T04n0214_猘狗經

大正藏第 04 冊 No. 0214 猘狗經

No. 214

佛說猘狗經

吳月支國居士支謙譯

佛在羅閱祇耆阇崛山中，月十五日說戒。時阿難長跪白佛言：「今佛為一切救，開化五道童曚盲冥者，使脫惡道。佛般泥洹后，留舍利、十二部經於世間，當令諸弟子持佛威神，傳佛經戒開度人民，授其戒法，使人供養，是為如佛無異。」

佛言：「若有人，從我弟子受戒，而有還嫉妒其師者，是人當從惡道中來。」

阿難問佛：「何謂惡道？」

佛語阿難：「過去佛時，有猘狗還嚙其主；前佛慈哀，咒愿猘狗，猘狗見佛威神即歡喜，是狗今在泥犁中罪未畢。佛般泥洹后罪畢，用前歡喜故，更生入人道中，從我弟子受戒，正當從作猘狗時主受戒，狗有宿識故，還嚙大家。」佛言：「若有人，從師受戒，還誹謗說師惡者，言非我行者，如是為如猘狗還嚙其主；誹謗道師惡者，宿命本是狗也

現代漢語譯本 佛陀在王舍城的耆阇崛山中，于每月十五日宣說戒律。當時，阿難長跪稟告佛陀：『如今佛陀您是所有眾生的救星，開導教化五道中愚昧無知、盲目黑暗的眾生，使他們脫離惡道。佛陀您涅槃之後，將舍利和十二部經典留在世間，應當讓弟子們秉持佛陀的威神，傳揚佛陀的經典和戒律，開導教化人民，授予他們戒法，使人們供養，這與佛陀您在世時沒有差別。』 佛陀說：『如果有人，從我的弟子那裡受戒，卻反過來嫉妒他的老師，這個人應當是從惡道中來的。』 阿難問佛：『什麼是惡道？』 佛陀告訴阿難：『在過去佛的時代，有一隻瘋狗反咬它的主人；之前的佛陀慈悲憐憫，為瘋狗祝願，瘋狗見到佛陀的威神就歡喜起來，這隻狗現在還在地獄中，罪業未了。佛陀涅槃后，罪業結束，因為之前的歡喜，會再次轉生到人道中，從我的弟子那裡受戒，就像當初從做瘋狗時的主人那裡受戒一樣，狗有宿世的記憶，所以會反咬大家。』佛陀說：『如果有人，從老師那裡受戒，卻反過來誹謗說老師的壞話，說老師的行為不符合我的教導，這樣的人就像瘋狗反咬它的主人一樣；誹謗道師的人，前世本來就是狗。』

English version The Buddha was at Mount Gṛdhrakūṭa in Rājagṛha, and on the fifteenth day of each month, he would expound the precepts. At that time, Ānanda knelt and reported to the Buddha: 'Now, you, Buddha, are the savior of all beings, guiding and enlightening the ignorant, blind, and dark beings in the five realms, enabling them to escape the evil paths. After you, Buddha, enter Nirvana, you will leave behind relics and the twelve divisions of scriptures in the world. Your disciples should uphold your divine power, propagate your scriptures and precepts, guide and enlighten the people, bestow upon them the precepts, and cause them to make offerings. This is no different from when you, Buddha, were in the world.' The Buddha said: 'If there is someone who receives precepts from my disciples, but then turns around and becomes jealous of his teacher, this person must have come from an evil path.' Ānanda asked the Buddha: 'What is an evil path?' The Buddha told Ānanda: 'In the time of a past Buddha, there was a mad dog that bit its master; the previous Buddha, with compassion and pity, made a wish for the mad dog. When the mad dog saw the Buddha's divine power, it became joyful. This dog is still in hell, its sins not yet finished. After the Buddha enters Nirvana, when its sins are finished, because of its previous joy, it will be reborn into the human realm, receiving precepts from my disciples, just as it received precepts from its master when it was a mad dog. The dog has past life memories, so it will bite everyone. The Buddha said: 'If there is someone who receives precepts from a teacher, but then turns around and slanders and speaks ill of the teacher, saying that the teacher's actions do not conform to my teachings, such a person is like a mad dog biting its master; those who slander their spiritual teachers were originally dogs in their past lives.'

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阿難問佛：「狗罪畢，入人道。何以故復還嚙故大家耶？」

佛語阿難：「是狗得入人道，持佛戒法，有所教授，貪利供養，愚癡不解，便行謗說師故，墮五逆惡處。」佛語阿難：「諦聽！佛當具為汝說之。」

阿難言：「諾！受教。」

佛言：「有人持佛法戒行，教人事佛，令入泥犁中者。」

阿難驚起，長跪問佛：「云何教人當令得佛道，何故更入泥犁中？」

佛語阿難：「汝信佛語不？」

阿難言：「信佛語。」

佛言：「汝信佛語，何故聞人受戒當入泥犁中，驚為若人不入泥犁，佛語為妄？」

阿難更起作禮頭面著地，繞佛三匝，還接佛足，長跪問佛：「阿難不解，未知人根。愿佛解之，教人入泥犁意

現代漢語譯本 阿難問佛：『狗的罪業結束，進入人道。為什麼又會回頭咬以前的主人呢？』 佛告訴阿難：『這隻狗進入人道后，持守佛的戒律，教導他人，因為貪圖利益供養，愚癡不明白道理，就誹謗他的老師，因此墮入五逆的惡道。』佛告訴阿難：『仔細聽！我將詳細地為你解說。』 阿難說：『是！我接受教誨。』 佛說：『有人持守佛法戒律，教導他人信奉佛，卻使人墮入地獄之中。』 阿難驚恐地站起來，長跪問佛：『為什麼教導他人應當得佛道，反而會墮入地獄之中呢？』 佛告訴阿難：『你相信我的話嗎？』 阿難說：『相信佛的話。』 佛說：『你相信我的話，為什麼聽到有人受戒會墮入地獄，就驚恐得好像人不入地獄，我的話就是虛妄的呢？』 阿難再次起身，向佛行禮，頭面觸地，繞佛三圈，又回到佛的腳邊，長跪問佛：『阿難不明白，不知道人的根性。希望佛能解釋，教導他人卻墮入地獄的含義。』

English version Ananda asked the Buddha, 'When a dog's sins are finished, it enters the human realm. Why does it then return to bite its former master?' The Buddha told Ananda, 'This dog, having entered the human realm, upholds the Buddha's precepts and teachings. However, due to greed for offerings and a lack of understanding, it slanders its teacher, thus falling into the evil realms of the five rebellious acts.' The Buddha told Ananda, 'Listen carefully! I will explain it to you in detail.' Ananda said, 'Yes! I accept your teachings.' The Buddha said, 'There are those who uphold the Buddha's precepts and teachings, and teach others to believe in the Buddha, yet cause them to fall into hell.' Ananda, startled, stood up and knelt, asking the Buddha, 'Why would teaching others to attain Buddhahood instead lead them to fall into hell?' The Buddha told Ananda, 'Do you believe my words?' Ananda said, 'I believe the Buddha's words.' The Buddha said, 'You believe my words, so why are you so startled to hear that someone who takes precepts might fall into hell, as if if people don't fall into hell, my words would be false?' Ananda rose again, bowed to the Buddha, touched his head to the ground, circled the Buddha three times, and then returned to the Buddha's feet, kneeling and asking, 'Ananda does not understand, and does not know the roots of people. I hope the Buddha can explain the meaning of teaching others yet falling into hell.'

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佛語阿難：「后末世時，有弟子作師，惰懶不能勤學，無有智慧；貪穢欲，得人供養錢財谷帛，持用自活；不精佛法，阿諛隨人，見人貪殺，不與殺戒；見人嗜酒，不斷酒，多少可飲；人行授人戒法，言多少當得錢物作福；但欲得人物，是為賣戒令人方；更有慢不精戒者，便犯眾粗殺生。如是教者，持人著泥犁中。用負佛明教故，令護佛道神得其短，便為惡鬼所病罪重，或能至死償罪，即入泥犁中。」

阿難問佛：「新發意者，偶值惡師，不曉了，謂法當爾；至使信受其言，愚癡不解故。」阿難問佛：「更見明師，為可復重受戒不？」

佛語阿難：「於我法中曠大，極可得悔更自湔洗。初發意時，心常曚冥，為惡師所誤，實自不知；更行受戒，始為入法。不知不曉時，非佛弟子，是為世間小善人耳，無大功德。」

阿難聞佛所說，歡喜作禮

現代漢語譯本 佛對阿難說：『在後來的末世，有些弟子會成為導師，他們懶惰不勤奮學習，沒有智慧；貪圖污穢的慾望，得到人們供養的錢財穀物，用來自己生活；不精通佛法，阿諛奉承別人，看到別人貪圖殺生，不勸誡他們戒殺；看到別人嗜酒，不勸他們戒酒，認為可以少量飲用；給別人傳授戒法，說多少可以得到錢財物品作為福報；只想要得到別人的財物，這是在販賣戒律來欺騙人；更有怠慢不精通戒律的人，就犯下嚴重的殺生罪行。像這樣的教導者，會把人帶入地獄之中。因為辜負了佛的教誨，使得護持佛道的護法神抓住他們的把柄，就會被惡鬼纏身，罪孽深重，甚至可能因此而死來償還罪過，死後就墮入地獄之中。』 阿難問佛：『新發愿學佛的人，偶然遇到惡師，不明白事理，以為佛法就應該是這樣；以至於相信接受他們的話，因為愚癡而不理解。』阿難問佛：『如果再遇到明師，可以重新受戒嗎？』 佛對阿難說：『在我的佛法中，非常寬廣，完全可以懺悔並重新洗滌罪過。剛開始發願學佛的時候，內心常常是矇昧的，被惡師所誤導，實際上自己並不知道；重新受戒，才算是真正進入佛法。在不明白事理的時候，還不是佛的弟子，只是世間的小善人罷了，沒有大的功德。』 阿難聽了佛所說的話，歡喜地行禮。

English version The Buddha said to Ananda: 'In the later times of the end of the world, some disciples will become teachers, they are lazy and not diligent in learning, without wisdom; they are greedy for impure desires, receiving money and grains offered by people, using them for their own livelihood; they are not proficient in the Buddha's teachings, flattering others, seeing others greedy for killing, not advising them to abstain from killing; seeing others addicted to alcohol, not advising them to abstain from alcohol, thinking that a small amount is acceptable; they transmit precepts to others, saying that a certain amount can obtain money and goods as blessings; they only want to obtain others' belongings, this is selling precepts to deceive people; moreover, those who are negligent and not proficient in precepts commit serious sins of killing. Such teachers will lead people into hell. Because they have failed the Buddha's teachings, allowing the Dharma protectors who uphold the Buddha's path to seize their weaknesses, they will be haunted by evil spirits, their sins will be heavy, and they may even die to repay their sins, and after death, they will fall into hell.' Ananda asked the Buddha: 'Those who have newly vowed to learn Buddhism, accidentally encounter evil teachers, do not understand the principles, and think that the Dharma should be like this; so that they believe and accept their words, because of ignorance and lack of understanding.' Ananda asked the Buddha: 'If they encounter a wise teacher again, can they receive the precepts again?' The Buddha said to Ananda: 'In my Dharma, it is very vast, and it is completely possible to repent and wash away sins again. When one first vows to learn Buddhism, the heart is often ignorant, misled by evil teachers, and in fact, one does not know it oneself; receiving the precepts again is considered truly entering the Dharma. When one does not understand the principles, one is not yet a disciple of the Buddha, but only a small virtuous person in the world, without great merit.' Ananda, having heard what the Buddha said, joyfully bowed in respect.

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現代漢語譯本 。

English version .