，　　當來無所得， 謂現在之法，　　彼彼當思惟。 所念非牢固，　　智者能自覺。 得已能進行，　　何智憂命終？ 我心不離此，　　大眾不能脫， 如是堅牢住，　　晝夜不捨之。 是故賢善偈，　　人當作是觀。』

「如是，比丘！我持賢善偈而不解義。」

「云何，天！誰持賢善偈及以義？」

「此比丘！世尊在舍衛城祇樹給孤獨園，彼持此賢善偈及以義，是故汝比丘！當從世尊受持賢善偈及以義，善思惟念、諷誦持之。何以故？此比丘！彼賢善偈及以義，是義是法、行於梵行、成神通、至尊道、與涅槃相應。此族姓子，信樂學道，信樂出家，棄家學道，當持此賢善偈及以義，善思惟念、當奉持之。」彼天說已，禮尊者盧耶強耆足，繞尊者盧耶強耆已，即其處忽然不現。

於是尊者盧耶強耆，彼天還不久，在釋䩭瘦受歲。受歲過三月已，作衣已成衣，與衣缽俱行至舍衛城，次第而行至舍衛城，住舍衛城祇樹給孤獨園。於是尊者盧耶強耆至世尊所，到已禮世尊足，卻坐一面。尊者盧耶強耆卻坐一面已，白世尊曰：「唯世尊！我一時在釋䩭瘦寂靜窟中。唯世尊！晨起，起已出窟，于露地施繩床，敷尼師檀已，結加趺坐。彼時有天。形色極妙，過夜已來至我所，到已禮我足卻住一面，因彼天光明，以妙光悉照窟。彼天卻住一面已語我曰：『比丘比丘！汝持賢善偈及義不？』如是說已，我報彼天曰：『此天！我不持賢善偈及以義。汝天！持賢善偈及以義不？』如是說已，彼天報我曰：『此比丘！我持賢善偈、不解義。』『云何，汝天！持賢善偈而不解義？』『此比丘！我於一時，世尊在羅閱祇迦蘭陀竹園，彼為比丘說賢善偈而不解義，說此偈(如上故不重寫)。如是比丘！我持賢善偈而不解義。』『云何，天！此誰持賢善偈及以義？』『此比丘！世尊在舍衛城祇樹給孤獨園，彼持賢善偈及以義。是故，汝比丘！當從世尊受持此賢善偈及以義，思惟念、當奉行之。何以故？此比丘！彼賢善偈及以義，是義、是行於梵行、成神通、至等道、與涅槃相應。此族姓子，信樂學道，信樂出家，棄家學道者，當持此賢善偈及以義，善思惟念、當奉持之。』彼天說已，禮我足繞我，即其處忽然不現

現代漢語譯本： 如是我聞： 一時，佛陀住在舍衛城的祇樹給孤獨園。當時，尊者盧耶強耆住在釋䩭瘦的阿練若窟中。尊者盧耶強耆清晨起身，走出洞窟后，在空地上鋪設繩床，鋪好尼師檀，然後結跏趺坐。這時，有一位天人，形貌極其美妙，在夜晚過後，來到尊者盧耶強耆所在之處，到達后禮拜尊者盧耶強耆的腳，然後退到一旁站立。由於天人的光明，整個洞窟都被照亮。天人退到一旁后，對尊者盧耶強耆說：『比丘，你是否持誦並理解賢善偈？』說完，尊者盧耶強耆回答天人說：『天人，我不持誦也不理解賢善偈。你是否持誦並理解賢善偈？』天人回答尊者盧耶強耆說：『比丘，我持誦賢善偈，但不理解其含義。』 『為什麼，天人，你持誦賢善偈卻不理解其含義？』 『比丘，我曾經在世尊住在羅閱祇迦蘭陀竹園時，他為眾比丘宣說了賢善偈： 『過去的事不要回憶，未來的事不要期盼， 過去的事已經消逝，未來的事還未到來， 對於現在的法，應當好好思惟。 所執著的念頭並不牢固，有智慧的人能夠自覺。 得到之後能夠繼續修行，有什麼智慧會擔憂死亡？ 我的心不離開這個道理，大眾不能從中解脫， 像這樣堅固地安住，日夜都不捨棄。 因此，賢善偈，人們應當這樣觀察。』 『比丘，我就是這樣持誦賢善偈，但不理解其含義。』 『那麼，天人，誰持誦並理解賢善偈的含義呢？』 『比丘，世尊現在住在舍衛城的祇樹給孤獨園，他持誦並理解賢善偈的含義。所以，比丘，你應該從世尊那裡受持賢善偈及其含義，好好思惟、諷誦並奉行。為什麼呢？因為比丘，這賢善偈及其含義，是正義、是正法，能引導梵行，成就神通，達到至高之道，與涅槃相應。那些有善根的子弟，信樂學習佛道，信樂出家，捨棄家庭修行的人，應當持誦賢善偈及其含義，好好思惟並奉行。』天人說完，禮拜尊者盧耶強耆的腳，繞尊者盧耶強耆一圈后，就在原地忽然消失了。 於是，尊者盧耶強耆，在天人離開后不久，在釋䩭瘦度過雨季。雨季過後三個月，製作好衣服，帶著衣缽前往舍衛城，一路次第而行，到達舍衛城，住在祇樹給孤獨園。尊者盧耶強耆來到世尊所在之處，到達后禮拜世尊的腳，然後退到一旁坐下。尊者盧耶強耆退到一旁坐下後，對世尊說：『世尊，我曾經在釋䩭瘦的寂靜洞窟中。世尊，我清晨起身，走出洞窟，在空地上鋪設繩床，鋪好尼師檀，然後結跏趺坐。這時，有一位天人，形貌極其美妙，在夜晚過後，來到我所在之處，到達后禮拜我的腳，然後退到一旁站立。由於天人的光明，整個洞窟都被照亮。天人退到一旁后，對我說：『比丘，你是否持誦並理解賢善偈？』說完，我回答天人說：『天人，我不持誦也不理解賢善偈。你是否持誦並理解賢善偈？』天人回答我說：『比丘，我持誦賢善偈，但不理解其含義。』『為什麼，天人，你持誦賢善偈卻不理解其含義？』『比丘，我曾經在世尊住在羅閱祇迦蘭陀竹園時，他為眾比丘宣說了賢善偈，但不解釋其含義，說了這個偈子（如上，故不重寫）。比丘，我就是這樣持誦賢善偈，但不理解其含義。』『那麼，天人，誰持誦並理解賢善偈的含義呢？』『比丘，世尊現在住在舍衛城的祇樹給孤獨園，他持誦並理解賢善偈的含義。所以，比丘，你應該從世尊那裡受持賢善偈及其含義，思惟、奉行。為什麼呢？因為比丘，這賢善偈及其含義，是正義、是梵行，能成就神通，達到平等之道，與涅槃相應。那些有善根的子弟，信樂學習佛道，信樂出家，捨棄家庭修行的人，應當持誦賢善偈及其含義，好好思惟並奉行。』天人說完，禮拜我的腳，繞我一圈后，就在原地忽然消失了。』

English version: Thus have I heard: At one time, the Buddha was dwelling in the Jeta Grove, Anathapindika's Park, in Sravasti. At that time, the venerable Luyeqiangqi was dwelling in the secluded cave of Shishi Shou. The venerable Luyeqiangqi, having risen early in the morning, went out of the cave, spread a rope bed in the open, laid down a nisidana, and sat in the lotus position. Then, a deva, of extremely beautiful form, having come after the night, approached the place where the venerable Luyeqiangqi was. Having arrived, he bowed at the feet of the venerable Luyeqiangqi, and stood to one side. Because of the deva's light, the entire cave was illuminated. The deva, having stood to one side, said to the venerable Luyeqiangqi: 'Bhikkhu, do you hold and understand the verses of the wise?' Having said this, the venerable Luyeqiangqi replied to the deva: 'Deva, I do not hold nor understand the verses of the wise. Do you, deva, hold and understand the verses of the wise?' Having said this, the deva replied to the venerable Luyeqiangqi: 'Bhikkhu, I hold the verses of the wise, but I do not understand their meaning.' 'Why, deva, do you hold the verses of the wise but not understand their meaning?' 'Bhikkhu, at one time, when the World Honored One was dwelling in the Kalanda Bamboo Grove in Rajagriha, he spoke the verses of the wise to the bhikkhus: 'Do not recall the past, do not anticipate the future, The past has already ceased, the future has not yet come, Regarding the present dharma, one should contemplate it well. The thoughts that are clung to are not firm, the wise can be aware of themselves. Having attained, one can continue to practice, what wisdom would worry about death? My mind does not depart from this principle, the multitude cannot be liberated from it, Thus firmly abiding, day and night, do not abandon it. Therefore, the verses of the wise, people should observe in this way.' 'Bhikkhu, this is how I hold the verses of the wise, but I do not understand their meaning.' 'Then, deva, who holds and understands the meaning of the verses of the wise?' 'Bhikkhu, the World Honored One is now dwelling in the Jeta Grove, Anathapindika's Park, in Sravasti. He holds and understands the meaning of the verses of the wise. Therefore, bhikkhu, you should receive the verses of the wise and their meaning from the World Honored One, contemplate them well, recite them, and practice them. Why is that? Because, bhikkhu, these verses of the wise and their meaning are righteousness, are the Dharma, can guide the holy life, accomplish supernatural powers, reach the supreme path, and are in accordance with Nirvana. Those sons of good families who believe in learning the Way, who believe in leaving home, who have abandoned their families to practice the Way, should hold these verses of the wise and their meaning, contemplate them well, and practice them.' Having said this, the deva bowed at the feet of the venerable Luyeqiangqi, circled the venerable Luyeqiangqi, and then suddenly disappeared from that place. Then, the venerable Luyeqiangqi, not long after the deva had left, spent the rainy season in Shishi Shou. After three months had passed since the rainy season, having made his robes, he went with his robes and bowl to Sravasti, traveling in order, and arrived in Sravasti, dwelling in the Jeta Grove, Anathapindika's Park. The venerable Luyeqiangqi went to the place where the World Honored One was, and having arrived, he bowed at the feet of the World Honored One, and sat down to one side. The venerable Luyeqiangqi, having sat down to one side, said to the World Honored One: 'World Honored One, I was once in the secluded cave of Shishi Shou. World Honored One, I rose early in the morning, went out of the cave, spread a rope bed in the open, laid down a nisidana, and sat in the lotus position. Then, a deva, of extremely beautiful form, having come after the night, approached my place. Having arrived, he bowed at my feet, and stood to one side. Because of the deva's light, the entire cave was illuminated. The deva, having stood to one side, said to me: 'Bhikkhu, do you hold and understand the verses of the wise?' Having said this, I replied to the deva: 'Deva, I do not hold nor understand the verses of the wise. Do you, deva, hold and understand the verses of the wise?' Having said this, the deva replied to me: 'Bhikkhu, I hold the verses of the wise, but I do not understand their meaning.' 'Why, deva, do you hold the verses of the wise but not understand their meaning?' 'Bhikkhu, at one time, when the World Honored One was dwelling in the Kalanda Bamboo Grove in Rajagriha, he spoke the verses of the wise to the bhikkhus, but did not explain their meaning, and spoke this verse (as above, so not repeated). Bhikkhu, this is how I hold the verses of the wise, but I do not understand their meaning.' 'Then, deva, who holds and understands the meaning of the verses of the wise?' 'Bhikkhu, the World Honored One is now dwelling in the Jeta Grove, Anathapindika's Park, in Sravasti. He holds and understands the meaning of the verses of the wise. Therefore, bhikkhu, you should receive these verses of the wise and their meaning from the World Honored One, contemplate them, and practice them. Why is that? Because, bhikkhu, these verses of the wise and their meaning are righteousness, are the holy life, can accomplish supernatural powers, reach the path of equality, and are in accordance with Nirvana. Those sons of good families who believe in learning the Way, who believe in leaving home, who have abandoned their families to practice the Way, should hold these verses of the wise and their meaning, contemplate them well, and practice them.' Having said this, the deva bowed at my feet, circled me, and then suddenly disappeared from that place.'

。」

「汝強耆！知彼天名字不？」

「唯世尊！我不知彼天之名字。」

「此強耆！彼名般那末難天子，是三十三天大將。」

「今是世尊時！今是善逝時！愿世尊，當爲諸比丘，說此賢善偈及以義。從世尊聞已，比丘當奉持之。」

「是故，強耆！當善思聽之，善思惟念，我當爲說。」

「如是，世尊！」尊者盧耶強耆受世尊教。世尊告說此偈(如上故不重寫)：「云何，強耆！比丘過去憶念？此強耆！或比丘色過去，若樂、若著、于中住；過去痛想行過去識，若樂、若著、于中住。如是，強耆！比丘憶念過去。云何，強耆！比丘不憶念過去？此強耆！或比丘過去色，不樂、不著亦不于中住；過去痛想行識，不樂、不著、不于中住。如是，強耆！比丘不念過去。云何，強耆！比丘當來求念？此強耆！或比丘當來色，或樂、或著、于中住；當來痛想行識，于中樂、或著、于中住。如是，強耆！比丘當來憶念。云何，強耆！或比丘當來無求念？此強耆！或比丘色，當來不有樂、不有著、不于中住；當來痛想行識，不有樂、不有著、不于中住。如是，強耆！比丘當來無求念。云何，強耆！比丘現在法思惟？此強耆！或比丘樂於現在色，于中著、于中住；現在痛想行識，于中樂、于中著、于中住。如是，強耆！比丘現在法思惟念。云何，強耆！比丘現在當不思惟念？此強耆！或比丘現在色，不有樂、不有著、不有住，痛想行識，不有樂、不有著、不有住，比丘現在法不思惟念。」

佛如是說。尊者盧耶強耆聞世尊所說，歡喜而樂

「汝強耆！你知道那位天神的名字嗎？」 「是的，世尊！我不知道那位天神的名字。」 「這位強耆！他的名字是般那末難天子，是三十三天的將領。」 「現在是世尊的時代！現在是善逝的時代！愿世尊為眾比丘宣說這賢善的偈頌及其含義。比丘們聽聞世尊的教誨后，應當奉行。」 「因此，強耆！你應當仔細聆聽，善加思惟，我將為你解說。」 「是的，世尊！」尊者盧耶強耆接受了世尊的教誨。世尊宣說了這偈頌（如上所述，不再重複）：『強耆，比丘如何憶念過去？強耆，如果比丘對過去的色，產生喜愛、執著，並安住其中；對過去的感受、思想、行為、意識，產生喜愛、執著，並安住其中。強耆，這就是比丘憶念過去。強耆，比丘如何不憶念過去？強耆，如果比丘對過去的色，不喜愛、不執著，也不安住其中；對過去的感受、思想、行為、意識，不喜愛、不執著，也不安住其中。強耆，這就是比丘不憶念過去。強耆，比丘如何對未來產生渴求？強耆，如果比丘對未來的色，產生喜愛、執著，並安住其中；對未來的感受、思想、行為、意識，產生喜愛、執著，並安住其中。強耆，這就是比丘對未來產生憶念。強耆，比丘如何對未來不產生渴求？強耆，如果比丘對未來的色，不產生喜愛、不執著，也不安住其中；對未來的感受、思想、行為、意識，不產生喜愛、不執著，也不安住其中。強耆，這就是比丘對未來不產生渴求。強耆，比丘如何思維現在的法？強耆，如果比丘對現在的色，產生喜愛、執著，並安住其中；對現在的感受、思想、行為、意識，產生喜愛、執著，並安住其中。強耆，這就是比丘思維現在的法。強耆，比丘如何不思維現在的法？強耆，如果比丘對現在的色，不產生喜愛、不執著、不安住其中；對現在的感受、思想、行為、意識，不產生喜愛、不執著、不安住其中，比丘就不思維現在的法。』 佛陀如是說。尊者盧耶強耆聽聞世尊所說，歡喜而樂。

'Rujangqi! Do you know the name of that deva?' 'Yes, Venerable One! I do not know the name of that deva.' 'This Rujangqi! His name is Pannamala, the son of a deva, and he is a general of the Thirty-three Heavens.' 'Now is the time of the Venerable One! Now is the time of the Well-Gone One! May the Venerable One explain this virtuous verse and its meaning to the bhikkhus. Having heard the teachings of the Venerable One, the bhikkhus should uphold them.' 'Therefore, Rujangqi! You should listen carefully and contemplate well, and I will explain it to you.' 'Yes, Venerable One!' Venerable Rujangqi accepted the teachings of the Venerable One. The Venerable One spoke this verse (as mentioned above, not repeated): 'Rujangqi, how does a bhikkhu remember the past? Rujangqi, if a bhikkhu has liking and attachment for past form, and dwells in it; for past feeling, thought, action, and consciousness, has liking and attachment, and dwells in it. Rujangqi, this is how a bhikkhu remembers the past. Rujangqi, how does a bhikkhu not remember the past? Rujangqi, if a bhikkhu has no liking or attachment for past form, and does not dwell in it; for past feeling, thought, action, and consciousness, has no liking or attachment, and does not dwell in it. Rujangqi, this is how a bhikkhu does not remember the past. Rujangqi, how does a bhikkhu seek the future? Rujangqi, if a bhikkhu has liking and attachment for future form, and dwells in it; for future feeling, thought, action, and consciousness, has liking and attachment, and dwells in it. Rujangqi, this is how a bhikkhu remembers the future. Rujangqi, how does a bhikkhu not seek the future? Rujangqi, if a bhikkhu has no liking or attachment for future form, and does not dwell in it; for future feeling, thought, action, and consciousness, has no liking or attachment, and does not dwell in it. Rujangqi, this is how a bhikkhu does not seek the future. Rujangqi, how does a bhikkhu contemplate the present dharma? Rujangqi, if a bhikkhu has liking and attachment for present form, and dwells in it; for present feeling, thought, action, and consciousness, has liking and attachment, and dwells in it. Rujangqi, this is how a bhikkhu contemplates the present dharma. Rujangqi, how does a bhikkhu not contemplate the present dharma? Rujangqi, if a bhikkhu has no liking, attachment, or dwelling in present form; for present feeling, thought, action, and consciousness, has no liking, attachment, or dwelling, then the bhikkhu does not contemplate the present dharma.' Thus spoke the Buddha. Venerable Rujangqi, having heard what the Venerable One said, was delighted and joyful.

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現代漢語譯本：佛說尊上經

English version: The Sutra of the Honored One, as spoken by the Buddha