T04n0215_群牛譬經

大正藏第 04 冊 No. 0215 群牛譬經

No. 215

佛說群牛譬經

西晉沙門法炬譯

聞如是：

一時婆伽婆在舍衛城祇樹給孤獨園。

爾時，世尊告諸比丘：「譬如群牛，志性調良，所至到處，擇軟草食、飲清涼水。時有一驢，便作是念：『此諸群牛，志性調良，所至到處，擇軟草食、飲清涼水。我今亦可效彼，擇軟草食，飲清涼水。』時彼驢入群牛中，前腳跑土，觸嬈彼群牛，亦效群牛鳴吼，然不能改其聲：『我亦是牛。我亦是牛。』然彼群牛，以角抵殺，而舍之去，此亦如是。

「若有一比丘，不精進、修惡法；非沙門，言是沙門；不修梵行，言修梵行；亦不多聞；邪見、威儀不具足；行步來往、屈申俯仰，不解著衣持缽；不能延得衣被、食飲、床臥具、病瘦醫藥

現代漢語譯本 如是我聞： 一時，佛陀住在舍衛城的祇樹給孤獨園。 當時，世尊告訴眾比丘：『譬如一群牛，性情溫順善良，無論走到哪裡，都選擇柔軟的草吃，飲用清涼的水。這時，有一頭驢，便這樣想：『這些牛，性情溫順善良，無論走到哪裡，都選擇柔軟的草吃，飲用清涼的水。我現在也可以效仿它們，選擇柔軟的草吃，飲用清涼的水。』當時，那頭驢進入牛群中，前腳刨土，觸擾那些牛，也學著牛叫，但不能改變它的聲音，還說：『我也是牛。我也是牛。』然而，那些牛用角抵殺它，然後離去，情況也是這樣。 『如果有一位比丘，不精進修行，修習惡法；不是沙門，卻自稱是沙門；不修梵行，卻自稱修梵行；也沒有廣聞佛法；邪見，威儀不具足；行走、來往、屈身、伸展、抬頭、低頭，都不懂得如何穿衣持缽；不能獲得衣服、飲食、床鋪、臥具、病時的醫藥。』

English version Thus have I heard: At one time, the Buddha was dwelling in Jeta's Grove, Anathapindika's Park, in Sravasti. Then, the World-Honored One addressed the monks, saying: 'Suppose there is a herd of cattle, gentle and well-behaved, that wherever they go, they choose soft grass to eat and drink cool, clear water. Then there is a donkey, who thinks to himself: 'These cattle are gentle and well-behaved, and wherever they go, they choose soft grass to eat and drink cool, clear water. I too can imitate them, choose soft grass to eat, and drink cool, clear water.' Then that donkey enters the herd of cattle, paws the ground with its front feet, disturbing the cattle, and also imitates the cattle's bellowing, but cannot change its voice, saying: 'I am also a cow. I am also a cow.' However, the cattle gore it with their horns and leave it behind. It is just like this. 'If there is a monk who is not diligent, practices evil dharmas; is not a sramana, yet claims to be a sramana; does not practice the holy life, yet claims to practice the holy life; also does not have much learning; has wrong views, and does not have proper conduct; in walking, coming, going, bending, stretching, looking up, and looking down, does not understand how to wear robes and carry a bowl; and cannot obtain robes, food, bedding, lodging, and medicine for sickness.'

。彼若見比丘精進修善法，于沙門中，成沙門行；修梵行；多聞博學，而修善法；威儀悉善，行步來往、屈申俯仰、著衣持缽，不失禮節；得衣被、飲食、床臥具、病瘦醫藥。時惡行比丘便作是念：『此眾多比丘精進、修善法，于沙門成沙門行、于梵行成梵行，威儀具足，行步來往、屈申俯仰、著衣持缽，皆悉備具；是得衣被、飲食、床臥具、病瘦醫藥，皆已備具。我今可入彼眾中，我亦當得衣被、飲食、床臥具、病瘦醫藥。』

「時惡比丘——修惡法；無沙門行，言是沙門；無梵行，言修梵行；少聞、有諸惡見——便入彼眾多精進比丘所，欲效彼威儀禮節——行步來往、屈申俯仰、著衣持缽——如彼微妙比丘精進、修善法，行步來往、屈申俯仰、著衣持缽，便作是言：『我是沙門。我是沙門。』時微妙比丘皆悉證知，此比丘不精進，言精進；非沙門，言是沙門；不修梵行，言修梵行；不多聞、有諸邪見

現代漢語譯本 如果他看到有比丘精進地修習善法，在沙門中成就沙門的行為；修習清凈的梵行；廣聞博學，並且修習善法；威儀都很好，行走來往、屈身伸展、俯身仰頭、穿衣持缽，都不失禮節；得到衣服、飲食、床鋪臥具、生病時的醫藥。這時，行為不好的比丘就會這樣想：『這些眾多的比丘精進、修習善法，在沙門中成就沙門的行為、在梵行中成就梵行，威儀具足，行走來往、屈身伸展、俯身仰頭、穿衣持缽，都非常完備；他們得到衣服、飲食、床鋪臥具、生病時的醫藥，也都非常完備。我現在可以進入他們的群體中，我也應當得到衣服、飲食、床鋪臥具、生病時的醫藥。』 這時，行為不好的比丘——修習惡法；沒有沙門的行為，卻說自己是沙門；沒有清凈的梵行，卻說自己修習梵行；少聞寡見、持有各種錯誤的見解——就進入那些眾多精進比丘的群體中，想要效仿他們的威儀禮節——行走來往、屈身伸展、俯身仰頭、穿衣持缽——就像那些美好的比丘精進、修習善法，行走來往、屈身伸展、俯身仰頭、穿衣持缽一樣，就說：『我是沙門。我是沙門。』這時，那些美好的比丘都清楚地知道，這個比丘不精進，卻說自己精進；不是沙門，卻說自己是沙門；不修習梵行，卻說自己修習梵行；不多聞、持有各種邪見。

English version If he sees a monk diligently practicing good Dharma, achieving the conduct of a monk among the monks; practicing pure Brahmacharya; being learned and knowledgeable, and practicing good Dharma; having excellent deportment, walking, coming and going, bending and stretching, bowing and raising the head, wearing robes and holding the alms bowl, without losing propriety; receiving robes, food, bedding, and medicine for illness. Then, a monk of bad conduct will think: 'These many monks are diligent, practicing good Dharma, achieving the conduct of a monk among the monks, achieving Brahmacharya in Brahmacharya, having complete deportment, walking, coming and going, bending and stretching, bowing and raising the head, wearing robes and holding the alms bowl, all being very complete; they receive robes, food, bedding, and medicine for illness, all being very complete. Now I can enter their group, and I should also receive robes, food, bedding, and medicine for illness.' Then, the monk of bad conduct—practicing bad Dharma; not having the conduct of a monk, yet saying he is a monk; not having pure Brahmacharya, yet saying he practices Brahmacharya; being of little learning and holding various wrong views—enters the group of those many diligent monks, wanting to imitate their deportment and etiquette—walking, coming and going, bending and stretching, bowing and raising the head, wearing robes and holding the alms bowl—just like those fine monks who are diligent, practicing good Dharma, walking, coming and going, bending and stretching, bowing and raising the head, wearing robes and holding the alms bowl, and says: 'I am a monk. I am a monk.' Then, those fine monks all clearly know that this monk is not diligent, yet says he is diligent; is not a monk, yet says he is a monk; does not practice Brahmacharya, yet says he practices Brahmacharya; is not learned and holds various wrong views.

。時諸微妙比丘便擯出界外：『汝速出去，莫住我眾。』譬如彼群牛，志性調良，驅出彼驢。

「是故，諸比丘！非沙門行、非婆羅門行，當舍離之；諸沙門善行、及婆羅門善行，當善諷誦持。如是，諸比丘！當作是學。」

爾時，諸比丘聞佛所說，歡喜奉行

現代漢語譯本：當時，那些聰慧的比丘們便將他驅逐出界外：『你快出去，不要待在我們的僧團里。』就像那群性情溫順的牛，將那頭驢驅趕出去一樣。 『因此，各位比丘！那些不屬於沙門或婆羅門的行為，應當捨棄；那些屬於沙門或婆羅門的良好行為，應當好好地學習和奉行。各位比丘！你們應當這樣學習。』 當時，各位比丘聽聞佛陀所說，都歡喜地接受並奉行。

English version: Then, those wise monks expelled him from the boundary: 'You must leave quickly, do not stay in our community.' It is like that herd of well-behaved cows driving out that donkey. 'Therefore, monks! Those practices that are not of a renunciate or a Brahmin should be abandoned; those good practices of renunciates and Brahmins should be well-learned and upheld. Thus, monks! You should train yourselves in this way.' At that time, the monks, having heard what the Buddha said, joyfully accepted and practiced it.

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現代漢語譯本 。

English version .