T02n0142a_佛說玉耶女經
大正藏第 02 冊 No. 0142a 佛說玉耶女經
No. 142 [Nos. 125(51.9), 141, 143]
佛說玉耶女經
失譯人名附西晉錄
聞如是：
一時，佛在舍衛國祇樹給孤獨園。爾時，長者給孤獨，為子取婦，得豪貴長者家女，端正無雙，憍豪慠慢，不以婦禮承事姑嫜、夫主。給孤獨家議曰：「其婦憍慢，當以何法而教訓之？若以杖捶，非善法也；若無訓教，其罪日增。長者！唯佛大聖善能教訓，辦供設齋食，明日請佛。」佛即受請。明日佛來將諸徒眾，給孤獨家盡出禮佛，玉耶不出。佛即放大光明紫磨金色，照玉耶室內，佛現三十二相、八十種好，玉耶見佛光明相貌，即大驚怖，生畏懼心便出禮佛。
佛告玉耶：「女人之法，不當以倚端正而生憍慢，形貌端正，非為端正，唯心行端正，人所愛敬，是為端正，不得以倚面貌端正憍慢自恣，後生卑賤為人走使。」
佛告玉耶：「女人之法，有三鄣十惡，不自覺知？」
玉耶白佛：「何等三鄣十惡？」
佛告玉耶：「一者小時父母所鄣，二者出嫁夫主所鄣，三者老時兒子所鄣，是為三鄣。何等十惡？一者生時父母不喜。二者養育無味。三者常憂嫁娶失禮。四者處處畏人。五者與父母別離。六者倚他門戶。七者懷妊甚難。八者產生時難。九者常畏夫主。十者恒不得自在，是為十惡。」
玉耶聞佛說三鄣十惡，身心戰悚，白佛言：「唯愿世尊，教我作婦之法。」
佛告玉耶：「作婦之法，當有五等
現代漢語譯本 西晉失譯人名附錄 我聽聞是這樣的： 一時，佛在舍衛國的祇樹給孤獨園。當時，長者給孤獨為兒子娶媳婦，娶到一位豪門貴族家的女兒，她容貌端正無雙，卻驕橫傲慢，不以媳婦的禮節侍奉公婆和丈夫。給孤獨一家商議說：『這個媳婦驕傲自滿，應當用什麼方法來教訓她呢？如果用棍棒責打，不是好的方法；如果不對她進行教導，她的罪過會日益增加。長者！只有佛陀大聖善於教導，我們準備齋飯，明天請佛來。』佛陀接受了邀請。第二天，佛陀帶領眾弟子來到，給孤獨一家都出來禮拜佛陀，唯獨玉耶沒有出來。佛陀隨即放出紫磨金色的光明，照耀玉耶的房間，佛陀顯現三十二相、八十種好，玉耶見到佛陀的光明相貌，頓時大驚失色，心生畏懼，便出來禮拜佛陀。 佛陀告訴玉耶：『女人的行爲準則，不應該因為容貌端正而產生驕傲自滿，外貌端正，並非真正的端正，只有內心行為端正，才能得到人們的愛戴和尊敬，這才是真正的端正。不能因為依仗容貌端正就驕傲放縱，將來會淪為卑賤之人，被人使喚。』 佛陀告訴玉耶：『女人的行爲準則，有三種障礙和十種惡事，自己卻不自覺知？』 玉耶問佛：『是哪三種障礙和十種惡事？』 佛陀告訴玉耶：『第一種是小時候被父母所束縛，第二種是出嫁后被丈夫所束縛，第三種是年老時被兒子所束縛，這就是三種障礙。哪十種惡事呢？第一種是出生時父母不高興。第二種是養育過程沒有樂趣。第三種是常常擔憂嫁娶時失禮。第四種是處處畏懼他人。第五種是與父母分離。第六種是依附他人門戶。第七種是懷孕時非常艱難。第八種是生產時非常艱難。第九種是常常畏懼丈夫。第十種是永遠不得自由，這就是十種惡事。』 玉耶聽聞佛陀所說的三種障礙和十種惡事，身心戰慄，對佛陀說：『唯愿世尊，教導我作為媳婦的準則。』 佛陀告訴玉耶：『作為媳婦的準則，應當有五種……』
English version The Buddha Speaks the Sutra of the Girl Yuye Appended to the Western Jin Record, the name of the translator is lost. Thus have I heard: At one time, the Buddha was in the Jeta Grove of Anathapindika in the country of Shravasti. At that time, the elder Anathapindika was taking a wife for his son, and he obtained a daughter from a wealthy and noble family. She was of unparalleled beauty, but arrogant and haughty, and did not serve her parents-in-law and husband with the proper wifely respect. The Anathapindika family discussed, saying, 'This wife is arrogant and self-satisfied, what method should we use to teach her? If we use a rod to beat her, that is not a good method; if we do not teach her, her sins will increase daily. Elder! Only the Buddha, the Great Sage, is good at teaching, let us prepare a vegetarian meal and invite the Buddha tomorrow.' The Buddha accepted the invitation. The next day, the Buddha came with his disciples, and the Anathapindika family all came out to pay respects to the Buddha, but Yuye did not come out. The Buddha then emitted a great light of purple-gold color, illuminating Yuye's room. The Buddha manifested the thirty-two marks and eighty minor characteristics. When Yuye saw the Buddha's radiant appearance, she was greatly startled and fearful, and then came out to pay respects to the Buddha. The Buddha said to Yuye, 'The way of a woman is not to be arrogant because of her beauty. A beautiful appearance is not true beauty. Only when the mind is righteous and the actions are correct will one be loved and respected by others. This is true beauty. One should not be arrogant and self-indulgent because of one's beautiful appearance, for in the future, one will be born into a lowly position and be made to serve others.' The Buddha said to Yuye, 'The way of a woman has three obstacles and ten evils, of which she is not aware?' Yuye asked the Buddha, 'What are the three obstacles and ten evils?' The Buddha said to Yuye, 'The first is being obstructed by one's parents in childhood, the second is being obstructed by one's husband after marriage, and the third is being obstructed by one's sons in old age. These are the three obstacles. What are the ten evils? The first is that one's parents are not happy when one is born. The second is that there is no joy in raising one. The third is that one is always worried about losing propriety in marriage. The fourth is that one is afraid of people everywhere. The fifth is that one is separated from one's parents. The sixth is that one relies on the household of others. The seventh is that pregnancy is very difficult. The eighth is that childbirth is very difficult. The ninth is that one is always afraid of one's husband. The tenth is that one is never free. These are the ten evils.' When Yuye heard the Buddha speak of the three obstacles and ten evils, her body and mind trembled. She said to the Buddha, 'I beseech the World Honored One to teach me the way of being a wife.' The Buddha said to Yuye, 'The way of being a wife should have five qualities...'
。何謂為五？一如母婦，二如臣婦，三如妹婦，四者婢婦，五者夫婦。何謂母婦？愛夫如子故，名母婦。何謂臣婦？事夫如君故，名臣婦。何謂妹婦？事夫如兄故，名妹婦。何謂婢婦？事夫如妾故，名婢婦。何謂夫婦？背親向疏永離所生，恩愛親昵同心異形，尊奉敬慎無憍慢情，善事內外家殷豐盈，待接賓客稱揚善名，是為夫婦之道。」
佛告玉耶：「奉事姑嫜夫主，亦有五善三惡。」
玉耶白佛：「何等五善三惡？」
佛告玉耶言：「一者晚眠早起修治家事，所有美膳莫自向口，先進姑嫜、夫主。二者看視家物，莫令漏失。三者慎其口語忍辱少瞋。四者矜莊誡慎，恒恐不及。五者一心恭孝姑嫜夫主，使有善名，親族歡喜為人所譽，是為五善。何者三惡？一者未冥早眠日出不起，夫主訶瞋反見嫌罵。二者好食自啖，惡食便與姑嫜夫主，奸色欺詐妖邪萬端。三者不念生活，遊冶世間，道他好醜求人長短，斗亂口舌，親族憎嫉，為人所賤，是為三惡。」
玉耶聞佛說五善三惡，信敬歡喜心生慚愧，白佛言：「弟子愚癡，未見佛時，未聞法時，施自𠎝咎無量，及諸障礙不自覺知；今得聞說，開悟意解，乃知先來所行為非，自今已去，改往修來順尊所說，不復敢違。唯愿聖尊，慈愍救濟聽我懺悔，得除𠎝咎，受我五戒得為弟子。」
佛言：「善哉！玉耶！聽汝懺悔，莫復更作，垂賜戒法敬奉修行。」佛言：「諦聽善思念之。」
玉耶言：「唯然世尊！愿樂受持。」
佛告玉耶：「持一戒者，身手不殺恩及群生
現代漢語譯本：什麼是五種妻子？第一種是像母親一樣的妻子，第二種是像臣子一樣的妻子，第三種是像妹妹一樣的妻子，第四種是像婢女一樣的妻子，第五種是像伴侶一樣的妻子。什麼是像母親一樣的妻子？愛丈夫如同愛自己的孩子，所以稱為『母婦』。什麼是像臣子一樣的妻子？侍奉丈夫如同侍奉君主，所以稱為『臣婦』。什麼是像妹妹一樣的妻子？侍奉丈夫如同侍奉兄長，所以稱為『妹婦』。什麼是像婢女一樣的妻子？侍奉丈夫如同侍奉妾侍，所以稱為『婢婦』。什麼是像伴侶一樣的妻子？背離父母親族而與丈夫結合，永遠離開自己出生的家庭，恩愛親密，同心同德，雖然形體不同，但互相尊重，謹慎小心，沒有驕慢的情緒，善於處理家庭內外事務，使家庭富裕，接待賓客，稱揚美名，這就是夫妻之道。 佛陀告訴玉耶：『侍奉公婆和丈夫，也有五種善行和三種惡行。』 玉耶問佛：『是哪五種善行和三種惡行呢？』 佛陀告訴玉耶說：『第一種是晚睡早起，料理家務，所有美味佳餚不自己先吃，先給公婆和丈夫享用。第二種是看管家裡的財物，不讓它們遺失。第三種是說話謹慎，忍辱少發脾氣。第四種是莊重自持，時刻警惕，唯恐做得不夠好。第五種是全心全意恭敬孝順公婆和丈夫，使他們有好名聲，親族歡喜，被人稱讚，這就是五種善行。哪三種惡行呢？第一種是天還沒黑就早睡，太陽出來了還不起床，丈夫責備就反而嫌棄謾罵。第二種是好吃的東西自己吃，不好的東西給公婆和丈夫吃，行為奸詐，欺騙，妖邪多端。第三種是不顧生活，遊蕩世間，說別人好壞，挑剔別人長短，挑撥是非，親族憎恨，被人輕賤，這就是三種惡行。』 玉耶聽佛說完五善三惡，信服敬佩，心生慚愧，對佛說：『弟子愚癡，沒有見到佛的時候，沒有聽聞佛法的時候，自己犯下無數的過錯，以及各種障礙，自己都不知道；現在聽聞佛的教誨，開悟了，明白了道理，才知道以前的行為是錯誤的，從今以後，改正錯誤，修習善行，順從佛的教誨，不敢再違背。只希望聖尊，慈悲憐憫，救濟我，聽我懺悔，消除我的過錯，接受我的五戒，讓我成為您的弟子。』 佛說：『好啊！玉耶！允許你懺悔，不要再犯同樣的錯誤，賜予你戒律，讓你恭敬奉行。』佛說：『仔細聽，好好思考。』 玉耶說：『是的，世尊！我願意接受並奉行。』 佛陀告訴玉耶：『持守第一條戒律，就是身體和手不殺生，恩澤及於眾生。』
English version: What are the five types of wives? The first is like a mother, the second is like a subject, the third is like a younger sister, the fourth is like a servant, and the fifth is like a partner. What is a wife like a mother? She loves her husband as if he were her own child, hence the name 'motherly wife'. What is a wife like a subject? She serves her husband as if he were a ruler, hence the name 'subject wife'. What is a wife like a younger sister? She serves her husband as if he were an elder brother, hence the name 'sisterly wife'. What is a wife like a servant? She serves her husband as if she were a concubine, hence the name 'servant wife'. What is a wife like a partner? She leaves her parents and relatives to be with her husband, forever leaving her birth family, loving and intimate, of one heart and mind, though different in form, respecting each other, cautious and careful, without arrogance, good at handling family affairs both inside and outside, making the family prosperous, receiving guests, and praising good names, this is the way of husband and wife. The Buddha told Yuye: 'Serving one's parents-in-law and husband also has five good deeds and three bad deeds.' Yuye asked the Buddha: 'What are the five good deeds and three bad deeds?' The Buddha told Yuye: 'The first is to sleep late and wake up early to manage household affairs, not to eat the delicious food first, but to offer it to the parents-in-law and husband first. The second is to watch over the family's belongings, not letting them be lost. The third is to be careful in speech, to be patient and not easily angered. The fourth is to be dignified and cautious, always fearing that one is not doing enough. The fifth is to wholeheartedly respect and be filial to the parents-in-law and husband, so that they have a good reputation, the family is happy, and they are praised by others, these are the five good deeds. What are the three bad deeds? The first is to sleep early before dark and not get up when the sun rises, and when the husband scolds, to resent and curse him in return. The second is to eat the good food oneself and give the bad food to the parents-in-law and husband, to be deceitful, fraudulent, and full of evil. The third is to neglect one's livelihood, to wander in the world, to talk about others' good and bad points, to find fault with others, to stir up trouble, to be hated by relatives, and to be despised by others, these are the three bad deeds.' Upon hearing the Buddha's explanation of the five good deeds and three bad deeds, Yuye was convinced and respectful, and felt ashamed. She said to the Buddha: 'Disciple is foolish, before seeing the Buddha, before hearing the Dharma, I committed countless mistakes and obstacles without realizing it; now, having heard the Buddha's teachings, I am enlightened and understand the principles, and I know that my previous actions were wrong. From now on, I will correct my mistakes, cultivate good deeds, follow the Buddha's teachings, and dare not disobey again. I only hope that the Holy One, with compassion and mercy, will save me, hear my repentance, eliminate my mistakes, accept my five precepts, and allow me to become your disciple.' The Buddha said: 'Good! Yuye! I allow you to repent, do not make the same mistakes again, I grant you the precepts, so that you may respectfully practice them.' The Buddha said: 'Listen carefully and think well.' Yuye said: 'Yes, World Honored One! I am willing to accept and practice them.' The Buddha told Yuye: 'To uphold the first precept is that the body and hands do not kill, and kindness extends to all living beings.'
。持二戒者，清凈仁讓不盜，減己濟眾。持三戒者，貞潔不淫行無玷汙。持四戒者，不得妄語乃至戲笑。持五戒者，遠酒不飲不犯眾惡。護持禁戒，如救頭然；自觀身形不得久住，危命如電速，如風過庭；少壯必衰，莫恃姿容，當勤精進棄捨世榮，如菩薩法。汝今修行，可得至佛，佛道不可不學，經不可不聽。吾今得佛，稱善所致大乘教，無男無女，樂聞法者，隨愿所得。」
玉耶白佛言：「世尊！其善婦者，當得何榮？其惡婦者，當得何咎？」
佛告玉耶：「其善婦者，現世榮譽親族敬念，受福生天，天上壽盡還生世間，王侯子孫在所生處，一切尊敬。其惡婦者，是人憎嫉無不厭患，欲令早死，命終當墮地獄畜生奴婢，展轉其中無有出期。」
玉耶聞說善惡婦法，心生畏懼，懇惻修行即得道跡，雕刻、錦繡、作珠寶帳，懸繒幡蓋、燒眾名香，繞塔歌唄聲徹十方，見者隨喜稽首廟堂。
阿難白佛言：「當何名此經？」
佛言：「此經名教化女人，名玉耶經。若女人得聞此經，受持讀誦如法修行，舍是女身不得更受。」
說是經時，大眾歡喜，作禮奉行
現代漢語譯本：持守二戒的人，清凈仁愛，謙讓不盜取，減少自己的需求來幫助大眾。持守三戒的人，貞潔不淫，行為沒有玷污。持守四戒的人，不得說謊，甚至在嬉笑時也不可妄語。持守五戒的人，遠離酒，不飲酒，不犯各種惡行。守護禁戒，要像救自己的頭一樣緊迫；自己觀察身體，知道不能長久停留，生命危急如閃電般迅速，又如風過庭院；年輕力壯必定會衰老，不要依仗自己的姿容，應當勤奮精進，捨棄世俗的榮華，像菩薩那樣修行。你們現在修行，可以達到成佛的境界，佛道不可不學習，佛經不可不聽聞。我現在成佛，是稱讚善行所致的大乘教法，沒有男女的分別，喜歡聽聞佛法的人，都能隨自己的願望得到滿足。」 玉耶對佛說：『世尊！善良的婦女，應當得到什麼樣的榮耀？惡劣的婦女，應當得到什麼樣的罪過？』 佛告訴玉耶：『善良的婦女，現世會得到榮譽，親族敬重思念，享受福報而昇天，在天上壽命終了后還會轉生到世間，成為王侯的子孫，在所出生的地方，一切人都尊敬她。惡劣的婦女，會被人憎恨嫉妒，沒有不厭惡她的，希望她早點死去，命終後會墮入地獄、畜生道，或者成為奴婢，在其中輾轉輪迴，沒有脫離的時候。』 玉耶聽聞了關於善惡婦女的教法，心中產生畏懼，懇切地修行，立即證得了道跡，她雕刻、刺繡，製作珠寶帳，懸掛幡蓋，焚燒各種名香，繞著佛塔歌唱讚頌，聲音傳遍十方，見到的人都隨喜讚歎，向佛廟頂禮。 阿難問佛：『應當給這部經起什麼名字？』 佛說：『這部經名為《教化女人經》，也名為《玉耶經》。如果女人能夠聽聞這部經，受持讀誦，如法修行，就能捨棄女身，不再受女身。』 說完這部經時，大眾歡喜，作禮奉行。
English version: Those who uphold the second precept are pure, benevolent, yielding, and do not steal, reducing their own needs to help the masses. Those who uphold the third precept are chaste and do not engage in sexual misconduct, their actions are without defilement. Those who uphold the fourth precept must not lie, not even in jest. Those who uphold the fifth precept stay away from alcohol, do not drink, and do not commit various evils. Guarding the precepts is as urgent as saving one's own head; observe your own body, knowing it cannot remain long, life is as fleeting as lightning, and like the wind passing through the courtyard; youth and strength will surely decline, do not rely on your appearance, you should diligently strive forward, abandoning worldly glory, like a Bodhisattva. If you cultivate now, you can attain Buddhahood, the path of the Buddha must be learned, the scriptures must be heard. My attainment of Buddhahood is due to the great vehicle teachings that praise good deeds, there is no distinction between male and female, those who like to hear the Dharma can have their wishes fulfilled.』 Yuye said to the Buddha, 『World Honored One! What glory should a virtuous woman attain? What faults should a wicked woman incur?』 The Buddha told Yuye, 『A virtuous woman will receive honor in this life, be respected and remembered by her family, enjoy blessings and be reborn in heaven, and after her life in heaven ends, she will be reborn in the world as a descendant of kings and nobles, and in every place she is born, she will be respected by all. A wicked woman will be hated and envied, and everyone will detest her, wishing for her early death, and after her life ends, she will fall into hell, the animal realm, or become a slave, and will revolve in these realms without any hope of escape.』 Upon hearing the teachings about virtuous and wicked women, Yuye felt fear in her heart, and earnestly cultivated, immediately attaining the path of enlightenment. She carved, embroidered, made jeweled canopies, hung banners and canopies, burned various fragrant incenses, and sang praises while circumambulating the pagoda, her voice reaching all directions, and those who saw her rejoiced and bowed to the temple. Ananda asked the Buddha, 『What should this scripture be named?』 The Buddha said, 『This scripture is named 「The Scripture of Teaching Women,」 and also named 「The Yuye Scripture.」 If a woman can hear this scripture, uphold it, recite it, and cultivate according to the Dharma, she can abandon her female body and not be reborn as a woman again.』 When this scripture was spoken, the assembly rejoiced, bowed, and practiced accordingly.
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The Sutra of the Buddha's Discourse to the Girl Yuye