T03n0178_前世三轉經

大正藏第 03 冊 No. 0178 前世三轉經

No. 178

前世三轉經

西晉沙門法炬譯

聞如是：

一時，佛游于舍衛國祇樹給孤獨園，與大比丘眾五百人，皆阿羅漢也。一切大聖皆其上尊，悉知他人心所念，獨阿難未也。

爾時，佛出精舍坐于虛空，為無央數百千眾會圍繞，而為說法，及七萬菩薩，皆得諸總持。彼時，佛面色光明勝常時，光明從面出，往照遍諸世界。時佛便笑，五色光從口出，上至梵天。諸佛天中天授諸弟子決時，光往照四天王，光還照佛三匝，從足心入。諸佛天中天授辟支佛道決時，光從口中出，往照波羅尼蜜天，還繞佛三匝從臍入。諸佛天中天授佛道決時，光往照梵天，還繞佛三匝從頂入。是時地神皆同時舉聲：「如是佛見三事，若過去、當來、今現在，說種種決。」虛空神天、四天王、忉利天、上至梵天，皆舉作聲：「如是說三事種種決，過去、當來、今現在，為授弟子地決、為授辟支佛地決、為授佛地決。」時，梵天皆來下，上至三十三天人皆來下。爾時，無央數百千人會，比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷

現代漢語譯本 如是我聞： 一時，佛陀在舍衛國的祇樹給孤獨園，與五百位大比丘在一起，他們都是阿羅漢。所有的大聖者都是他們中最受尊敬的，都能知道他人心中所想，只有阿難沒有這種能力。 當時，佛陀從精舍出來，坐在虛空中，被無數的數百千大眾圍繞著，為他們說法，還有七萬菩薩，都獲得了各種總持。那時，佛陀的面色光明勝過平時，光明從臉上發出，照遍各個世界。這時佛陀笑了，五色光從口中發出，向上到達梵天。諸佛天中天在給弟子授記時，光芒照向四天王，然後光芒返回，繞佛三圈，從足心進入。諸佛天中天在給辟支佛授記時，光芒從口中發出，照向波羅尼蜜天，然後返回，繞佛三圈，從臍進入。諸佛天中天在給佛授記時，光芒照向梵天，然後返回，繞佛三圈，從頭頂進入。這時，地神都同時發出聲音：『佛陀看到了三件事，即過去、未來和現在，並說了各種授記。』虛空神天、四天王、忉利天，直到梵天，都發出聲音：『佛陀說了三件事的各種授記，即過去、未來和現在，為弟子授記、為辟支佛授記、為佛授記。』這時，梵天都下來了，直到三十三天的天人都下來了。當時，有無數的數百千人聚集在一起，包括比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷。

English version Thus have I heard: At one time, the Buddha was dwelling in the Jeta Grove, Anathapindika's Park in Shravasti, with five hundred great Bhikshus, all of whom were Arhats. All the great sages were the most revered among them, and they all knew the thoughts in others' minds, except for Ananda. At that time, the Buddha came out of the monastery and sat in the void, surrounded by countless hundreds of thousands of people, teaching them the Dharma, along with seventy thousand Bodhisattvas, all of whom had attained various Dharanis. At that time, the Buddha's face was brighter than usual, and light emanated from his face, illuminating all the worlds. Then the Buddha smiled, and five-colored light came out of his mouth, reaching up to the Brahma heaven. When the Buddhas, the gods among gods, were giving predictions to their disciples, the light shone upon the Four Heavenly Kings, then returned and circled the Buddha three times, entering from the soles of his feet. When the Buddhas, the gods among gods, were giving predictions to Pratyekabuddhas, the light came out of his mouth, shone upon the Paranirmita heaven, then returned and circled the Buddha three times, entering from his navel. When the Buddhas, the gods among gods, were giving predictions to Buddhas, the light shone upon the Brahma heaven, then returned and circled the Buddha three times, entering from the top of his head. At this time, the earth gods all spoke at once: 'The Buddha has seen three things, the past, the future, and the present, and has given various predictions.' The gods of the void, the Four Heavenly Kings, the Trayastrimsha heaven, up to the Brahma heaven, all spoke: 'The Buddha has given various predictions about three things, the past, the future, and the present, giving predictions to disciples, giving predictions to Pratyekabuddhas, and giving predictions to Buddhas.' At this time, the Brahmas all came down, and the people of the thirty-three heavens all came down. At that time, countless hundreds of thousands of people gathered, including Bhikshus, Bhikshunis, Upasakas, and Upasikas.

。

賢者阿難，時知七法事，何等為七：一者、知義；二者、解法；三者、曉時；四者、了節；五者、明眾；六者、知身事；七者、知他人事。賢者阿難從座起，整衣被長跪叉手，以偈贊佛言：

「得清凈智眼明好，　　尊根寂定度無極， 光明遠照而金色，　　神照誰得愿說之。 誰今發意于佛道？　　誰坐樹下降伏魔？ 誰今取佛上道利？　　月面愿說何故笑？ 若佛世尊笑之時，　　面出光笑勝於人， 應時百千人民會，　　今佛以緣當說之。」

阿難問佛：「惟，天中天！諸有淫怒癡者，以色、聲、香、味、細滑、法故笑；天中天斷淫怒癡，用何故笑？天中天！不是舍利弗所問？亦不是摩訶目犍連、摩訶迦葉、優為迦葉、迦翼迦葉、那翼迦葉、施羅比利迦私所問？諸佛天中天，有六法不共。何等為六？一者、諸佛天中天，知過去無所掛礙慧；二者、諸佛天中天，有當來無所掛礙慧；三者、諸佛天中天，今現在亦有無所掛礙慧；四者、諸佛天中天，身所行智慧；五者、諸佛天中天，口所說智慧；六者、諸佛天中天，心念智慧，是為六。諸佛天中天，無有不見聞諸佛說佛道慧。」

佛告阿難：「過世時，有國名優波羅越，其國富樂熾盛五穀豐熟，人民安隱眾多不可得計

賢者阿難，知道七種適宜的時機，是哪七種呢？第一，知道義理；第二，理解佛法；第三，明白時機；第四，瞭解節度；第五，明瞭大眾；第六，知道自身的事情；第七，知道他人的事情。賢者阿難從座位上起身，整理好衣物，長跪合掌，用偈頌讚美佛陀說： 『您擁有清凈明亮的智慧之眼，尊貴的根基寂靜安定，達到無上的境界，光明遠照，身色金黃，如此神聖的光輝，誰能獲得，愿您告知。』 『如今是誰發心追求佛道？是誰在菩提樹下，降伏了魔障？是誰如今獲得了佛陀至上的教誨？您如月亮般美好的面容，愿您告知為何微笑？』 『如果佛陀世尊微笑的時候，面容散發的光芒勝過常人，那時會有成百上千的人民聚集，現在佛陀您應該說明微笑的緣由。』 阿難問佛：『世尊，諸位有淫慾、嗔怒、愚癡的人，因為色、聲、香、味、觸、法而笑；世尊您斷除了淫慾、嗔怒、愚癡，為何而笑呢？世尊，這個問題不是舍利弗所問，也不是摩訶目犍連、摩訶迦葉、優為迦葉、迦翼迦葉、那翼迦葉、施羅比利迦私所問。諸佛世尊，有六種不共的功德。是哪六種呢？第一，諸佛世尊，知道過去的事情，智慧沒有障礙；第二，諸佛世尊，知道未來的事情，智慧沒有障礙；第三，諸佛世尊，知道現在的事情，智慧也沒有障礙；第四，諸佛世尊，身體所行的智慧；第五，諸佛世尊，口中所說的智慧；第六，諸佛世尊，心中所想的智慧，這就是六種。諸佛世尊，沒有不能見聞的，諸佛所說的佛道智慧。』 佛陀告訴阿難：『過去的時候，有個國家名叫優波羅越，那個國家富裕安樂，五穀豐收，人民安居樂業，數量眾多，難以計數。

The wise Ananda knew seven opportune times. What were the seven? First, knowing the meaning; second, understanding the Dharma; third, being aware of the time; fourth, understanding the proper measure; fifth, being clear about the assembly; sixth, knowing one's own affairs; and seventh, knowing the affairs of others. The wise Ananda rose from his seat, adjusted his robes, knelt with palms together, and praised the Buddha with a verse: 'You possess pure and bright eyes of wisdom, your noble roots are tranquil and stable, reaching the ultimate state. Your light shines far and wide, your body is golden. Such divine radiance, who can attain it? Please tell us.' 'Who now has set their mind on the path of the Buddha? Who sat beneath the Bodhi tree and subdued Mara? Who now has received the Buddha's supreme teachings? Your moon-like face, please tell us why you smile?' 'If the Buddha, the World Honored One, smiles, the light emanating from your face surpasses that of ordinary people. At that time, hundreds of thousands of people will gather. Now, Buddha, you should explain the reason for your smile.' Ananda asked the Buddha: 'World Honored One, those who have lust, anger, and ignorance laugh because of form, sound, smell, taste, touch, and mental objects. World Honored One, you have eradicated lust, anger, and ignorance, why do you laugh? World Honored One, is this not a question that Sariputra asked? Nor is it a question asked by Maha Maudgalyayana, Maha Kasyapa, Uruvilva Kasyapa, Gaya Kasyapa, Nadi Kasyapa, or Sila-prabhrita. The Buddhas, the World Honored Ones, have six unique qualities. What are the six? First, the Buddhas, the World Honored Ones, know the past without any hindrance in their wisdom; second, the Buddhas, the World Honored Ones, know the future without any hindrance in their wisdom; third, the Buddhas, the World Honored Ones, know the present without any hindrance in their wisdom; fourth, the Buddhas, the World Honored Ones, have wisdom in their bodily actions; fifth, the Buddhas, the World Honored Ones, have wisdom in their spoken words; sixth, the Buddhas, the World Honored Ones, have wisdom in their thoughts. These are the six. The Buddhas, the World Honored Ones, have no lack of seeing or hearing the wisdom of the Buddha's path spoken by the Buddhas.' The Buddha told Ananda: 'In the past, there was a country named Uparavarta. That country was wealthy and prosperous, with abundant harvests of the five grains. The people lived in peace and prosperity, and their numbers were countless.'

。」佛語阿難：「爾時，優波羅越國中，有王名波羅先。于諸國中獨尊，所施行教敕使人，正法治國鞭杖不行；爾時，人民長壽二萬歲。時其王命過，其國中有一淫妷女，為上色面貌、端正姝好，其女人往至他人舍，其主人生男，便以手牽子臂。淫女便問之：『牽兒欲作何等？』報言：『我飢餓欲啖之。』問言：『無有飯可食之耶？』報言：『無有也。』淫女人報言：『且待，須我為汝持食來。』答曰：『卿未出門頃，我當餓死，那能須卿持飯來耶！』淫女人念言：『若我持兒去，其母便當餓死；若置去者，便當取兒啖之。將當奈何令母子各得安隱？』淫女人即取利刀，自割兩乳與之，其母便食之。淫女人問言：『卿為飽未？』報言：『已飽矣。』淫女人兩乳血出流離，便還其家。

「時，有一男子至其淫女人舍，欲與共作非法，見之便言：『誰取此上色女乳，割如是耶？』便有悲意，以姊弟心侍之，不復起欲心。男子即問言：『姊！誰取卿如是耶？』報言：『無有嬈我者也，我自至他舍，其主人適產，生便牽其子。我問言：「欲作何等？」報我言：「我飢餓，欲取子肉啖之。」我問：「卿無有飯可食耶？」報我言：「無有也。」我言：「且待須，我為汝持飯來。」報我言：「卿去未及出門頃，我便餓死

現代漢語譯本：佛對阿難說：『那時，在優波羅越國中，有一位國王名叫波羅先。他在各國中最為尊貴，他所施行的教令使人民以正法治理國家，不用刑罰。那時，人民壽命長達兩萬歲。當時，這位國王去世后，他的國家裡有一個淫蕩的女子，她容貌美麗，端莊秀麗。這個女人去到別人家，那家的主人剛生了男孩，她就用手拉住孩子的胳膊。她問道：『你拉著孩子想做什麼？』她回答說：『我飢餓，想吃了他。』那人問：『沒有飯可以吃嗎？』她回答說：『沒有。』那人說：『你等一下，我為你拿飯來。』她回答說：『你還沒出門，我就要餓死了，怎麼能等你拿飯來呢！』那人想：『如果我把孩子拿走，他的母親就會餓死；如果把孩子留下，她就會把孩子吃了。怎樣才能讓母子都平安呢？』那人就拿起鋒利的刀，割下自己的兩個乳房給她，那母親就吃了。那人問：『你飽了嗎？』她回答說：『已經飽了。』那人兩個乳房血流不止，就回到自己家。 當時，有一個男子來到那人的家中，想和她做不正當的事，看到她的樣子就說：『是誰把這位美麗的女子乳房割成這樣？』他感到悲傷，以對待姐姐的心情侍奉她，不再有淫慾之心。男子就問：『姐姐！是誰把你弄成這樣的？』她回答說：『沒有人欺負我，是我自己去到別人家，那家的主人剛生了孩子，我就拉住他的孩子。我問她：「你想做什麼？」她回答我說：「我飢餓，想吃孩子的肉。」我問：「你沒有飯吃嗎？」她回答說：「沒有。」我說：「你等一下，我為你拿飯來。」她回答我說：「你還沒出門，我就要餓死了。」』

English version: The Buddha said to Ananda: 'At that time, in the country of Uparavarta, there was a king named Parashana. He was the most honored among all the countries, and his teachings enabled the people to govern the country with the righteous law, without the use of punishments. At that time, the people lived for twenty thousand years. When this king passed away, there was a licentious woman in his country, who was beautiful in appearance and graceful. This woman went to another person's house, where the host had just given birth to a boy, and she grabbed the child's arm. She asked, 'What do you want to do with the child?' She replied, 'I am hungry and want to eat him.' The person asked, 'Is there no food to eat?' She replied, 'There is none.' The person said, 'Wait a moment, I will bring you food.' She replied, 'Before you even leave the door, I will starve to death, how can I wait for you to bring food!' The person thought, 'If I take the child away, his mother will starve to death; if I leave the child, she will eat him. How can I ensure that both mother and child are safe?' The person then took a sharp knife, cut off her own two breasts and gave them to her, and the mother ate them. The person asked, 'Are you full?' She replied, 'I am full.' The person's two breasts were bleeding profusely, and she returned to her own home. At that time, a man came to the person's house, wanting to engage in improper behavior with her. Upon seeing her, he said, 'Who cut this beautiful woman's breasts like this?' He felt sorrow and served her with the heart of a brother, no longer having lustful desires. The man then asked, 'Sister! Who did this to you?' She replied, 'No one harmed me. I went to another person's house, where the host had just given birth to a child, and I grabbed his child. I asked her, 'What do you want to do?' She replied, 'I am hungry and want to eat the child's flesh.' I asked, 'Do you have no food to eat?' She replied, 'There is none.' I said, 'Wait a moment, I will bring you food.' She replied, 'Before you even leave the door, I will starve to death.'

。」我心念：「適持兒去，母便當死；若捨去者，則當取兒啖。」我便割乳便與啖之。』其男子聞之言，即躄地奄絕。淫女便取水灑其上，其久乃得穌息。男子問言：『姊當爲我現至誠？』淫女言：『諾！』男子言：『我初不見此難，實至誠如汝言不虛者，姊乳當平復如故。』應時，其女人乳平復如故，亦無瘢也。

「釋提桓因以天眼見淫妷女，言：『此上色淫女人佈施為福乃如是，恐來奪我座。』則化作婆羅門，持寶枝、澡豆瓶，著金錫杖，行乞丐至此淫女家，言：『乞我分衛。』其女人便以金缽盛飯出與婆羅門，婆羅門即卻行不肯受。上色女問道人：『何為卻行不肯受食？』報言：『我不用食，我聞汝佈施乳，為審爾不乎？』報言：『實如是。』婆羅門以偈問之曰：

「『汝為索何愿？　　云何釋為梵？ 為求多寶王，　　所愿難如是。』

「上色女，以偈報之言：

「『婆羅門無為者，　　無生老及病死， 無愁憂清凈處，　　婆羅門我求彼。』

「婆羅門言：『問汝持乳佈施時，意寧轉異不？』女人報言：『婆羅門！我當爲汝現至誠。』報言：『現之。』女人言：『若使我至誠持乳佈施意無異者，令我轉女人身得作男子。』所言適竟，即轉成男子

我心想：『如果帶著孩子走，母親就會死去；如果捨棄孩子，他就會吃掉孩子。』於是我割下乳房給他吃。』那男子聽了這話，立刻癱倒在地，昏厥過去。人們用水灑在他身上，過了很久他才甦醒過來。男子問道：『姐姐你願意為我展現你的至誠嗎？』她說：『願意！』男子說：『我從未見過如此艱難的事情，如果你的至誠如你所說不虛，你的乳房應當恢復如初。』當時，那女人的乳房立刻恢復如初，也沒有留下疤痕。 釋提桓因用天眼看到淫蕩的女子，說：『這個上等的人佈施的福報竟然如此之大，恐怕會來奪我的寶座。』於是他化作婆羅門，拿著寶枝、澡豆瓶，拄著金錫杖，到這家乞討，說：『請給我一點食物。』那女人便用金缽盛飯出來給婆羅門，婆羅門卻退後不肯接受。上等女子問那道人：『為何退後不肯接受食物？』他回答說：『我不是要食物，我聽說你佈施乳房，是真的嗎？』她回答說：『確實如此。』婆羅門用偈語問她： 『你所求的是什麼願望？ 如何才能解脫成為梵天？ 是爲了求得多寶之王， 所求的願望如此艱難。』 上等女子用偈語回答說： 『婆羅門所求的是無為， 沒有生老病死， 沒有憂愁的清凈之處， 婆羅門，我所求的就是那裡。』 婆羅門說：『我問你，你佈施乳房的時候，心意有沒有改變？』女人回答說：『婆羅門！我將為你展現我的至誠。』他說：『展現吧。』女人說：『如果我至誠佈施乳房，心意沒有改變，就讓我轉為男子之身。』話音剛落，她就轉變成了男子。

I thought to myself, 『If I take the child away, the mother will die; if I abandon the child, he will eat the child.』 So I cut off my breast and gave it to him to eat.』 Upon hearing this, the man immediately collapsed to the ground, unconscious. People sprinkled water on him, and after a long time, he finally regained consciousness. The man asked, 『Sister, are you willing to show me your sincerity?』 She said, 『I am!』 The man said, 『I have never seen such a difficult thing. If your sincerity is as you say, your breast should return to its original state.』 At that moment, the woman's breast immediately returned to its original state, without any scars. Shakra, with his divine eye, saw the licentious woman and said, 『This superior person's act of giving is so meritorious, I fear she will come and take my throne.』 So he transformed into a Brahmin, holding a jeweled branch, a washing bowl, and a golden staff, and went to this house to beg, saying, 『Please give me some food.』 The woman then brought out a bowl of rice in a golden bowl to give to the Brahmin, but the Brahmin stepped back and refused to accept it. The superior woman asked the ascetic, 『Why do you step back and refuse to accept the food?』 He replied, 『I do not want food. I heard that you gave your breast as alms, is that true?』 She replied, 『It is true.』 The Brahmin asked her in verse: 『What is the wish you seek? How can one be liberated to become Brahma? Is it to seek the King of Many Treasures, The wish you seek is so difficult.』 The superior woman replied in verse: 『The Brahmin seeks non-action, Without birth, old age, sickness, and death, A pure place without sorrow or worry, Brahmin, that is what I seek.』 The Brahmin said, 『I ask you, when you gave your breast as alms, did your intention change?』 The woman replied, 『Brahmin! I will show you my sincerity.』 He said, 『Show it.』 The woman said, 『If my sincerity in giving my breast as alms is unwavering, then let me be transformed into a man.』 As soon as she finished speaking, she was transformed into a man.

「時優波羅越王，治國五千歲已后終亡。傍臣、左右聞淫女人轉身作男子，念言：『正當立此作國王，為王者當以正法治國。』便共立作王。鞭杖不行，以正法治國，好佈施金銀、珍寶著四城門，外及諸街里，欲得飯食、漿水、衣被、熏華、房室、座席、舍宅、金銀、珍寶、明月珠、玉琉璃、水精、珊瑚、馬瑙，隨其欲與之。教一天下人持八關齋，如是治國五百歲，不耕種自然稻米清潔香美，無有粗獷，今日截，旦日續自然生，即取其米，莖應時沒不現。取共食味，一切味食是已后齒不落，亦不老、亦不病、亦不傴，顏色無異長短適等；祿相亦等，譬如郁單越天下。

「國王自念言：『我佈施與人，有何可怪？我佈施與禽獸者，爾乃為難。』時，王穌香自涂身，便入山空閑處臥巖石上，諸百鳥皆來生啖其身，便命過，生於婆羅門家——其家大富，金銀珍寶無央數——十月已滿便生，端正好無比。適生，四侍女共養育，第一女主拭其身；第二女主沐浴；第三女主乳哺；第四女主抱之。兒即長大，四人共侍議，不得使有見者，五百綵女共侍相娛樂。便竊出，過向市，觀見販賣貧窮乞丐者，有悲哀之意言：『此人民若使富樂者，不復賈作販賣

『當時優波羅越王，治理國家五千年後去世。他身邊的近臣、左右侍從聽說**人轉產生了男子，就想：『應該立他為國王，作為國王應當用正法治理國家。』於是就共同擁立他為王。他不用鞭打棍棒，而是用正法治理國家，喜歡在四城門外以及各街巷佈施金銀、珍寶，凡是想要飯食、漿水、衣服、薰香、房屋、座位、住所、金銀、珍寶、明月珠、玉琉璃、水晶、珊瑚、瑪瑙的，都隨他們的意願給予。他教導天下人持守八關齋戒，這樣治理國家五百年。不需耕種，自然生長出潔凈香美的稻米，沒有粗糙的穀殼，今天收割，明天又自然生長出來，人們取用這些米，稻莖隨即消失不見。大家一起食用，味道鮮美，從此以後牙齒不再脫落，也不會衰老、生病、駝背，容貌沒有差異，高矮適中；福祿也相同，就像郁單越天下一樣。 國王自己想：『我佈施給人們，有什麼可奇怪的呢？我如果佈施給禽獸，那才算難事。』當時，國王用穌香塗抹身體，就進入山中空閑的地方，躺在巖石上，各種鳥都來啄食他的身體，他就這樣去世了，轉生到婆羅門家中——他家非常富有，金銀珍寶無數——十個月后出生，相貌端正無比。剛出生，就有四個侍女共同養育他，第一個侍女為他擦拭身體；第二個侍女為他沐浴；第三個侍女餵他乳汁；第四個侍女抱他。孩子長大后，四人共同商議，不讓他被外人看見，有五百個綵女共同侍奉他娛樂。後來他偷偷溜出去，到集市上，看到販賣東西的貧窮乞丐，心中感到悲哀，說道：『如果這些人民能夠富足快樂，就不會再做買賣了。』

『At that time, King Upoluo Yue ruled the country for five thousand years before passing away. The close ministers and attendants around him heard that a **person had transformed into a man, and they thought: 『We should make him the king, and as a king, he should govern the country with righteous laws.』 So they jointly established him as king. He did not use whips or sticks, but governed the country with righteous laws. He liked to give away gold, silver, and treasures at the four city gates and in the streets and alleys. Anyone who wanted food, drinks, clothing, incense, houses, seats, residences, gold, silver, treasures, moon pearls, jade, lapis lazuli, crystal, coral, or agate, he would give them whatever they desired. He taught the people of the world to observe the eight precepts, and in this way, he governed the country for five hundred years. Without cultivation, naturally grew clean and fragrant rice, without coarse husks. Today it was harvested, and tomorrow it would naturally grow again. People took this rice, and the stalks would immediately disappear. Everyone ate together, and the taste was delicious. From then on, their teeth would not fall out, they would not grow old, get sick, or hunch over. Their appearances were the same, their heights were moderate; their blessings were also the same, like the world of Uttarakuru. The king thought to himself: 『What is so strange about me giving to people? It would be difficult if I were to give to birds and beasts.』 At that time, the king smeared his body with fragrant oil and went to a secluded place in the mountains, lying on a rock. All kinds of birds came to peck at his body, and he passed away in this way, reincarnating into a Brahmin family—his family was very wealthy, with countless gold, silver, and treasures—he was born after ten months, with an incomparably handsome appearance. As soon as he was born, four maids took care of him together. The first maid wiped his body; the second maid bathed him; the third maid fed him milk; and the fourth maid held him. When the child grew up, the four of them discussed together, not letting him be seen by outsiders. Five hundred beautiful women served him and entertained him. Later, he secretly slipped out and went to the market. Seeing the poor beggars selling things, he felt sorrow in his heart and said: 『If these people could be rich and happy, they would no longer engage in trade.』

。』爾時，自說偈言：

「『我之身心云何？　　甚堅而不破碎， 吾自在安樂處，　　見勤苦諸人民。』

「馳還白父母：『我欲除鬚髮行入山空處，處樹下。』父母不聽。所以者何？適有汝一子甚重愛之：『我禱祠山川、日月、諸天，適得汝一子耳，我不見汝者便愁憂死。』不肯聽使去，子便委臥地，一日、二日、至五日不食飲。諸親厚知識聞此兒欲學道除鬚髮，父母不聽，委臥空地不食飲五日；諸親厚知識皆共到其所，諫曉言：『童子！何以不起沐浴、飲食、莊嚴，用除鬚髮，在樹間樂道？』童子亦不應；如是言者三日。諸親厚共到父母所，言：『聽使去學道，若樂者可數來往相見，不樂者便當來歸。』父母言：『諾！』見聽已，子便自養視六七日，繞父母三匝為作禮，便入空閑坐行道已后，則往至余大叢樹間。

「中有兩道人坐得五神通，精誠求道離淫慾，童子便至其所問：『此間作何等？』報言：『我在此間露坐禪念道，用人民故，作勤苦行。』童子言：『我亦當用人民故，露坐禪念道。』二道人言：『善！』童子即于大叢樹下坐禪，于中用人民故，勤苦行道，即得五神通，精進逾於二道人。其人大聖上尊，其樹間有虎妊娠。諸道人法，樹果自墮落者，乃取食之，不從樹摘取也

『那時，他自己說了偈語： 『我的身心如何？ 非常堅固而不破碎， 我處在自在安樂的地方， 看到勤勞辛苦的民眾。』 他跑回去告訴父母：『我想要剃掉鬍鬚頭髮，進入山中空曠的地方，住在樹下。』父母不答應。為什麼呢？因為只有你這一個兒子，非常疼愛：『我祈禱山川、日月、諸天，才得到你這一個兒子啊，我如果見不到你就會憂愁而死。』不肯讓他去，兒子就躺在地上，一天、兩天，直到五天不吃不喝。親戚朋友們聽說這個孩子想要學道，剃掉鬍鬚頭髮，父母不答應，就躺在空地上不吃不喝五天；親戚朋友們都一起到他那裡，勸解他說：『孩子！為什麼不起來洗澡、吃飯、打扮，卻要剃掉鬍鬚頭髮，在樹林間快樂地修道呢？』孩子也不迴應；這樣說了三天。親戚朋友們一起到他父母那裡，說：『聽他去學道吧，如果他願意，可以時常來往相見，如果不願意，就讓他回來。』父母說：『好！』看到父母答應了，兒子就自己調養了六七天，繞著父母走了三圈，向他們行禮，就進入空閑的地方坐著修行，之後，就去到其他大的樹林間。 其中有兩個道人坐著，得到了五神通，精誠求道，遠離淫慾，童子就到他們那裡問：『你們在這裡做什麼？』他們回答說：『我們在這裡露天坐著禪修，爲了人民的緣故，做勤苦的修行。』童子說：『我也應當爲了人民的緣故，露天坐著禪修。』兩個道人說：『好！』童子就在大樹下坐禪，爲了人民的緣故，勤苦修行，就得到了五神通，精進超過了兩個道人。這個人是大聖上尊，那樹林間有一隻懷孕的母虎。道人們的規矩是，樹上的果子自己掉落下來，才拿來吃，不從樹上摘取。

'At that time, he spoke a verse himself: 'How is my body and mind? It is very firm and not broken, I am in a place of ease and joy, seeing the diligent and suffering people.' He rushed back to tell his parents: 'I want to shave my beard and hair, enter the empty place in the mountains, and live under the trees.' His parents did not agree. Why? Because you are their only son, and they love you very much: 'I prayed to the mountains, rivers, sun, moon, and all the heavens, and only then did I get you as my son. If I don't see you, I will be sad and die.' They refused to let him go, so the son lay on the ground, not eating or drinking for one day, two days, up to five days. Relatives and friends heard that this child wanted to learn the Way, shave his beard and hair, but his parents did not agree, so he lay on the empty ground without eating or drinking for five days; relatives and friends all went to him together, advising him: 'Child! Why don't you get up, bathe, eat, and dress up, but instead shave your beard and hair, and happily cultivate the Way in the woods?' The child did not respond; they said this for three days. Relatives and friends went to his parents together, saying: 'Let him go to learn the Way, if he wants to, he can come and see you often, if he doesn't want to, he will come back.' The parents said: 'Okay!' Seeing that his parents had agreed, the son took care of himself for six or seven days, walked around his parents three times, bowed to them, and then entered an empty place to sit and practice, and after that, he went to other large groves of trees. Among them, there were two Taoists sitting, having attained the five supernatural powers, sincerely seeking the Way, and staying away from lust. The child went to them and asked: 'What are you doing here?' They replied: 'We are sitting here in the open air meditating, for the sake of the people, doing diligent practice.' The child said: 'I should also sit in the open air meditating for the sake of the people.' The two Taoists said: 'Good!' The child then sat in meditation under a large tree, for the sake of the people, diligently practicing, and attained the five supernatural powers, surpassing the two Taoists in diligence. This person was a great sage and supreme one, and in that grove of trees, there was a pregnant tigress. The rule for the Taoists was that if the fruit on the tree fell by itself, they would take it to eat, but they would not pick it from the tree.

。諸道人共行求果蓏，便見妊娠虎，童子道人語兩道人言：『此虎今不久當產，飢餓經日，恐自啖其子。誰能持身食之者？』彌勒菩薩言：『我當持身食之。』採果還已，見虎乳飢餓，欲取其子啖之，其道人語兩道人言：『虎已乳飢餓，欲還啖其子。誰能持身食之？』便共俱至餓虎所，虎開目張口向之，兩道人俱畏懼，便飛上虛空中。其一人言：『道人！卿之至誠如是也。屬者言：「當持身食餓虎。」今者何故飛上虛空也？』其一道人哀之淚出，左右顧視無所有。童子道人取利刀刺右臂流血，如是七處自刺，血入虎口中因飲之，便復自投身食餓虎則死。」

佛語阿難：「欲知爾時上色淫女人者不？正是我身；時立為王者，亦是我身；時婆羅門子自投身喂餓虎者，亦是我身；兩道人者，是迦葉、彌勒菩薩。」

佛告阿難：「我精進行道故，超越九劫出彌勒前。如是，阿難！勤苦行道六十劫，佈施手、足、鼻、耳、頭、目、肌肉、婦、子、男、女、好衣被、飲食故，降伏六十億魔，三十四億得佛道。」

佛語阿難：「若使一切人知佈施之福，如我所知者，窮乏餬口得一食自飯繼命；若不食此便死者，則當不自食與善人令受。阿難！我念昔世時所佈施，用是故面色明好照曜，笑光從口出遍三千大千世界

現代漢語譯本： 一群修行者一起去尋找果實，看到一隻懷孕的母老虎。一個童子修行者對另外兩個修行者說：『這隻老虎不久就要生產了，已經餓了好幾天，恐怕會吃掉自己的孩子。誰能獻出自己的身體給它吃呢？』彌勒菩薩說：『我願意獻出自己的身體給它吃。』他們採完果實回來，看到老虎正在哺乳，因為飢餓想吃掉自己的孩子。那個童子修行者對另外兩個修行者說：『老虎已經哺乳，因為飢餓想吃掉自己的孩子。誰能獻出自己的身體給它吃呢？』於是他們一起走到餓虎那裡，老虎睜開眼睛張開嘴對著他們，那兩個修行者都感到害怕，就飛到了空中。其中一個人說：『修行者！你的誠心就是這樣嗎？之前說「願意獻出自己的身體給餓虎吃」，現在為什麼飛到空中呢？』那個修行者悲傷地流下眼淚，左右看看什麼都沒有。童子修行者拿起鋒利的刀刺自己的右臂，鮮血流了出來，像這樣在七個地方刺傷自己，血流到老虎的嘴裡，老虎喝了血，然後童子修行者就跳到老虎的嘴裡餵它，自己也死了。 佛陀告訴阿難：『想知道那時那個上色的人是誰嗎？正是我自己；那時立為王者的人，也是我自己；那時那個婆羅門子跳到老虎嘴裡喂餓虎的人，也是我自己；那兩個修行者，是迦葉和彌勒菩薩。』 佛陀告訴阿難：『我因為精進修行，所以超越九劫在彌勒之前成佛。像這樣，阿難！我勤苦修行六十劫，佈施手、腳、鼻子、耳朵、頭、眼睛、肌肉、妻子、兒子、女兒、好的衣服、飲食，所以降伏了六十億魔，三十四億人得道成佛。』 佛陀告訴阿難：『如果所有的人都知道佈施的福報，像我所知道的那樣，即使窮困潦倒到只能勉強餬口，得到一口食物可以維持生命；如果他不吃這口食物就會死，那麼他也會不吃，把食物給善人吃。阿難！我回憶過去世所做的佈施，因此我的面色明亮美好，笑容從口中發出，照耀三千大千世界。』

English version: A group of ascetics went together to seek fruits, and they saw a pregnant tigress. A young ascetic said to the other two ascetics, 'This tigress will soon give birth, and she has been hungry for days. I fear she will eat her own cubs. Who can offer their body to feed her?' Maitreya Bodhisattva said, 'I will offer my body to feed her.' After they had gathered fruits and returned, they saw the tigress nursing her cubs, and because of hunger, she wanted to eat them. The young ascetic said to the other two ascetics, 'The tigress is nursing, and because of hunger, she wants to eat her cubs. Who can offer their body to feed her?' So they all went to the hungry tigress. The tigress opened her eyes and opened her mouth towards them. The two ascetics were both afraid and flew into the sky. One of them said, 'Ascetic! Is this your sincerity? Before you said, 「I will offer my body to feed the hungry tigress,」 but now why have you flown into the sky?' That ascetic sadly shed tears, and looked around but saw nothing. The young ascetic took a sharp knife and stabbed his right arm, and blood flowed out. He stabbed himself in seven places like this, and the blood flowed into the tigress's mouth, and she drank it. Then the young ascetic jumped into the tigress's mouth to feed her, and he died. The Buddha told Ananda, 'Do you want to know who that person of superior color was at that time? It was me myself. The one who was established as king at that time, was also me myself. The Brahmin son who jumped into the tigress's mouth to feed the hungry tigress, was also me myself. The two ascetics were Kasyapa and Maitreya Bodhisattva.' The Buddha told Ananda, 'Because I diligently practiced the Way, I surpassed nine kalpas and became a Buddha before Maitreya. Like this, Ananda! I diligently practiced for sixty kalpas, giving away my hands, feet, nose, ears, head, eyes, muscles, wife, sons, daughters, good clothes, and food, therefore I subdued sixty billion demons, and thirty-four billion attained Buddhahood.' The Buddha told Ananda, 'If all people knew the blessings of giving, as I know them, even if they were so poor that they could barely make a living, and they got a single meal that could sustain their life; if they did not eat this meal they would die, then they would not eat it, but give it to a virtuous person to eat. Ananda! I recall the giving I did in past lives, and because of this, my complexion is bright and beautiful, and a smile shines from my mouth, illuminating the three thousand great thousand worlds.'

。」

佛說是經時，四千二百比丘起無餘意得解脫，八十那術諸天人發無上正真道意，七萬菩薩得無所從生法忍。佛說如是，賢者阿難，及一切眾會諸天龍、鬼神、世間人皆歡喜，前為佛作禮而去

現代漢語譯本：佛陀說完這部經的時候，四千二百位比丘斷絕了一切執念，獲得了徹底的解脫；八十那術的天人和人發起了追求無上正等正覺的心願；七萬菩薩證得了對一切法無所從來、本性空寂的法忍。佛陀說完這些，賢者阿難以及所有在場的聽眾，包括天龍、鬼神、世間的人們，都非常歡喜，他們走到佛陀面前，向佛陀行禮后離去。 現代漢語譯本：當佛陀宣講此經時，四千二百位比丘斷除了一切執著，證得了無餘涅槃；八十那由他的天人和人發起了無上正等正覺的意願；七萬菩薩獲得了無生法忍。佛陀如此宣說后，賢者阿難以及所有在場的聽眾，包括天龍、鬼神和世間的人們，都感到歡喜，他們向佛陀頂禮后便離開了。

English version: When the Buddha finished speaking this sutra, four thousand two hundred monks, having relinquished all attachments, attained complete liberation; eighty nayutas of gods and humans generated the aspiration for unsurpassed, true, and complete enlightenment; seventy thousand bodhisattvas attained the forbearance of the non-origination of all dharmas. After the Buddha had spoken thus, the venerable Ananda, and all the assembled listeners, including gods, dragons, ghosts, and people of the world, were filled with joy. They approached the Buddha, paid their respects, and departed. English version: As the Buddha was expounding this scripture, four thousand two hundred monks, having abandoned all attachments, achieved complete nirvana; eighty nayutas of gods and humans generated the intention for unsurpassed, true, and complete enlightenment; seventy thousand bodhisattvas attained the patience of non-arising of dharmas. After the Buddha had spoken in this way, the venerable Ananda and all those present, including gods, dragons, ghosts, and people of the world, were delighted. They bowed to the Buddha and then departed.

The Sutra of Three Rebirths