T12n0344_佛說太子和休經

大正藏第 12 冊 No. 0344 佛說太子和休經

No. 344 [Nos. 310(37), 343]

佛說太子和休經一卷

僧祐錄云失譯今附西晉錄

佛在羅閱祇國耆阇崛山中，與菩薩萬人俱，比丘僧千二百五十人，諸優婆塞、優婆夷，諸天王、梵釋及人民、鬼神、龍，無央數共坐。

阿阇世王太子，名為和休，與長者子五百人，各持金花傘蓋，從羅閱國出行，與太子相隨俱到佛所，各持傘蓋上佛已，各叉手頭面著地為佛作禮，卻住佛前。太子叉手白佛言：「菩薩何因緣得端正？何因緣不入女人腹中，而生蓮花中？何因緣知前世宿命？愿佛加大恩，當爲我分別說之。」

佛告太子：「菩薩忍辱不瞋怒者，後世生為人端正。菩薩不淫妷、不與女人交通者，後世生不入女人腹中，便於蓮華中化生。菩薩喜持經戒教人，後世生便自知宿命無央數世之事。」

太子白佛言：「何因緣菩薩有三十二相？何因緣有八十種好？何因緣人民見佛身形，視之無厭極？」

佛告太子：「本為菩薩時，好佈施與人。在所求索，欲得衣服、飲食、金銀珍寶、車馬、奴婢妻子、肌肉頭目，皆不逆人，無所貪惜，用是故得三十二相。菩薩慈心哀念人民蜎飛蠕動之類，

【現代漢語翻譯】現代漢語譯本佛陀在羅閱祇國（Rājagṛha，古印度城市名，意為王舍城）的耆阇崛山（Gṛdhrakūṭa，又名靈鷲山）中，與一萬名菩薩、一千二百五十名比丘僧，以及諸位優婆塞（Upāsaka，在家男居士）、優婆夷（Upāsikā，在家女居士），諸天王、梵釋（Brahmā，印度教的創造神）以及人民、鬼神、龍等無數眾生一同坐著。阿阇世王（Ajātaśatru，古印度摩揭陀國國王）的太子，名為和休，與五百位長者之子，各自拿著金花傘蓋，從羅閱國出發，跟隨太子一同來到佛陀所在之處，各自將傘蓋獻給佛陀后，合掌，頭面觸地向佛陀行禮，然後退立在佛陀面前。太子合掌向佛陀說道：『菩薩因何因緣而得相貌端正？因何因緣不入女人腹中，而於蓮花中化生？因何因緣能知曉前世的宿命？愿佛陀施予大恩，為我分別解說。』佛陀告訴太子：『菩薩若能忍辱不生瞋怒，後世轉生為人時，相貌便會端正。菩薩若不淫慾，不與女人交合，後世轉生便不會入女人腹中，而會在蓮花中化生。菩薩若喜好持守經戒並教導他人，後世轉生便能自己知曉無數世的宿命。』太子向佛陀說道：『菩薩因何因緣而有三十二相（Lakṣaṇa，佛陀或偉大人物所具有的三十二種特殊身體特徵）？因何因緣而有八十種好（Anuvyañjana，佛陀或偉大人物所具有的八十種較小的身體特徵）？因何因緣人民見到佛陀的身形，觀看時不會感到厭倦？』佛陀告訴太子：『當菩薩在過去世時，樂於佈施給予他人。對於他人的任何索求，無論是衣服、飲食、金銀珍寶、車馬、奴婢妻子、乃至肌肉頭目，都從不拒絕，毫無貪戀吝惜，因此而得到三十二相。菩薩以慈悲之心哀憐人民以及蜎飛蠕動等一切眾生，

【English Translation】 English version The Buddha was in Mount Gṛdhrakūṭa (Vulture Peak) in the city of Rājagṛha, together with ten thousand Bodhisattvas, twelve hundred and fifty Bhikṣus (monks), and numerous Upāsakas (male lay practitioners), Upāsikās (female lay practitioners), Deva kings, Brahmā, as well as people, ghosts, dragons, and countless other beings. Prince Heshū, the son of King Ajātaśatru, along with five hundred sons of elders, each holding golden flower parasols, departed from Rājagṛha and followed the prince to the place where the Buddha was. After offering their parasols to the Buddha, they clasped their hands, bowed their heads to the ground in reverence, and then stood before the Buddha. The prince, with his hands clasped, said to the Buddha, 'For what reason does a Bodhisattva attain a handsome appearance? For what reason are they not born from a woman's womb but are instead born from a lotus flower? For what reason do they know their past lives? May the Buddha bestow great grace and explain these matters to me.' The Buddha told the prince, 'If a Bodhisattva is patient and does not become angry, in their future lives, they will be born with a handsome appearance. If a Bodhisattva does not engage in sexual misconduct and does not have intercourse with women, in their future lives, they will not be born from a woman's womb but will instead be born from a lotus flower. If a Bodhisattva delights in upholding the precepts and teaching others, in their future lives, they will naturally know their countless past lives.' The prince said to the Buddha, 'For what reason does a Bodhisattva have the thirty-two marks (Lakṣaṇa) of a great being? For what reason do they have the eighty minor marks (Anuvyañjana)? For what reason do people never tire of looking at the Buddha's form?' The Buddha told the prince, 'When a Bodhisattva was in their past lives, they were happy to give to others. Whatever others asked for, whether it was clothing, food, gold, silver, precious jewels, carriages, horses, servants, wives, or even their own flesh, head, and eyes, they never refused and had no greed or attachment. Therefore, they attained the thirty-two marks. A Bodhisattva, with a compassionate heart, pities all beings, including people and all creatures that crawl and fly,'

如視赤子，慾念度脫，用是故得八十種好。菩薩見怨家如視父母，其心適等無有異，用是故，人民見佛身形，視之無厭極。」

太子白佛言：「何因緣菩薩知深經智慧？何因緣知三昧安隱？何因緣佛所語皆使人聞者皆歡喜耶？」

佛告太子：「菩薩喜書經諷誦學說，用是故，知深經智慧。菩薩常好定意心安，用是故，得三昧安隱。菩薩所語皆至誠不欺怠人，用是故，所語誠信，人聞者皆歡喜。」

太子白佛言：「何因緣菩薩身所行、口所言、心所念，皆凈潔？何因緣魔不能得其便？何因緣眾人不敢誹謗佛經道？不敢誹謗比丘僧？」

佛告太子：「菩薩喜侍佛、喜經道、喜比丘僧，用是故，得凈潔。菩薩晝夜經行精進，用是故，魔不能得其便。菩薩所語皆至誠不欺，用是故，人民不敢誹謗佛經道，不敢誹謗比丘僧。」

太子白佛言：「何因緣菩薩得壽命長？何因緣得無病？何因緣家中皆和順相重，不令他人別離？」佛告太子：「菩薩慈心不殺生，用是故，後生得壽命長。菩薩不持刀杖恐怖人，用是，故後世生得無病。菩薩見人有斗變，喜行救解令和合，用是故，後世生人不別離。」

太子白佛言：「何因緣菩薩易得財物，富有不難？何因緣不亡財物，人不劫盜？何因緣得尊者豪貴

【現代漢語翻譯】現代漢語譯本：菩薩看待眾生如同看待自己的孩子，希望他們都能脫離苦難，因此獲得了八十種殊勝的相好。菩薩看待仇敵如同看待父母，內心平等沒有分別，因此，人們見到佛的形貌，都會百看不厭。太子向佛請教說：『菩薩因何能通達深奧的佛經智慧？因何能獲得三昧的安穩？因何佛所說的話都能使聽者歡喜呢？』佛告訴太子說：『菩薩喜愛書寫佛經、諷誦學習和宣說佛法，因此能通達深奧的佛經智慧。菩薩常常保持禪定，內心安穩，因此能獲得三昧的安穩。菩薩所說的話都真誠不欺騙他人，因此所說的話令人信服，聽者都感到歡喜。』太子向佛請教說：『菩薩因何身所行、口所言、心所念都清凈無染？因何魔不能找到機會侵擾？因何眾人不敢誹謗佛經佛道？不敢誹謗比丘僧？』佛告訴太子說：『菩薩喜愛侍奉佛、喜愛佛經佛道、喜愛比丘僧，因此能得到清凈。菩薩日夜精進修行，因此魔不能找到機會侵擾。菩薩所說的話都真誠不欺騙，因此人們不敢誹謗佛經佛道，不敢誹謗比丘僧。』太子向佛請教說：『菩薩因何能長壽？因何能無病？因何家中和睦相處，不被他人離間？』佛告訴太子說：『菩薩慈悲不殺生，因此後世能長壽。菩薩不持刀杖恐嚇他人，因此後世能無病。菩薩見到他人爭鬥，喜歡出面調解，使他們和好，因此後世不會被他人離間。』太子向佛請教說：『菩薩因何容易獲得財富，富有而不困難？因何不會丟失財物，不被他人劫盜？因何能得到尊貴顯赫的地位？』

【English Translation】 English version: A Bodhisattva views all beings as their own children, desiring to liberate them from suffering, and thus attains the eighty auspicious marks. A Bodhisattva views enemies as their parents, their mind is equal and without differentiation, and therefore, people who see the Buddha's form never tire of looking at it. The Crown Prince asked the Buddha, 'For what reason does a Bodhisattva understand the profound wisdom of the scriptures? For what reason do they attain the peace of Samadhi? For what reason do the Buddha's words make all who hear them rejoice?' The Buddha told the Crown Prince, 'A Bodhisattva delights in writing scriptures, reciting, studying, and expounding the Dharma, and therefore understands the profound wisdom of the scriptures. A Bodhisattva is always in a state of meditative calm, and therefore attains the peace of Samadhi. A Bodhisattva's words are always sincere and truthful, and therefore their words are trustworthy, and all who hear them rejoice.' The Crown Prince asked the Buddha, 'For what reason are a Bodhisattva's actions, words, and thoughts pure and undefiled? For what reason can Mara not find an opportunity to interfere? For what reason do people not dare to slander the Buddha's teachings and the path? And not dare to slander the Bhikkhu Sangha?' The Buddha told the Crown Prince, 'A Bodhisattva delights in serving the Buddha, delights in the Buddha's teachings and the path, and delights in the Bhikkhu Sangha, and therefore attains purity. A Bodhisattva practices diligently day and night, and therefore Mara cannot find an opportunity to interfere. A Bodhisattva's words are always sincere and truthful, and therefore people do not dare to slander the Buddha's teachings and the path, and do not dare to slander the Bhikkhu Sangha.' The Crown Prince asked the Buddha, 'For what reason does a Bodhisattva attain longevity? For what reason do they have no illness? For what reason is their family harmonious and not separated by others?' The Buddha told the Crown Prince, 'A Bodhisattva is compassionate and does not kill, and therefore attains longevity in future lives. A Bodhisattva does not use weapons to frighten others, and therefore has no illness in future lives. A Bodhisattva sees people fighting and likes to mediate and reconcile them, and therefore is not separated from others in future lives.' The Crown Prince asked the Buddha, 'For what reason does a Bodhisattva easily obtain wealth and become rich without difficulty? For what reason do they not lose their wealth and are not robbed? For what reason do they attain a position of honor and nobility?'

耶？」

佛告太子：「菩薩智黠、不愚癡，用是故，得大富不難。菩薩喜佈施，不貪惜餘者、不亡財物，見人富樂得錢財不嫉妒，用是故，得為尊者。菩薩不殺，不自貢高，用是故，得為豪貴。」

太子白佛言：「何因緣菩薩得天眼洞視？何因緣天耳徹聽？何因緣得知世間生死所趣善惡耶？」

佛告太子：「菩薩喜于佛寺中然燈，用是故，得天眼洞視。菩薩喜持倡伎樂佛寺中，用是故，天耳徹聽。菩薩入三昧得禪，用是故，知世間生死所趣善惡。」

太子白佛言：「何因緣菩薩得飛行四神足念？何因緣菩薩得念前世無央數劫之事？何因緣菩薩得佛便絕命？」

佛告太子：「菩薩佈施，持車馬象及與騾驢駱駝、履屣與人，用是故，得飛行四神足。菩薩喜念諸佛三昧神足，從學喜教人，用是故，得念前世無央數劫之事。菩薩得佛意無所著，用是故，便般泥洹絕命。」

太子白佛言：「菩薩何因緣預治佛國？何因緣預知後世得比丘僧？何因緣得光明遍照十方？」

佛告太子：「菩薩常多愿，用是故，預治佛國。菩薩佈施與人民，喜教人行六波羅蜜經，用是故，后得比丘僧。菩薩持七寶物作傘蓋上佛及佛寺，用是故，得光明遍照十方。」

佛為太子分別說是事，太子甚大歡

【現代漢語翻譯】現代漢語譯本『耶？』佛陀告訴太子：『菩薩智慧明銳，不愚癡，因此，獲得大富不難。菩薩喜歡佈施，不貪戀吝惜剩餘之物，不損失財物，見到他人富裕快樂獲得錢財不嫉妒，因此，能成為受人尊敬的人。菩薩不殺生，不自高自大，因此，能成為豪門貴族。』太子問佛陀：『是什麼因緣使菩薩獲得天眼，能洞察一切？是什麼因緣使菩薩獲得天耳，能聽見一切？是什麼因緣使菩薩能知曉世間眾生生死輪迴的善惡去向？』佛陀告訴太子：『菩薩喜歡在佛寺中點燈，因此，獲得天眼，能洞察一切。菩薩喜歡在佛寺中演奏音樂，因此，獲得天耳，能聽見一切。菩薩進入禪定，獲得禪定之力，因此，能知曉世間眾生生死輪迴的善惡去向。』太子問佛陀：『是什麼因緣使菩薩獲得飛行自在的四種神通？是什麼因緣使菩薩能憶念前世無數劫的事情？是什麼因緣使菩薩成佛后便入滅？』佛陀告訴太子：『菩薩佈施，將車馬、大象以及騾子、驢子、駱駝、鞋子等施與他人，因此，獲得飛行自在的四種神通。菩薩喜歡憶念諸佛的三昧神通，並從中學習，喜歡教導他人，因此，能憶念前世無數劫的事情。菩薩證得佛的意念，無所執著，因此，成佛后便入般涅槃，斷絕生命。』太子問佛陀：『是什麼因緣使菩薩預先治理佛國？是什麼因緣使菩薩預知後世能有比丘僧團？是什麼因緣使菩薩獲得光明遍照十方？』佛陀告訴太子：『菩薩常常發大愿，因此，預先治理佛國。菩薩佈施給人民，喜歡教導他人修行六波羅蜜，因此，後世能有比丘僧團。菩薩用七寶製作傘蓋供奉佛陀和佛寺，因此，獲得光明遍照十方。』佛陀為太子詳細解釋了這些事情，太子非常歡喜。

【English Translation】 English version 'Eh?' The Buddha told the prince, 'Bodhisattvas are wise and not foolish. Therefore, it is not difficult for them to obtain great wealth. Bodhisattvas are fond of giving, not greedy or stingy with what they have left, and do not lose their possessions. When they see others wealthy and happy, they are not jealous. Therefore, they become respected. Bodhisattvas do not kill and are not arrogant. Therefore, they become noble and wealthy.' The prince asked the Buddha, 'What is the cause and condition for a Bodhisattva to obtain the heavenly eye that can see everything? What is the cause and condition for a Bodhisattva to obtain the heavenly ear that can hear everything? What is the cause and condition for a Bodhisattva to know the good and evil destinations of sentient beings in the cycle of birth and death?' The Buddha told the prince, 'Bodhisattvas like to light lamps in Buddhist temples. Therefore, they obtain the heavenly eye that can see everything. Bodhisattvas like to play music in Buddhist temples. Therefore, they obtain the heavenly ear that can hear everything. Bodhisattvas enter samadhi and obtain the power of meditation. Therefore, they know the good and evil destinations of sentient beings in the cycle of birth and death.' The prince asked the Buddha, 'What is the cause and condition for a Bodhisattva to obtain the four supernatural powers of free flight? What is the cause and condition for a Bodhisattva to remember countless kalpas of past lives? What is the cause and condition for a Bodhisattva to enter Nirvana immediately after becoming a Buddha?' The Buddha told the prince, 'Bodhisattvas give away chariots, horses, elephants, mules, donkeys, camels, shoes, and other things to others. Therefore, they obtain the four supernatural powers of free flight. Bodhisattvas like to remember the samadhi and supernatural powers of all Buddhas, learn from them, and like to teach others. Therefore, they can remember countless kalpas of past lives. Bodhisattvas attain the mind of the Buddha, without any attachments. Therefore, they enter Parinirvana and end their lives immediately after becoming a Buddha.' The prince asked the Buddha, 'What is the cause and condition for a Bodhisattva to prepare and govern a Buddha-land in advance? What is the cause and condition for a Bodhisattva to know in advance that there will be a community of Bhikkhus in the future? What is the cause and condition for a Bodhisattva to obtain light that illuminates all directions?' The Buddha told the prince, 'Bodhisattvas often make great vows. Therefore, they prepare and govern a Buddha-land in advance. Bodhisattvas give to the people and like to teach others to practice the Six Paramitas. Therefore, there will be a community of Bhikkhus in the future. Bodhisattvas use seven precious materials to make umbrellas to offer to the Buddha and Buddhist temples. Therefore, they obtain light that illuminates all directions.' The Buddha explained these matters in detail to the prince, and the prince was very happy.

喜，及五百長者子皆大歡喜。

太子白佛言：「我後世佛所說，我悉受行皆當具足？」

佛大笑，口中五色光出悉照十方。彌勒菩薩起前長跪，叉手白佛言：「佛不妄笑。何因緣五色光出悉照十方耶？」

佛告彌勒菩薩：「聽我說之。太子和休及五百長者子，前世供養百億佛，皆行菩薩道。乃前世提和竭羅佛時，是五百人，皆我弟子所教，後世悉當得共會，供養六億佛。卻後一劫，劫名為摩訶波羅蜜，共會一劫中，五百人前後皆同一字，名為若那頸頭陀那。後作佛時，其國土當如阿彌陀佛國，國中菩薩往來飛行者、變化者，皆如阿彌陀佛國中諸菩薩。人聞是經，皆當生阿彌陀佛國作菩薩，如文殊師利菩薩、三摩提缽菩薩，後世作佛者當如阿彌陀佛。」

說經已，太子和休及五百長者子，諸菩薩比丘僧、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷，諸天梵人民、鬼神龍，皆大歡喜，前為佛作禮而去。

佛說太子和休經

【現代漢語翻譯】現代漢語譯本：他們都感到歡喜，包括喜（指太子和休）以及五百位長者之子，都非常高興。太子（和休）對佛說：『我將來在佛所說的教誨中，是否都能接受並實踐，最終圓滿具足呢？』佛大笑起來，口中發出五色光芒，照耀十方世界。彌勒菩薩起身，向前長跪，合掌對佛說：『佛不會無緣無故地笑。是什麼因緣讓您發出五色光芒，照耀十方呢？』佛告訴彌勒菩薩：『聽我說。太子和休以及五百位長者之子，前世曾供養百億佛，都修行菩薩道。在過去提和竭羅佛（Dipamkara Buddha）時期，這五百人都是我所教導的弟子，他們將來都會再次相遇，共同供養六億佛。過一劫后，那一劫名為摩訶波羅蜜（Mahaparamita），在這同一劫中，這五百人前後都會有相同的名字，名為若那頸頭陀那（Jnana-skandha-dhuta）。他們將來成佛時，他們的國土會像阿彌陀佛（Amitabha Buddha）的國土一樣，國中的菩薩往來飛行、變化，都像阿彌陀佛國土中的菩薩一樣。人們聽到這部經，都會往生到阿彌陀佛的國土成為菩薩，就像文殊師利菩薩（Manjusri Bodhisattva）、三摩提缽菩薩（Samadhi-patra Bodhisattva）一樣，將來成佛時也會像阿彌陀佛一樣。』說完這部經后，太子和休以及五百位長者之子，還有諸菩薩、比丘僧、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷，諸天、梵天人民、鬼神、龍，都非常歡喜，向前向佛作禮后離去。佛說太子和休經（Buddha Speaks the Sutra of Prince He Xiu）

【English Translation】 English version: They all felt joy, including He Xiu (referring to the prince) and the five hundred sons of elders, all were very happy. The prince (He Xiu) said to the Buddha, 'In the teachings spoken by the Buddha in the future, will I be able to accept and practice them all, ultimately achieving complete fulfillment?' The Buddha laughed loudly, and from his mouth emanated five-colored light, illuminating the ten directions. Maitreya Bodhisattva rose, knelt forward, and with palms together said to the Buddha, 'The Buddha does not laugh without reason. What is the cause that makes you emit five-colored light, illuminating the ten directions?' The Buddha told Maitreya Bodhisattva, 'Listen to me. Prince He Xiu and the five hundred sons of elders, in their past lives, had made offerings to a hundred billion Buddhas, and all practiced the Bodhisattva path. In the past during the time of Dipamkara Buddha, these five hundred people were all disciples taught by me, and they will all meet again in the future, together making offerings to six hundred million Buddhas. After one kalpa, that kalpa will be named Mahaparamita, and in this same kalpa, these five hundred people will all have the same name, Jnana-skandha-dhuta. When they become Buddhas in the future, their lands will be like the land of Amitabha Buddha, and the Bodhisattvas in their lands will travel, fly, and transform, just like the Bodhisattvas in Amitabha Buddha's land. People who hear this sutra will all be reborn in Amitabha Buddha's land as Bodhisattvas, like Manjusri Bodhisattva and Samadhi-patra Bodhisattva, and when they become Buddhas in the future, they will be like Amitabha Buddha.' After speaking this sutra, Prince He Xiu and the five hundred sons of elders, as well as all the Bodhisattvas, Bhikkhus, Bhikkhunis, Upasakas, Upasikas, the gods, Brahma people, ghosts, and dragons, were all very happy, and after bowing to the Buddha, they departed. Buddha Speaks the Sutra of Prince He Xiu