T01n0088_優陂夷墮舍迦經

大正藏第 01 冊 No. 0088 優陂夷墮舍迦經

No. 88 [No. 26(202), Nos. 87, 89]

優陂夷墮舍迦經

失譯人名今附宋錄

聞如是：

一時，佛在舍衛國止。城東出，有女人子字蕪耶樓，人呼為蕪耶樓母，佛在蕪耶樓母家殿上坐。有一女人奉持教戒，字墮舍迦，以月十五日朝起沐浴，有七子婦皆使沐浴著好衣，日未中因飯，飯已澡手，將七子婦至佛所，前為佛作禮。佛言：「就座。」皆卻就座。佛問優陂夷墮舍迦：「今日何等沐浴著好衣，與子婦俱至佛所？」墮舍迦言：「今日十五日我齋戒，我聞一月當六齋，我與子婦俱共齋，不敢懈慢。」

佛告墮舍迦：「佛正齋法有八戒，使人得度世道，不復墮三惡處，所生常有福祐，亦從八戒本因緣致成佛。

「何等為佛正齋法？是間有賢善人持戒，一月六日齋，月八日一齋，十四日一齋，十五日一齋，二十三日一齋，二十九日一齋，三十日一齋。齋日朝起，告家中言：『今日我身齋，家中今一日，且莫飲酒、莫斗諍、莫道說錢財，家中事意所念、口所說，當如阿羅漢

現代漢語譯本 大正藏第 01 冊 No. 0088 《優陂夷墮舍迦經》

《優陂夷墮舍迦經》

失譯人名，今附宋錄

我聽聞是這樣的：

一時，佛陀在舍衛國居住。在城東邊，有一個女人的兒子名叫蕪耶樓，人們稱她為蕪耶樓母。佛陀在蕪耶樓母家的殿堂上坐著。有一個名叫墮舍迦的女人，她奉持教戒，在每月十五日早上起來沐浴，並讓她的七個兒媳都沐浴穿上好衣服。在中午吃飯前，吃完飯後洗手，她帶著七個兒媳來到佛陀所在的地方，上前向佛陀行禮。佛陀說：『請就座。』她們都退後就座。佛陀問優陂夷墮舍迦：『今天你為何沐浴穿好衣服，和兒媳們一起來到我這裡？』墮舍迦說：『今天是十五日，我持齋戒。我聽說一個月應當有六個齋日，我和兒媳們一起持齋，不敢懈怠。』

佛陀告訴墮舍迦：『佛陀真正的齋法有八戒，能使人得度脫離世俗的道路，不再墮入三惡道，所生之處常有福佑，也是從這八戒的根本因緣最終成就佛果。』

『什麼是佛陀真正的齋法呢？這裡有賢善之人持戒，一個月有六個齋日，分別是初八、十四、十五、二十三、二十九和三十日。在齋日早上起來，告訴家人說：『今天我持齋，家中今天一天，不要飲酒、不要爭鬥、不要談論錢財，家中所有的事情，心中所想的、口中所說的，都應當像阿羅漢一樣。』

English version Taisho Tripitaka Volume 01, No. 0088, Upasika Dutasaka Sutra

Upasika Dutasaka Sutra

Translator's name lost, now appended to the Song record

Thus have I heard:

At one time, the Buddha was dwelling in the country of Savatthi. To the east of the city, there was a woman whose son was named Vuyalou, and people called her Vuyalou's mother. The Buddha was sitting in the hall of Vuyalou's mother's house. There was a woman named Dutasaka who observed the precepts. On the morning of the fifteenth day of the month, she bathed and had her seven daughters-in-law bathe and put on fine clothes. Before the midday meal, after eating and washing their hands, she led her seven daughters-in-law to where the Buddha was, and they bowed before the Buddha. The Buddha said, 'Please be seated.' They all retreated and sat down. The Buddha asked Upasika Dutasaka, 'Why have you bathed and put on fine clothes today, and come here with your daughters-in-law?' Dutasaka said, 'Today is the fifteenth day, and I am observing the fast. I have heard that there should be six fast days in a month, and I am observing the fast with my daughters-in-law, not daring to be negligent.'

The Buddha told Dutasaka, 'The Buddha's true fasting practice has eight precepts, which enable people to be liberated from the worldly path, no longer fall into the three evil realms, and be born with blessings. It is also from the fundamental causes and conditions of these eight precepts that one ultimately attains Buddhahood.'

'What is the Buddha's true fasting practice? Here, there are virtuous people who observe the precepts, and there are six fast days in a month, namely the eighth, fourteenth, fifteenth, twenty-third, twenty-ninth, and thirtieth days. On the morning of the fast day, they tell their family members, 'Today I am observing the fast. For this one day, do not drink alcohol, do not quarrel, do not talk about money. All matters in the household, what is thought in the mind, and what is spoken by the mouth, should be like an Arhat.'

---

。』阿羅漢無殺意，齋日持戒亦當如阿羅漢，無殺意、無捶擊意，念畜生及蟲蛾，使常生，如阿羅漢意，是為一戒。今日與夜持殺意使不得殺，持意如是，為佛一戒。」

佛言：「齋日持意當如阿羅漢無貪心，無所貪慕於世間，無貪毛菜之意。齋日如是持意如阿羅漢，富有者，當唸作佈施，貧無有者，常當念施，是為二戒。」

佛言：「齋日持意當如阿羅漢，阿羅漢不畜婦亦不念婦，亦不貪女人亦無淫意。齋日如是持意如阿羅漢，是為三戒。」

佛言：「齋日持意當如阿羅漢，不妄語、不傷人意，語即說佛經，不語者但念諸善。齋日如是持意如阿羅漢，是為四戒。」

佛言：「齋日持意當如阿羅漢，阿羅漢不飲酒，不念酒、不思酒，用酒為惡。齋日如是持意如阿羅漢，是為五戒。」

佛言：「齋日持意當如阿羅漢，阿羅漢意不在歌舞，聞亦不喜音樂聲，亦不在香華氣。齋日如是持意如阿羅漢，是為六戒。」

佛言：「齋日持意當如阿羅漢，阿羅漢不于高好床臥，意亦不念高好床上臥。齋日如是持意如阿羅漢，是為七戒。」

佛言：「齋日持意當如阿羅漢，阿羅漢日中及食，日中已后至明不得復食，得飲蜜漿。齋日如是持意如阿羅漢，是為八戒

現代漢語譯本：佛說：『阿羅漢沒有殺生的意念，齋戒日持守戒律也應當像阿羅漢一樣，沒有殺生的意念，沒有捶打傷害的意念，心中想著畜生和蟲蛾，希望它們能夠生存，像阿羅漢的意念一樣，這是第一條戒律。今天和夜晚都要持守不殺生的意念，像這樣持守意念，是佛陀的一條戒律。』 佛說：『齋戒日持守意念應當像阿羅漢一樣沒有貪心，不貪圖世間的一切，沒有貪戀蔬菜的意念。齋戒日像這樣持守意念像阿羅漢一樣，富有的人，應當想著佈施，貧窮沒有的人，也應當常常想著佈施，這是第二條戒律。』 佛說：『齋戒日持守意念應當像阿羅漢一樣，阿羅漢不蓄養妻子也不思念妻子，也不貪戀女人也沒有淫慾的意念。齋戒日像這樣持守意念像阿羅漢一樣，這是第三條戒律。』 佛說：『齋戒日持守意念應當像阿羅漢一樣，不說謊話，不傷害別人的心意，說話就說佛經，不說話就只想著各種善事。齋戒日像這樣持守意念像阿羅漢一樣，這是第四條戒律。』 佛說：『齋戒日持守意念應當像阿羅漢一樣，阿羅漢不喝酒，不想著酒，不思念酒，認為酒是惡的。齋戒日像這樣持守意念像阿羅漢一樣，這是第五條戒律。』 佛說：『齋戒日持守意念應當像阿羅漢一樣，阿羅漢的心不在歌舞上，聽到音樂的聲音也不喜歡，也不在乎香花的氣味。齋戒日像這樣持守意念像阿羅漢一樣，這是第六條戒律。』 佛說：『齋戒日持守意念應當像阿羅漢一樣，阿羅漢不睡在高好床上，心裡也不想著睡在高好床上。齋戒日像這樣持守意念像阿羅漢一樣，這是第七條戒律。』 佛說：『齋戒日持守意念應當像阿羅漢一樣，阿羅漢在中午吃飯，中午過後到第二天早上不再吃飯，可以喝蜜漿。齋戒日像這樣持守意念像阿羅漢一樣，這是第八條戒律。』

English version: The Buddha said, 'An Arhat has no intention to kill. On a fast day, one should also observe the precepts like an Arhat, having no intention to kill, no intention to strike or harm. One should think of animals and insects, wishing them to live, just like the mind of an Arhat. This is the first precept. Today and tonight, one should maintain the intention not to kill. Maintaining this intention is one of the Buddha's precepts.' The Buddha said, 'On a fast day, one should maintain the intention like an Arhat, having no greed, not craving anything in the world, not having the intention to covet even the simplest vegetables. On a fast day, maintaining the intention like an Arhat, the wealthy should think of giving alms, and the poor who have nothing should also constantly think of giving. This is the second precept.' The Buddha said, 'On a fast day, one should maintain the intention like an Arhat. An Arhat does not keep a wife, nor does he think of a wife, nor does he lust after women, nor does he have any sexual desire. On a fast day, maintaining the intention like an Arhat, this is the third precept.' The Buddha said, 'On a fast day, one should maintain the intention like an Arhat, not telling lies, not hurting others' feelings. If one speaks, one should speak of the Buddha's teachings. If one does not speak, one should only think of good deeds. On a fast day, maintaining the intention like an Arhat, this is the fourth precept.' The Buddha said, 'On a fast day, one should maintain the intention like an Arhat. An Arhat does not drink alcohol, does not think of alcohol, does not crave alcohol, and considers alcohol to be evil. On a fast day, maintaining the intention like an Arhat, this is the fifth precept.' The Buddha said, 'On a fast day, one should maintain the intention like an Arhat. An Arhat's mind is not on singing and dancing, nor does he enjoy the sound of music, nor does he care about the fragrance of flowers. On a fast day, maintaining the intention like an Arhat, this is the sixth precept.' The Buddha said, 'On a fast day, one should maintain the intention like an Arhat. An Arhat does not sleep on a high and comfortable bed, nor does he think of sleeping on a high and comfortable bed. On a fast day, maintaining the intention like an Arhat, this is the seventh precept.' The Buddha said, 'On a fast day, one should maintain the intention like an Arhat. An Arhat eats at midday, and after midday until the next morning, he does not eat again, but he may drink honey water. On a fast day, maintaining the intention like an Arhat, this is the eighth precept.'

。」

佛復告優陂夷墮舍迦：「是間有人，頭髮有垢自沐其頭，沐已其人便喜言：『我頭垢已去。』有人持八戒一日一夜者，明日即喜，喜者便念：『佛經戒乃如是。』其有人，心中有惡意即去，善意即還。」

佛言：「有人身體饒垢入水中治，身垢皆去。出水即喜言：『我垢去身輕。』其有人齋戒一日一夜，明日即喜唸佛正語，自念：『當何時得道，使我心不復動、不復走，使我心一，志無為之道。』」佛言：「有人衣多垢，以得灰浣之垢去，其人即喜。其有人齋戒一日一夜，明日即喜，便念比丘僧，言：『比丘僧中，有須陀洹、斯陀含、阿那含、阿羅漢。』念比丘僧如是。」

佛言：「如人有鏡，鏡有垢，磨去其垢鏡即明。其有人齋戒一日一夜，有慈心於天下，心開如明如鏡者，不當有瞋怒意。其有人一日一夜齋戒，閱哀天下，凈心自思自端其意，自思念身中惡露如是，如是者不當復瞋怒。」

佛告優陂夷墮舍迦：「持八戒齋一日一夜不失者，勝持金銀珠璣施與比丘僧也

佛陀又告訴優陂夷墮舍迦：『這裡有人，頭髮有污垢，自己洗頭，洗完后這個人就高興地說：『我頭上的污垢已經去除了。』有人持守八關齋戒一日一夜，第二天就感到高興，高興時就想：『佛經的戒律竟然是這樣的。』有的人，心中有惡意就離開，有善意就回來。』 佛說：『有人身體有很多污垢，進入水中清洗，身上的污垢都去除了。出水后就高興地說：『我的污垢去除了，身體輕快了。』有的人齋戒一日一夜，第二天就高興地念佛的正語，自己想：『什麼時候才能得道，使我的心不再動搖、不再奔走，使我的心專一，志向于無為之道。』』佛說：『有人衣服有很多污垢，用灰洗滌后污垢去除，這個人就高興。有的人齋戒一日一夜，第二天就高興，就想到比丘僧，說：『比丘僧中，有須陀洹、斯陀含、阿那含、阿羅漢。』這樣思念比丘僧。』 佛說：『就像人有鏡子，鏡子有污垢，磨去污垢鏡子就明亮。有的人齋戒一日一夜，對天下有慈悲心，心像明鏡一樣開闊，就不應該有嗔怒的意念。有的人一日一夜齋戒，憐憫天下，凈化自己的心，端正自己的意念，自己思念身體中的污穢不凈是這樣的，這樣的人就不應該再有嗔怒。』 佛告訴優陂夷墮舍迦：『持守八關齋戒一日一夜而不失壞的人，勝過用金銀珠寶佈施給比丘僧。』

The Buddha further told Upasika Dushaka: 'Here, there is a person whose hair is dirty, and they wash their head themselves. After washing, this person is happy and says: 『The dirt on my head has been removed.』 Someone who observes the eight precepts for one day and one night is happy the next day, and when happy, they think: 『The precepts of the Buddhist scriptures are like this.』 Some people, when they have evil intentions, leave, and when they have good intentions, they return.' The Buddha said: 'If someone's body is full of dirt, they go into the water to wash, and all the dirt on their body is removed. After coming out of the water, they are happy and say: 『My dirt is gone, and my body is light.』 Someone who fasts for one day and one night is happy the next day and recites the Buddha's correct words, thinking to themselves: 『When will I attain enlightenment, so that my heart will no longer waver or wander, so that my heart will be focused, and my will will be on the path of non-action?』 The Buddha said: 『If someone's clothes are very dirty, and they wash them with ash, the dirt is removed, and that person is happy. Someone who fasts for one day and one night is happy the next day, and they think of the monastic community, saying: 『In the monastic community, there are Srotapannas, Sakrdagamins, Anagamins, and Arhats.』 They think of the monastic community in this way.』 The Buddha said: 『It is like a person who has a mirror, and the mirror is dirty. When the dirt is polished away, the mirror becomes clear. Someone who fasts for one day and one night has a compassionate heart for the world, and their heart is as open and clear as a mirror, and they should not have any intention of anger. Someone who fasts for one day and one night, pities the world, purifies their own heart, corrects their own intentions, and reflects on the filth and impurity of their own body in this way, such a person should not be angry again.』 The Buddha told Upasika Dushaka: 『One who observes the eight precepts for one day and one night without breaking them is superior to giving gold, silver, and jewels to the monastic community.』

。天下有十六大國，一者名鴦迦，二者名摩竭，三者名迦夷，四者名拘薛羅，五者名鳩溜，六者名般阇荼，七者名阿波耶？八者名阿洹提渝，九者名脂提渝，十者名越祇渝，十一者名速摩，十二者名速賴吒，十三者名越蹉，十四者名末羅，十五者名渝匿，十六者名劍善提。是十六大國中珍寶物施與比丘僧，不如齋戒一日一夜也。齋戒使人得度世道，以財寶施與，不能使人得道。今我得佛道，本從是八戒起。」

佛告墮舍迦：「天下人多憂家事，我用是故，使一月六齋持八戒。若有賢善人，欲急得阿羅漢道者，若欲疾得佛道者，若欲生天上者，能自端其心、一其意者，一月十五日齋亦善，二十日齋亦善；人多憂家事，故與一月六齋。六日齋者，譬如海水不可斛量，其有齋戒一日一夜者，其福不可計。」

佛告墮舍迦：「且將子婦歸，誦唸是正齋法八戒也。」

優陂夷墮舍迦，前為佛作禮而去

現代漢語譯本：天下有十六個大國，第一個叫鴦迦，第二個叫摩竭，第三個叫迦夷，第四個叫拘薛羅，第五個叫鳩溜，第六個叫般阇荼，第七個叫阿波耶，第八個叫阿洹提渝，第九個叫脂提渝，第十個叫越祇渝，第十一個叫速摩，第十二個叫速賴吒，第十三個叫越蹉，第十四個叫末羅，第十五個叫渝匿，第十六個叫劍善提。這十六個大國中，用珍寶財物佈施給比丘僧，不如齋戒一日一夜的功德。齋戒能使人超脫世俗之道，用財寶佈施，不能使人得道。我今天能證得佛道，根本是從這八戒開始的。 佛告訴墮舍迦：『世上的人大多為家事憂愁，我因此才規定一個月六齋持八戒。如果有賢善之人，想要快速證得阿羅漢道，或者想要快速證得佛道，或者想要往生天界，能夠端正自己的心念、專一自己的意志，一個月十五日齋戒也很好，二十日齋戒也很好；因為人們大多為家事憂愁，所以才規定一個月六齋。六日齋戒，就像海水不可用斗來衡量一樣，能夠齋戒一日一夜的人，他的福報是不可計量的。』 佛告訴墮舍迦：『你先帶你的兒媳回去，誦唸這正確的齋戒法八戒吧。』 優陂夷墮舍迦，上前向佛行禮后離去。

English version: There are sixteen great countries in the world. The first is called Anga, the second is called Magadha, the third is called Kasi, the fourth is called Kosala, the fifth is called Kuru, the sixth is called Panchala, the seventh is called Avanti, the eighth is called Avanti, the ninth is called Chedi, the tenth is called Vajji, the eleventh is called Surasena, the twelfth is called Saurashtra, the thirteenth is called Vatsa, the fourteenth is called Malla, the fifteenth is called Yaudheya, and the sixteenth is called Kamboja. Among these sixteen great countries, giving treasures and wealth to the monks is not as meritorious as observing a fast for one day and one night. Fasting enables people to transcend the worldly path, while giving wealth cannot enable people to attain enlightenment. Today, I have attained Buddhahood, which fundamentally started from these eight precepts. The Buddha told Dushaka, 'Most people in the world are worried about family matters. Therefore, I have prescribed six fast days a month to observe the eight precepts. If there are virtuous people who wish to quickly attain the path of Arhat, or wish to quickly attain Buddhahood, or wish to be reborn in heaven, and can rectify their minds and focus their will, then fasting for fifteen days a month is also good, and fasting for twenty days is also good. Because people are mostly worried about family matters, I have prescribed six fast days a month. The six days of fasting are like the sea, which cannot be measured by a bushel. The merit of those who observe a fast for one day and one night is immeasurable.' The Buddha told Dushaka, 'First, take your daughter-in-law home and recite these correct fasting methods, the eight precepts.' The Upasika Dushaka bowed to the Buddha and then left.

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'Upali Sutta'