T02n0121_佛說月喻經

大正藏第 02 冊 No. 0121 佛說月喻經

No. 121 [Nos. 99(1136), 100(111)]

佛說月喻經

西天譯經三藏傳法大師賜紫臣施護奉　詔譯

如是我聞：

一時，世尊在王舍城，迦蘭陀竹林精舍，與苾芻眾俱。是時，世尊告諸苾芻言：「如世所見，皎月圓滿，行於虛空，清凈無礙。而諸苾芻，不破威儀，常如初臘者，具足慚愧，若身若心，曾無散亂，如其法儀，入白衣舍，清凈無染，亦復如是。諸苾芻！又如明眼人，或入大水深廣之中、或涉江河險惡之處、或履山巖高下之所，以明眼故，而悉能見，離諸疑懼。如前所說，苾芻亦然。諸苾芻！今我所說，猶月行空，清凈無礙。譬明眼人，涉履諸險，離諸疑懼。而迦葉苾芻，不破威儀，常如初臘者，具足慚愧，若身若心，曾無散亂，如其法儀。入白衣舍，清凈無染。離諸怯懼，亦復如是。」

爾時，世尊復告諸苾芻言：「汝等苾芻，若入白衣舍時，當起何心、當以何相而入其舍？」

諸苾芻白佛言：「世尊！佛是所歸向，佛為諸法本，佛為清凈眼，我等不知是義云何？愿佛世尊，善為宣說，令諸苾芻，聞已了知

現代漢語譯本：一時，世尊在王舍城迦蘭陀竹林精舍，與眾比丘在一起。當時，世尊告訴眾比丘說：『正如世人所見，皎潔的月亮圓滿，在虛空中執行，清凈無礙。而各位比丘，不破壞威儀，常常像剛受戒的比丘一樣，具足慚愧心，無論是身還是心，都不曾散亂，按照佛法儀軌，進入在家居士的住所，清凈無染，也應當如此。各位比丘！又如明眼之人，或者進入深廣的水中，或者涉過江河險惡之處，或者行走在高低不平的山巖上，因為有明亮的眼睛，所以都能看見，遠離各種疑慮和恐懼。正如前面所說，比丘也應當如此。各位比丘！現在我所說的，就像月亮在空中執行，清凈無礙。又像明眼之人，行走在各種險境，遠離各種疑慮和恐懼。而迦葉比丘，不破壞威儀，常常像剛受戒的比丘一樣，具足慚愧心，無論是身還是心，都不曾散亂，按照佛法儀軌，進入在家居士的住所，清凈無染，遠離各種怯懦和恐懼，也應當如此。』當時，世尊又告訴眾比丘說：『你們各位比丘，如果進入在家居士的住所時，應當生起什麼樣的心，應當以什麼樣的心態進入他們的住所呢？』眾比丘對佛說：『世尊！佛是我們所歸依的，佛是諸法的根本，佛是清凈的眼睛，我們不知道這個道理是什麼？希望佛世尊，為我們好好地宣說，讓各位比丘聽了之後能夠明白。』

English version: Thus have I heard: At one time, the World Honored One was in the city of Rajagrha, at the Karanda Bamboo Grove Monastery, together with a gathering of monks. At that time, the World Honored One said to the monks: 'As the world sees, the bright moon is full, moving in the empty sky, pure and unobstructed. And you monks, not breaking your dignified conduct, always like newly ordained monks, possessing a sense of shame and remorse, whether in body or mind, never scattered, according to the Dharma's rules, entering the homes of laypeople, pure and undefiled, should also be like this. Monks! Also, like a person with clear eyes, whether entering deep and vast waters, or crossing dangerous rivers, or walking on high and low mountain rocks, because of their clear eyes, they can see everything, and are free from all doubts and fears. As said before, monks should also be like this. Monks! What I am saying now is like the moon moving in the sky, pure and unobstructed. It is like a person with clear eyes, walking through various dangers, free from all doubts and fears. And the monk Kasyapa, not breaking his dignified conduct, always like a newly ordained monk, possessing a sense of shame and remorse, whether in body or mind, never scattered, according to the Dharma's rules, entering the homes of laypeople, pure and undefiled, free from all timidity and fear, should also be like this.' At that time, the World Honored One again said to the monks: 'You monks, when entering the homes of laypeople, what kind of mind should you generate, and with what kind of attitude should you enter their homes?' The monks said to the Buddha: 'World Honored One! The Buddha is our refuge, the Buddha is the root of all Dharmas, the Buddha is the pure eye, we do not know what this meaning is? We hope that the World Honored One will explain it well for us, so that the monks, after hearing it, can understand.'

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佛言：「諸苾芻！汝等諦聽，當善作意，今為汝說。若諸苾芻，欲入白衣舍時，應起無著無縛無執取心，依律儀相而入其舍，雖受利養，但欲為彼作諸福事，隨自所得份量而受。復善作意，于自不高，於他不下。起如是心，以如是相，應入白衣舍。」

爾時，世尊舉手捫空，告苾芻眾言：「于汝意云何？虛空有著不？有縛不？有執取不？」

諸苾芻言：「不也。世尊！」

佛言：「若苾芻，以無著無縛無執取心，入白衣舍，亦復如是。」

爾時，世尊又復舉手捫空，告苾芻眾言：「諸苾芻！于汝意云何？虛空有著不？有縛不？有執取不？」

佛言：「迦葉苾芻亦復如是，以無著無縛無執取心，入白衣舍，雖受利養，但欲為彼作諸福事，隨自所得份量而受。復善作意，于自不高，於他不下。諸苾芻！以是義故，如迦葉苾芻者，應入白衣舍，堪受利養。」

爾時，諸苾芻重白佛言：「世尊！若諸苾芻為白衣說法時，或有清凈、或不清凈，其事云何？愿佛世尊，善為宣說。」

佛言：「諸苾芻！汝等諦聽，當善作意，今為汝說

現代漢語譯本佛說：『各位比丘！你們仔細聽，要好好用心思考，我現在為你們解說。如果各位比丘想要進入在家居士的住所時，應當生起無執著、無束縛、無貪取的心，依照戒律的規範進入他們的住所。即使接受供養，也只是爲了給他們做各種善事，並按照自己所得的份額接受。還要好好用心思考，不抬高自己，不貶低他人。生起這樣的心，以這樣的態度，才應該進入在家居士的住所。』當時，世尊舉起手在空中摸索，告訴比丘們說：『你們認為怎麼樣？虛空有執著嗎？有束縛嗎？有貪取嗎？』各位比丘說：『沒有的，世尊！』佛說：『如果比丘以無執著、無束縛、無貪取的心進入在家居士的住所，也是這樣的。』當時，世尊又舉起手在空中摸索，告訴比丘們說：『各位比丘！你們認為怎麼樣？虛空有執著嗎？有束縛嗎？有貪取嗎？』佛說：『迦葉比丘也是這樣，以無執著、無束縛、無貪取的心進入在家居士的住所，即使接受供養，也只是爲了給他們做各種善事，並按照自己所得的份額接受。還要好好用心思考，不抬高自己，不貶低他人。各位比丘！因為這個道理，像迦葉比丘這樣的人，才應該進入在家居士的住所，堪受供養。』當時，各位比丘再次稟告佛說：『世尊！如果各位比丘為在家居士說法時，所說內容有清凈的，也有不清凈的，這又該如何呢？希望佛世尊，能好好地為我們解說。』佛說：『各位比丘！你們仔細聽，要好好用心思考，我現在為你們解說。

English version The Buddha said, 'Monks! Listen carefully and pay close attention, I will now explain it to you. If monks wish to enter the homes of lay people, they should arise with a mind free from attachment, bondage, and grasping. They should enter their homes in accordance with the precepts. Even if they receive offerings, it should only be to perform meritorious deeds for them, and they should accept according to their share. They should also pay close attention, not elevating themselves nor belittling others. With such a mind and such an attitude, they should enter the homes of lay people.' At that time, the World Honored One raised his hand and felt the air, and said to the monks, 'What do you think? Does the void have attachment? Does it have bondage? Does it have grasping?' The monks said, 'No, World Honored One!' The Buddha said, 'If a monk enters the home of a lay person with a mind free from attachment, bondage, and grasping, it is the same.' At that time, the World Honored One again raised his hand and felt the air, and said to the monks, 'Monks! What do you think? Does the void have attachment? Does it have bondage? Does it have grasping?' The Buddha said, 'The monk Kasyapa is also like this. He enters the homes of lay people with a mind free from attachment, bondage, and grasping. Even if he receives offerings, it is only to perform meritorious deeds for them, and he accepts according to his share. He also pays close attention, not elevating himself nor belittling others. Monks! Because of this principle, those like the monk Kasyapa should enter the homes of lay people and are worthy of receiving offerings.' At that time, the monks again reported to the Buddha, 'World Honored One! If monks preach the Dharma to lay people, and what they say is sometimes pure and sometimes impure, what should be done? We hope that the World Honored One will explain it well for us.' The Buddha said, 'Monks! Listen carefully and pay close attention, I will now explain it to you.'

。若苾芻，為欲令他發起信心，及作信心事給施衣服、飲食、坐臥之具、病緣醫藥，以是利故，為他說法者，此不清凈。若苾芻，于佛所說法，安住正見，離諸染污，如煉真金，去除礦穢，見如是法，證如是法，如佛所發起，是法能離生、老、病、死、憂、悲、苦惱，以如是法，為他演說，令他得聞如是法已，隨順修行，于長夜中，得大利樂，以此緣故，發生慈心悲愍等心，由是因故，令佛正法得久住世。諸苾芻！若起如是心，為他說法者，斯則清凈。

「複次，諸苾芻！汝等當知，迦葉苾芻能起清凈心，為他說法，以清凈故，令佛正法得久住世。是故汝等諸苾芻眾，亦應如是，如理修學。

「又，諸苾芻！若有能起如是心，為他說法者，我說名為最上清凈真實，能令如來正法得久住世。」

佛說此經已。諸苾芻眾，歡喜信受

現代漢語譯本：如果比丘爲了使他人發起信心，或者爲了做一些能使人產生信心的事，而佈施衣服、飲食、床鋪、醫藥等，以此利益為目的而為他人說法，這是不清凈的。如果比丘對於佛陀所說的法，安住于正見，遠離各種染污，如同鍊金一樣去除雜質，見到這樣的法，證得這樣的法，如同佛陀所發起的那樣，此法能夠使人脫離生、老、病、死、憂愁、悲傷、痛苦和煩惱，以這樣的法為他人演說，使他人聽聞此法后，能夠隨順修行，在漫長的歲月中獲得巨大的利益和快樂，因此而生起慈悲憐憫之心，由此因緣，使佛陀的正法得以長久住世。諸位比丘！如果生起這樣的心，為他人說法，這才是清凈的。現代漢語譯本：『再者，諸位比丘！你們應當知道，迦葉比丘能夠生起清凈心，為他人說法，因為他的清凈，使得佛陀的正法得以長久住世。因此，你們這些比丘眾，也應當像他一樣，如理如法地修學。現代漢語譯本：『還有，諸位比丘！如果有人能夠生起這樣的心，為他人說法，我說這是最上清凈真實的，能夠使如來的正法得以長久住世。』現代漢語譯本：佛陀說完這部經后，眾比丘們歡喜信受。

English version: If a bhikkhu, for the purpose of making others develop faith, or to do things that generate faith, gives clothes, food, bedding, and medicine, and for this benefit, preaches the Dharma to others, this is not pure. If a bhikkhu, regarding the Dharma spoken by the Buddha, dwells in right view, is free from all defilements, like refining gold to remove impurities, sees such Dharma, realizes such Dharma, as initiated by the Buddha, this Dharma can liberate from birth, old age, sickness, death, sorrow, grief, suffering, and distress. If one expounds such Dharma to others, so that they, having heard this Dharma, can follow and practice it, and in the long night, obtain great benefit and joy, and thus generate compassion and pity, and by this cause, the Buddha's true Dharma can abide in the world for a long time. Bhikkhus! If one arises with such a mind to preach the Dharma to others, this is pure. English version: 'Furthermore, bhikkhus! You should know that the bhikkhu Kasyapa can generate a pure mind to preach the Dharma to others, and because of his purity, the Buddha's true Dharma can abide in the world for a long time. Therefore, you bhikkhus should also be like him, practicing and learning according to the Dharma.' English version: 'Also, bhikkhus! If there is anyone who can generate such a mind to preach the Dharma to others, I say that this is the most supreme, pure, and true, and can make the Tathagata's true Dharma abide in the world for a long time.' English version: After the Buddha finished speaking this sutra, the bhikkhus joyfully accepted and believed it.

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The Buddha's Discourse on the Moon Simile