T02n0141_佛說阿速達經

大正藏第 02 冊 No. 0141 佛說阿速達經

No. 141 [No. 125(51.9), 142-143]

佛說阿遬達經

宋天竺三藏求那跋陀羅譯

聞如是：

佛在舍衛國，告諸比丘：「皆聽我所言致難，父母生子養育哺乳，長大欲令見日月光，父母以天下萬物示子，欲令知善惡。諸比丘！如是子以一肩負父，復以一肩負母，至壽竟乃止，復以天珍寶、明月珠、玉璧、琉璃、珊瑚，自生禽獸白珠，皆以著身上，尚未足報償父母恩。父母喜殺生，子能諫止父母，令不復殺生；父母有噁心，子常諫止，令常念善無有噁心；父母愚癡少智不知經道，以佛經告之；父母貪狼嫉妒，子從順諫之；父母不知善惡，子稍以順告之。諸比丘！子當如是。為人作子，衣服欲好於父母，食慾甘於父母，語欲高父母上，至死後當入地獄中。為人作子，當孝順事父母，持行如是者，死當生天上。」諸比丘皆稽首，俱聞善教。

佛言：「有大賢者優婆塞字遬達，為子取婦，婦字玉耶。玉耶大豪富家女，不以姑妐之禮事遬達，亦不敬其夫婿積數年。遬達亦賢者優婆塞，不言不語，到佛所自責：『我為子取婦，國中豪富家子，心大歡喜。今事我數年，憍慢自恣不以婦禮，愿佛明日自屈到我家。』佛默然不應，默然不應者旦日欲往。明日佛到遬達家，其婦不出，佛以神化之，心喜，乃出見佛，前為佛作禮。佛言：『汝為人作婦，用何事夫婿？』玉耶言：『當以身事夫。』佛言：『婦人事夫有三惡四善

現代漢語譯本如是我聞：佛陀在舍衛國，告訴眾比丘：『你們都聽我說關於難以報答的恩情。父母生育子女，養育哺乳，長大后希望他們能見到日月的光明。父母用天下萬物給子女看，希望他們能分辨善惡。諸位比丘！如果子女用一個肩膀扛著父親，再用一個肩膀扛著母親，直到壽命終結，又用天上的珍寶、明月珠、玉璧、琉璃、珊瑚，以及自然產生的禽獸白珠，都佩戴在身上，仍然不足以報答父母的恩情。如果父母喜歡殺生，子女能夠勸諫阻止父母，使他們不再殺生；如果父母有惡念，子女常常勸諫阻止，使他們常常想著善事而沒有惡念；如果父母愚癡少智，不瞭解佛經的道理，就用佛經告訴他們；如果父母貪婪嫉妒，子女要順著勸諫他們；如果父母不明白善惡，子女要慢慢地順著告訴他們。諸位比丘！子女應當這樣做。如果作為子女，衣服想要比父母好，食物想要比父母甘美，說話想要高過父母，死後應當墮入地獄。作為子女，應當孝順侍奉父母，能夠這樣做的，死後應當升入天上。』眾比丘都叩頭，一起聽聞佛陀的教誨。佛陀說：『有一位大賢者優婆塞，名叫遬達，為兒子娶妻，妻子名叫玉耶。玉耶是豪富人家的女兒，不以媳婦的禮節對待遬達，也不尊敬她的丈夫，已經好幾年了。遬達也是賢者優婆塞，不說話也不責備，到佛陀那裡自責說：『我為兒子娶妻，是國中豪富人家的女兒，我心裡非常高興。現在她侍奉我幾年了，卻驕傲放縱，不以媳婦的禮節對待我，希望佛陀明天能屈尊到我家來。』佛陀默然不語，默然不語的意思是第二天要前往。第二天，佛陀到了遬達家，他的妻子不出來，佛陀用神力感化她，她心裡歡喜，才出來拜見佛陀，上前向佛陀行禮。佛陀說：『你作為人家的妻子，用什麼來侍奉丈夫？』玉耶說：『應當用身體侍奉丈夫。』佛陀說：『婦人侍奉丈夫有三惡四善』

English version Thus have I heard: The Buddha was in Shravasti, and told the monks: 'Listen to what I say about the difficulty of repaying kindness. Parents give birth to children, nurture and breastfeed them, and when they grow up, they wish for them to see the light of the sun and moon. Parents show their children all things in the world, wishing them to know good and evil. Monks! If a child were to carry their father on one shoulder and their mother on the other, until the end of their lives, and were to adorn themselves with heavenly treasures, bright moon pearls, jade discs, lapis lazuli, coral, and naturally occurring white animal pearls, it would still not be enough to repay the kindness of their parents. If parents like to kill, children should advise and stop them, so that they no longer kill; if parents have evil thoughts, children should often advise and stop them, so that they always think of good and have no evil thoughts; if parents are foolish and lack wisdom, and do not understand the principles of the scriptures, then tell them the Buddhist scriptures; if parents are greedy and jealous, children should advise them accordingly; if parents do not understand good and evil, children should gradually tell them accordingly. Monks! Children should do this. If as a child, one desires clothes better than their parents, food more delicious than their parents, and speech superior to their parents, after death they should fall into hell. As a child, one should be filial and serve their parents, and those who do so should be reborn in heaven after death.' All the monks bowed their heads and together heard the Buddha's teachings. The Buddha said: 'There was a great virtuous Upasaka named Sudatta, who took a wife for his son, and the wife's name was Yuye. Yuye was the daughter of a wealthy family, and did not treat Sudatta with the respect due to a mother-in-law, nor did she respect her husband, for several years. Sudatta was also a virtuous Upasaka, and without speaking or blaming, went to the Buddha and reproached himself: 'I took a wife for my son, the daughter of a wealthy family in the country, and I was very happy. Now she has served me for several years, but she is arrogant and indulgent, and does not treat me with the respect due to a daughter-in-law. I hope that the Buddha will condescend to come to my house tomorrow.' The Buddha remained silent, and the silence meant that he would go the next day. The next day, the Buddha went to Sudatta's house, and his wife did not come out. The Buddha used his divine power to influence her, and she was happy in her heart, and then came out to see the Buddha, and went forward to pay her respects to the Buddha. The Buddha said: 'As a wife, what do you use to serve your husband?' Yuye said: 'I should serve my husband with my body.' The Buddha said: 'A woman serving her husband has three evils and four virtues.'

。何等為三惡？一惡者，如與惰人共居不欲作事，罵詈至暮，嗜美好鬥。二惡者，如與怨家共居，不持一心向夫，不願夫善，不願夫成就，當愿夫死。三惡者，如與偷盜共居，不惜夫物，但念欺夫，常欲自好，不順子孫，但念淫泆。如是死者，展轉惡道中無有出時，是為三惡。何等為四善？一善者，婦見夫從外來，當如母見子，夫有急緩，常欲身代之。二善者，婦事夫當如弟見兄，上下相承事，夫惡不以為惡，不念淫泆常隨夫語。三善者，婦事夫當如朋友，相見輒相念，夫從他方來，當如見父兄，心中歡喜和顏向之，婦持心當如是。四善者，婦事夫當如婢，夫大罵亦不以為惡，捶擊亦不以為劇，走使亦不以為勞苦，夫雖惡，常念事善，當顧子孫，如是死者常生天上，亦于天上饒侍者，好衣、珍寶常在身上。』佛言：『三惡四善，汝欲持何所事夫？』玉耶言：『婦人事夫不可用三惡，四善者可與共居，從今以去，請如婢事大夫子。』玉耶即膝行承事遬達，以夫婦之禮事其婿

現代漢語譯本：什麼是三種惡行？第一種惡行，比如和懶惰的人住在一起，不想做事，從早罵到晚，喜歡美好的事物，好爭鬥。第二種惡行，比如和仇人住在一起，不一心一意對待丈夫，不希望丈夫好，不希望丈夫有成就，只希望丈夫死。第三種惡行，比如和偷盜的人住在一起，不愛惜丈夫的東西，只想著欺騙丈夫，總是想自己好，不順從子孫，只想著淫亂放蕩。像這樣死去的人，會輾轉在惡道中沒有出來的時候，這就是三種惡行。什麼是四種善行？第一種善行，妻子看見丈夫從外面回來，應當像母親看見兒子一樣，丈夫有急事或緩事，常常想替他承擔。第二種善行，妻子侍奉丈夫應當像弟弟對待哥哥一樣，上下互相承接侍奉，丈夫的缺點不認為是缺點，不思淫亂放蕩，常常順從丈夫的話。第三種善行，妻子侍奉丈夫應當像朋友一樣，見面就互相思念，丈夫從其他地方回來，應當像見到父親兄長一樣，心中歡喜，和顏悅色地對待他，妻子應當保持這樣的心。第四種善行，妻子侍奉丈夫應當像婢女一樣，丈夫大聲責罵也不認為是壞事，捶打也不認為是過分，使喚也不認為是勞苦，丈夫即使不好，也常常想著做好事，應當顧及子孫，像這樣死去的人常常會生到天上，在天上也有很多侍者，好的衣服、珍寶常常在身上。』佛說：『三種惡行，四種善行，你想要用哪種來對待丈夫呢？』玉耶說：『婦人對待丈夫不能用三種惡行，四種善行可以一起生活，從今以後，我願意像婢女一樣侍奉大夫子。』玉耶就跪著服侍遬達，用夫婦的禮節對待她的丈夫。現代漢語譯本：什麼是三種惡行？第一種惡行是，如同與懶惰之人同住，不願做事，從早罵到晚，貪圖享樂，喜好爭鬥。第二種惡行是，如同與仇敵同住，不一心向著丈夫，不願丈夫好，不願丈夫有所成就，只盼望丈夫死去。第三種惡行是，如同與盜賊同住，不愛惜丈夫的財物，只想著欺騙丈夫，總是想著自己好，不順從子孫，只想著淫亂放蕩。像這樣死去的人，會輾轉在惡道中無法脫身，這就是三種惡行。什麼是四種善行？第一種善行是，妻子看見丈夫從外面回來，應當像母親看見兒子一樣，丈夫有急事或緩事，常常想替他承擔。第二種善行是，妻子侍奉丈夫應當像弟弟對待哥哥一樣，上下互相承接侍奉，丈夫的缺點不認為是缺點，不思淫亂放蕩，常常順從丈夫的話。第三種善行是，妻子侍奉丈夫應當像朋友一樣，見面就互相思念，丈夫從其他地方回來，應當像見到父親兄長一樣，心中歡喜，和顏悅色地對待他，妻子應當保持這樣的心。第四種善行是，妻子侍奉丈夫應當像婢女一樣，丈夫大聲責罵也不認為是壞事，捶打也不認為是過分，使喚也不認為是勞苦，丈夫即使不好，也常常想著做好事，應當顧及子孫，像這樣死去的人常常會生到天上，在天上也有很多侍者，好的衣服、珍寶常常在身上。』佛說：『三種惡行，四種善行，你想要用哪種來對待丈夫呢？』玉耶說：『婦人對待丈夫不能用三種惡行，四種善行可以一起生活，從今以後，我願意像婢女一樣侍奉大夫子。』玉耶就跪著服侍遬達，用夫婦的禮節對待她的丈夫。

English version: What are the three evils? The first evil is, for example, living with a lazy person, not wanting to do anything, scolding from morning till night, being fond of beautiful things, and being fond of fighting. The second evil is, for example, living with an enemy, not being wholeheartedly devoted to her husband, not wishing her husband well, not wishing her husband to achieve anything, only wishing her husband to die. The third evil is, for example, living with a thief, not cherishing her husband's belongings, only thinking of deceiving her husband, always thinking of her own good, not being obedient to her children, only thinking of promiscuity. Those who die like this will be endlessly trapped in evil paths, and these are the three evils. What are the four virtues? The first virtue is that when a wife sees her husband returning from outside, she should be like a mother seeing her son, and if her husband has urgent or slow matters, she should always want to take his place. The second virtue is that a wife should serve her husband as a younger brother serves an elder brother, with mutual respect and service, not considering her husband's faults as faults, not thinking of promiscuity, and always following her husband's words. The third virtue is that a wife should serve her husband as a friend, thinking of each other whenever they meet, and when her husband returns from elsewhere, she should be like seeing her father or elder brother, with joy in her heart and a kind face towards him. A wife should maintain such a heart. The fourth virtue is that a wife should serve her husband as a maidservant, not considering it bad even if her husband scolds loudly, not considering it excessive even if he beats her, and not considering it hard work even if he orders her around. Even if her husband is bad, she should always think of doing good and should care for her children. Those who die like this will often be reborn in heaven, and in heaven, they will have many attendants, and good clothes and treasures will always be on their bodies.』 The Buddha said, 『Three evils and four virtues, which do you want to use to treat your husband?』 Yuye said, 『A woman should not treat her husband with the three evils, but the four virtues can be lived with. From now on, I will serve the great master like a maidservant.』 Yuye then knelt down to serve Su Da, treating her husband with the proper etiquette of a married couple. English version: What are the three evils? The first evil is like living with a lazy person, unwilling to work, scolding from morning till night, indulging in pleasure, and being fond of fighting. The second evil is like living with an enemy, not being wholeheartedly devoted to her husband, not wishing her husband well, not wishing her husband to achieve anything, only hoping for her husband's death. The third evil is like living with a thief, not cherishing her husband's belongings, only thinking of deceiving her husband, always thinking of her own good, not being obedient to her children, only thinking of promiscuity. Those who die like this will be endlessly trapped in evil paths, unable to escape, and these are the three evils. What are the four virtues? The first virtue is that when a wife sees her husband returning from outside, she should be like a mother seeing her son, and if her husband has urgent or slow matters, she should always want to take his place. The second virtue is that a wife should serve her husband as a younger brother serves an elder brother, with mutual respect and service, not considering her husband's faults as faults, not thinking of promiscuity, and always following her husband's words. The third virtue is that a wife should serve her husband as a friend, thinking of each other whenever they meet, and when her husband returns from elsewhere, she should be like seeing her father or elder brother, with joy in her heart and a kind face towards him. A wife should maintain such a heart. The fourth virtue is that a wife should serve her husband as a maidservant, not considering it bad even if her husband scolds loudly, not considering it excessive even if he beats her, and not considering it hard work even if he orders her around. Even if her husband is bad, she should always think of doing good and should care for her children. Those who die like this will often be reborn in heaven, and in heaven, they will have many attendants, and good clothes and treasures will always be on their bodies.』 The Buddha said, 『Three evils and four virtues, which do you want to use to treat your husband?』 Yuye said, 『A woman should not treat her husband with the three evils, but the four virtues can be lived with. From now on, I will serve the great master like a maidservant.』 Yuye then knelt down to serve Su Da, treating her husband with the proper etiquette of a married couple.

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The Buddha Speaks the Asokadatta Sutra