T24n1467a_佛說犯戒罪報輕重經
大正藏第 24 冊 No. 1467a 佛說犯戒罪報輕重經
No. 1467
◎佛說犯戒罪報輕重經
後漢安息三藏安世高譯
如是我聞：
一時佛住王舍城迦蘭陀竹園。爾時尊者目連，晡時從禪定覺，往至世尊所，頭面禮足卻住一面。時尊者大目連白佛言：「世尊！意有所疑，今欲請問。唯愿聽許。」
佛告目連：「聽汝所問。當爲汝說。」
目連即白佛言：「世尊！若比丘、比丘尼，無慚愧心，輕慢佛語，犯眾學戒，如是犯波羅提提舍尼、波夜提、偷蘭遮、僧伽婆尸沙、波羅夷，得幾所不饒益罪？唯愿解說。」
佛告目連：「諦聽諦聽。當爲汝說。若比丘、比丘尼無慚無愧，輕慢佛語，犯眾學戒。如四天王天壽五百歲墮泥犁中，於人間數九百千歲。」
佛告目連：「無慚無愧，輕慢佛語，犯波羅提提舍尼。如三十三天壽一千歲墮泥犁中，於人間數三億六十千歲。」
佛告目連：「無慚無愧，輕慢佛語，犯波夜提。如夜摩天壽二千歲，墮泥犁中，於人間數二十億四十千歲。」
佛告目連：「無慚無愧，輕慢佛語，犯偷蘭遮。如兜率天壽四千歲墮泥犁中，於人間數五十億六十千歲。」
佛告目連：「無慚無愧，輕慢佛語，
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本 如是我聞： 一時，佛陀住在王舍城（Rājagṛha）的迦蘭陀竹園（Kalandaka Venuvana）。當時，尊者目連（Maudgalyāyana），在傍晚時分從禪定中醒來，前往世尊（Bhagavan）處，以頭面禮拜佛足，然後退到一旁站立。這時，尊者大目連（Mahāmaudgalyāyana）稟告佛陀說：『世尊！我心中有些疑惑，現在想請教。希望您能允許。』 佛陀告訴目連：『允許你提問。我會為你解答。』 目連隨即稟告佛陀說：『世尊！如果比丘（bhikṣu）、比丘尼（bhikṣuṇī），沒有慚愧心，輕慢佛的教誨，違犯眾學戒（śikṣāpada），像這樣違犯波羅提提舍尼（prātidēśanīya）、波夜提（pāyantika）、偷蘭遮（sthūlātyaya）、僧伽婆尸沙（saṃghāvaśeṣa）、波羅夷（pārājika），會得到多少不饒益的罪報？希望您能解釋。』 佛陀告訴目連：『仔細聽，仔細聽。我會為你解說。如果比丘、比丘尼沒有慚愧心，輕慢佛的教誨，違犯眾學戒，如同四天王天（Cāturmahārājika）的壽命五百歲，墮入泥犁（naraka）之中，相當於人間九百千歲。』 佛陀告訴目連：『沒有慚愧心，輕慢佛的教誨，違犯波羅提提舍尼，如同三十三天（Trāyastriṃśa）的壽命一千歲，墮入泥犁之中，相當於人間三億六十千歲。』 佛陀告訴目連：『沒有慚愧心，輕慢佛的教誨，違犯波夜提，如同夜摩天（Yāmadeva）的壽命二千歲，墮入泥犁之中，相當於人間二十億四十千歲。』 佛陀告訴目連：『沒有慚愧心，輕慢佛的教誨，違犯偷蘭遮，如同兜率天（Tuṣita）的壽命四千歲，墮入泥犁之中，相當於人間五十億六十千歲。』 佛陀告訴目連：『沒有慚愧心，輕慢佛的教誨，』
【English Translation】 English version Thus have I heard: At one time, the Buddha was staying in the Kalandaka Bamboo Grove (Kalandaka Venuvana) in Rājagṛha (王舍城). At that time, the Venerable Maudgalyāyana (目連), having awakened from meditation in the late afternoon, went to the place where the Bhagavan (世尊) was, bowed his head to the Buddha's feet, and stood to one side. Then, the Venerable Mahāmaudgalyāyana (大目連) said to the Buddha: 'Bhagavan! I have some doubts in my mind and now wish to ask. I hope you will allow me.' The Buddha said to Maudgalyāyana: 'You are allowed to ask. I will explain it to you.' Maudgalyāyana then said to the Buddha: 'Bhagavan! If a bhikṣu (比丘) or bhikṣuṇī (比丘尼) has no sense of shame, disrespects the Buddha's teachings, and violates the śikṣāpada (眾學戒), such as violating prātidēśanīya (波羅提提舍尼), pāyantika (波夜提), sthūlātyaya (偷蘭遮), saṃghāvaśeṣa (僧伽婆尸沙), and pārājika (波羅夷), how much unbeneficial karmic retribution will they receive? I hope you can explain.' The Buddha said to Maudgalyāyana: 'Listen carefully, listen carefully. I will explain it to you. If a bhikṣu or bhikṣuṇī has no shame and no remorse, disrespects the Buddha's teachings, and violates the śikṣāpada, it is like the lifespan of the Cāturmahārājika (四天王天) heaven being five hundred years, and they will fall into naraka (泥犁), which is equivalent to nine hundred thousand years in the human realm.' The Buddha said to Maudgalyāyana: 'Having no shame and no remorse, disrespecting the Buddha's teachings, and violating prātidēśanīya, it is like the lifespan of the Trāyastriṃśa (三十三天) heaven being one thousand years, and they will fall into naraka, which is equivalent to three hundred and sixty million years in the human realm.' The Buddha said to Maudgalyāyana: 'Having no shame and no remorse, disrespecting the Buddha's teachings, and violating pāyantika, it is like the lifespan of the Yāmadeva (夜摩天) heaven being two thousand years, and they will fall into naraka, which is equivalent to twenty billion and forty million years in the human realm.' The Buddha said to Maudgalyāyana: 'Having no shame and no remorse, disrespecting the Buddha's teachings, and violating sthūlātyaya, it is like the lifespan of the Tuṣita (兜率天) heaven being four thousand years, and they will fall into naraka, which is equivalent to fifty billion and sixty million years in the human realm.' The Buddha said to Maudgalyāyana: 'Having no shame and no remorse, disrespecting the Buddha's teachings,'
犯僧伽婆尸沙。如不憍樂天壽八千歲，墮泥犁中，於人間數二百三十億四十千歲。」
佛告目連：「無慚無愧，輕慢佛語，犯波羅夷。如他化自在天壽十六千歲墮泥犁中，於人間數九百二十一億六十千歲。」
時尊者目連聞佛所說歡喜奉行。
爾時尊者目連即說偈言：
「因緣輕慢故， 命終墮惡道； 因緣修善者， 於此生天上。 緣斯修福業， 離惡得解脫； 不善觀因緣， 身壞入惡道。 比丘謹慎樂， 放逸多憂譴， 變諍小致大， 積惡入火𤆶。 持戒福致喜， 破戒有懼心， 永斷三界漏， 爾乃得涅槃。 戒德可恃怙， 福報常隨己， 見法為人長， 眾遠三惡道。 戒慎除恐畏， 福德三界尊， 鬼龍蛇毒害， 不犯持戒人。 神仙五通人， 造世諸咒術， 為諸慚愧者， 斷諸無慚愧。 如來制禁戒， 半月半月說， 已說戒利益， 稽首禮諸佛。」
佛說犯戒罪報輕重經
【現代漢語翻譯】 現代漢語譯本： 犯僧伽婆尸沙（Sanghavasesa，僧殘罪）。如果不憍樂天（Paranirmita-vasavartin，欲界第六天）的壽命有八千歲，那麼墮入泥犁（Naraka，地獄）中，相當於人間二百三十億四十千歲。
佛告訴目連（Maudgalyayana，佛陀十大弟子之一）說：『無慚無愧，輕慢佛語，犯波羅夷（Parajika，斷頭罪）。如果他化自在天（Paranirmita-vasavartin，欲界第六天）的壽命有一萬六千歲，那麼墮入泥犁（Naraka，地獄）中，相當於人間九百二十一億六十千歲。』
當時尊者目連（Maudgalyayana，佛陀十大弟子之一）聽了佛所說的話，歡喜地接受並實行。
當時尊者目連（Maudgalyayana，佛陀十大弟子之一）就說了這首偈：
『因為輕慢的因緣， 命終之後墮入惡道； 因為修習善法的因緣， 因此得以生到天上。 因為這個緣故修習福德， 遠離惡道得到解脫； 不善於觀察因緣， 身死之後墮入惡道。 比丘（Bhikkhu，出家男眾）應當謹慎快樂， 放逸懈怠多有憂愁責難， 爭端從小變大， 積累惡業墮入火坑。 持戒帶來福報和喜樂， 破戒使人內心恐懼， 永遠斷絕三界（Trailokya，欲界、色界、無色界）的煩惱， 這樣才能證得涅槃（Nirvana，寂滅）。 戒德可以依靠， 福報常常伴隨自己， 明白佛法使人成長， 遠離三惡道。 戒律使人消除恐懼， 福德使人在三界（Trailokya，欲界、色界、無色界）中得到尊敬， 鬼、龍、蛇的毒害， 不會侵犯持戒的人。 神仙和具有五神通的人， 創造世間的各種咒術， 爲了那些有慚愧心的人， 斷除那些沒有慚愧心的人。 如來制定禁戒， 每半個月誦說一次， 已經說了戒律的利益， 稽首禮敬諸佛。』
佛說犯戒罪報輕重經
【English Translation】 English version: Committing a Sanghavasesa (Sanghavasesa, a type of serious offense requiring a formal meeting of the Sangha for expiation). If one does not rejoice in the Paranirmita-vasavartin (Paranirmita-vasavartin, the sixth heaven of the desire realm), whose lifespan is eight thousand years, one will fall into Naraka (Naraka, hell), which is equivalent to two hundred thirty billion and forty thousand years in the human realm.
The Buddha told Maudgalyayana (Maudgalyayana, one of the Buddha's ten great disciples): 'Shameless and without remorse, belittling the Buddha's words, one commits a Parajika (Parajika, an offense leading to expulsion). If a Paranirmita-vasavartin (Paranirmita-vasavartin, the sixth heaven of the desire realm) has a lifespan of sixteen thousand years, one will fall into Naraka (Naraka, hell), which is equivalent to nine hundred twenty-one billion and sixty thousand years in the human realm.'
At that time, the Venerable Maudgalyayana (Maudgalyayana, one of the Buddha's ten great disciples) heard what the Buddha said and joyfully accepted and practiced it.
At that time, the Venerable Maudgalyayana (Maudgalyayana, one of the Buddha's ten great disciples) spoke this verse:
'Because of the cause of belittling, After death, one falls into evil realms; Because of the cause of cultivating goodness, Therefore, one is born in the heavens. Because of this cause, cultivate merit, Depart from evil and attain liberation; Not being good at observing causes and conditions, After death, one falls into evil realms. Bhikkhus (Bhikkhu, ordained male monastics) should be careful and joyful, Negligence brings much sorrow and blame, Disputes grow from small to large, Accumulating evil leads to the fiery pit. Upholding precepts brings merit and joy, Breaking precepts brings fear to the heart, Forever cutting off the outflows of the three realms (Trailokya, the desire realm, form realm, and formless realm), Only then can one attain Nirvana (Nirvana, cessation). Virtue from precepts can be relied upon, Merit always follows oneself, Understanding the Dharma makes one grow, Far from the three evil realms. Precepts eliminate fear, Merit makes one respected in the three realms (Trailokya, the desire realm, form realm, and formless realm), The harm from ghosts, dragons, and snakes, Does not affect those who uphold precepts. Immortals and those with five supernatural powers, Creating various spells in the world, For those who have shame, Cutting off those who have no shame. The Tathagata establishes precepts, Recited every half month, Having spoken of the benefits of precepts, Bowing in reverence to all the Buddhas.'
The Sutra on the Lightness and Heaviness of the Retribution for Offenses Against the Precepts, Spoken by the Buddha